《（浙京津魯瓊專版）2020版高考英語大二輪復習 專題二 閱讀理解 第四節(jié) 主旨大意題 一 標題歸納題學案 新人教版》由會員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關《（浙京津魯瓊專版）2020版高考英語大二輪復習 專題二 閱讀理解 第四節(jié) 主旨大意題 一 標題歸納題學案 新人教版（18頁珍藏版）》請在裝配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、一、標題歸納題 (2018·11月浙江，C) Istarteverysummerwiththebestofintentions：toattackonebigbookfromthepast，aclassicthatIwassupposedtohavereadwhenyoungandambitious.Oftenthepairingsofbooksandsettingshavebeenpurelyaccidental：MobyDickonathree-daycross-countrytraintrip；TheMagicMountaininaNewEnglandbeachsidecottag

2、ewithnolocksonthedoors，notelephonesortelevisionsintherooms，andlittletodobeyondrowonthesaltpond.AttemptingTheManWithoutQualitiesonareturntoHawaii，mynativestate，however，waslessfruitful: Imadeitthroughoneandaquartervolumes (冊)，thendecidedthatI’dgotthepointandwentswimminginstead. ButthissummerIfindmyse

3、lfataloss.I’mnotquiteinterestedinBalzac，say，orTristramShandy.There’salwaysWarandPeace，whichI’vecoveredsomedistanceseveraltimes，onlytogetboggeddowninthe“War”part，setitasideforawhile，andrealizethatIhavetostartoverfromthebeginningagain，havingforgotteneveryone’snameandsocialrank.Howappealingtosimplyfall

4、backonafavorite—oncemoreintoTheWavesorJustine，whichfeelsalmostlikecheating，tooexcitingandtoomuchfuntoproperlybelonginseriousliterature. Andthenthere’sStendhal’sTheRedandtheBlack，whichhappenstobethenameofmyfavoritecocktail(雞尾酒) ofthesummer，createdbyMichaelCecconiatSavoyandBackForty.Itiseasytodrink，a

5、ndknockingbackthreeorfourseemslikesuchadelightfulidea.Cecconi’stheory: “Itakewhatever’sfreshatthegreenmarketandturnitintoliquid.”Theresultisapureshotofafternooninthepark，makingonefeelcheerfulandpeacefulallatonce，lyingonuncutgrasswitheyesshut，sunbeatingthroughthelids... 27．Whatcanweinferabouttheau

6、thorfromthefirstparagraph? A．HehasacottageinNewEngland. B．Heshowstalentsforliterature. C．Heenjoysreadingwhentraveling. D．Headmiresalotofgreatwriters. 答案　C 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“MobyDickonathree-daycross-countrytraintrip；TheMagicMountaininaNewEnglandbeachsidecottage...TheManWithoutQualitiesonareturnt

7、oHawaii”等內(nèi)容可知，作者在旅行中喜歡閱讀。故選C。 28．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“getboggeddown”inParagraph2mean? A．Getconfused. B．Becarriedaway. C．Beinterrupted. D．Makenoprogress. 答案　D 解析　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文中的“I’vecoveredsomedistanceseveraltimes”和“setitasideforawhile”及讀后的結(jié)果“havingforgotteneveryone’snameandsocialrank”可知，作者在讀“

8、戰(zhàn)爭”部分時幾次合上書，把書放一邊。句中畫線的“getboggeddown”指的是“陷入困境，停滯不前，沒有進展”。與makenoprogress同義。故選D。 29．Whydoestheauthorsayreadinghisfavoritebooksfeelslikecheating? A．Hefinishesthemquickly. B．Heshouldreadsomethingserious. C．Hebarelyunderstandsthem. D．Hehasreadthemmanytimesbefore. 答案　B 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Howappeali

9、ngtosimplyfallbackonafavorite—oncemoreintoTheWavesorJustine，whichfeelsalmostlikecheating，tooexcitingandtoomuchfuntoproperlybelonginseriousliterature.”可知，作者再次讀到自己最喜歡的書時，感到非常刺激和興奮。同時感覺自己興奮的心情與嚴肅的作品不適合，所以這時候會有欺騙的感覺，認為自己應該讀一些嚴肅的東西。故選B。 30．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext? A．TheBooksofSummer B．MySumm

10、erHolidays C．ToReadorNottoRead D．It’sNeverTooLatetoRead 答案　A 解析　標題歸納題。文章第一段開頭作者就談到了每年暑假旅行時喜歡讀名著。第二段中的“ButthissummerIfindmyselfataloss.”談到今年夏天讀書的困惑，第三段的“myfavoritecocktail(雞尾酒) ofthesummer”把讀書和雞尾酒聯(lián)系起來，談自己讀書的感受。所以全文都和夏天讀書有關，TheBooksofSummer適合作為標題，故選A。 一、題型解讀 記敘文、說明文和議論文三種文體涉及的不同話題的閱讀材料都會考查到標題歸

11、納題。設問形式常有： (1)Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage? (2)Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage/text? (3)Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage? (4)Themostsuitabletitleofthispassageis“”． 一個好的標題應具備三大特點：概括——準確而又簡短；針對性——標題外延正好與文章內(nèi)容相符；醒目——能引發(fā)讀者的閱讀欲望。 二、解題技巧 1．“高度概括”定標題 (1)所選文章標題須能概括全文的中心內(nèi)容。標

12、題是文章的點睛之筆，是文章的靈魂和門面。為吸引讀者的注意，標題往往比較醒目。 (2)一般文章的標題可根據(jù)主題句來判斷，但在某些文章中，如記敘文，沒有明確的主題句，需要根據(jù)文中的事實細節(jié)，查找文章的“主線”，歸納出文章的主題。 2．文章標題三特點 (1)形式一般為單詞、短語或句子，短語居多； (2)短小精悍，精確性強； (3)涵蓋性強，能覆蓋全文大意。 例如：【真題感悟】中第30題。文章第一段開頭作者就談到了每年暑假旅行時喜歡讀名著。第二段中的“ButthissummerIfindmyselfataloss.”談到今年夏天讀書的困惑，第三段的“myfavoritecocktail(雞

13、尾酒) ofthesummer”把讀書和雞尾酒聯(lián)系起來，談自己讀書的感受。所以全文都和夏天讀書有關，TheBooksofSummer適合作為標題，故選A。 A (2019·湖南長沙雅禮中學一模) Laughterispartofthe1universalhumanvocabulary.Allmembersofthehumanspeciesunderstandit.UnlikeEnglishorFrenchorSwahili，wedon’thavetolearntospeakit.We’rebornwiththecapacitytolaugh. Verylittleisknownab

14、outthespecificbrainmechanismsresponsibleforlaughter.5Contrarytofolkwisdom，mostlaughterisnotabouthumor；itisaboutrelationships.12Tofindoutwhenandwhypeoplelaugh，Iwentwithseveralassistantstolocalmallsandrecordedwhathappenedjustbeforepeoplelaughed.Overa10-yearperiod，westudiedover2,000casesofnaturally10oc

15、curringlaughter. Wefoundthatmostlaughterdoesnotnecessarilyfollowjokes.Peoplemaylaughafteravarietyofstatements，suchas，“HerecomesMary.”“Howdidyoudoonthetest？”or“Doyouhavearubberband？”Thesecertainlyaren’tjokes. Webelievelaughter6evolvedfromthepanting(喘氣的) behaviorofourancientancestors.Today，ifwetickl

16、e (使發(fā)癢) chimps，theydon’tlaugh.But，instead，theyproduceapantingsound.That’sthesoundofapelaughter，andit’stherootofhumanlaughter. Apeslaughinthekindsofsituationsthatleadtohumanlaughter，likegamesthatinvolvechasing.Otheranimalsproducesoundsduringplay，buttheyaresodifferentfromlaughter.Rats，forexample，prod

17、ucehighsoundsduringplayandwhentickled，buttheseareverydifferentinsoundfromhumanlaughter. Laughterisoftenpositive，butitcanbenegativetoo.There’sadifferencebetween“l(fā)aughingwith”and“l(fā)aughingat”．Peoplewholaughatothersmaybetryingtodrivethemoutofthegroup. Noonehasactuallycountedhowmuchpeopleofdifferentage

18、slaugh，butyoungchildrenprobablylaughthemost.Atages5and6weprobablylaughmorethanatanyothertimes.Adultslaughlessthanchildren，probablybecausetheyplayless. Worknow2underwaywilltellusmoreaboutthebrainmechanismsbehindlaughter，howithasevolved，andwhywe’resosusceptibletotickling. 語篇解讀　本文是一篇議論文。笑容是全世界通用的語言，是

19、世上最溫暖的語言。本文探討了“人類為什么笑”這個話題。 1．Whatwasthepurposeofthedecade’sresearch? A．Toprovethatpeoplelaughbecauseofhumor. B．Tofindouttherealreasonforpeople’slaughter. C．Toresearchpeople’sdifferentreactiononjokes. D．Torecordconversationsamongshoppersinmalls. 答案　B 解析　細節(jié)理解題。由題干中的“thedecade’sresearch”可定位至文

20、章第二段最后兩句，由該段倒數(shù)第二句“Tofindoutwhenandwhypeoplelaugh...”可知，這十年的研究是為了弄清楚人類什么時候以及為什么會笑。故B項正確。 2．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext? A．Peoplewhoplaymoretendtolaughmore. B．Apesproducehighsoundswhentickled. C．Scientistsknowthebrainmechanismsresponsibleforlaughterwell. D．Thesituationsinwhichapeslaughareverydiffer

21、entfromthoseinwhichhumanslaugh. 答案　A 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段中的“Atages5and6weprobablylaughmorethanatanyothertimes.Adultslaughlessthanchildren，probablybecausetheyplayless.”可知，玩得越多的人笑得越多。故A項正確。 3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“susceptible”inthelastparagraphprobablymean? A．Sensitive. B．Flexible. C．Addictive.

22、 D．Reliable. 答案　A 解析　詞義猜測題。聯(lián)系上下文可知susceptible(易受影響的，敏感的)與sensitive的意思最為接近。故選A。 4．Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthetext? A．TheImpactofLaughter B．TheMeaningofLaughter C．ABigMystery：WhyDoWeLaugh? D．Laughter：TheMostBeautifulWord 答案　C 解析　標題歸納題。笑容是全世界通用的語言，是世上最溫暖的語言，本文探討了“人類為什么笑”這個話題。故

23、C項為最佳標題。 B (2019·河北五個一名校聯(lián)盟) Mostpeoplewhoownmobilephonesusethemastheiralarmclocks—makingitveryeasytocheckemailsonelasttimebeforefallingasleepandhardtoeverfeelawayfromworkandsocialnetworks. Severalyearsago，mybossfainteddueto7exhaustionafterstayinguplatetocatchuponwork.Shebangedherheadandendedupwi

24、thfivestitches(縫針)—andbecamewhatshecallsa“sleepevangelist(傳教士)”．Nowsheleaveshermobilephone11charginginanotherroomwhenshegoestobedandencouragesherfriendstodothesame. “IsentallmyfriendsthesameChristmasgift—alovelyalarmclock—sotheycouldstopusingtheexcusethattheyneededtheirveryattractivemobilephonesbyt

25、heirbedstowakethemupinthemorning，”shesaid. Ifyourmobilephonewakesyouupinthemorning，itmayalsobekeepingyouupatnight.A2008studyshowedthatpeopleexposedtomobileradiationtooklongertofallasleepandspentlesstimeindeepsleep.“13Thestudy8indicatesthatduringlaboratoryexposureto884MHzwirelesssignals，componentsof

26、sleepbelievedtobeimportantforrecoveryfromdaily3wearandtearare9severelyaffected，”thestudyconcluded. Aquarterofyoungpeoplefeelliketheymustbeavailablebymobilephone4aroundtheclock，accordingtoaSwedishstudythatlinkedheavycellphoneusetosleepingproblems，stressanddepression.Unreturnedmessagescarrymoreguiltw

27、henthetechnologytodealwiththemliesatourfingertips.Someteensevenreturntextmessagesatmidnight. Mostofuschoosenottosetlimitsonournighttimeavailability.Nearlythreequartersofpeoplefromtheageof18to44sleepwiththeirmobilephoneswithinreach，accordingtoa2012Timepoll.Thatnumberfallsoffslightlyinmiddleage，buton

28、lypeopleaged65andolderareleavingthemobilephoneinanotherroomascommonassleepingrightnexttoit. 語篇解讀　本文屬于科普類說明文，講述現(xiàn)在越來越多的人在睡覺的時候把手機放在旁邊，這會嚴重影響人們的睡眠質(zhì)量，有些人已經(jīng)選擇把手機放在其他地方來保證自己的睡眠質(zhì)量。 5．Whydidtheauthor’sbossstarttoenjoysleeping? A．Herfriendsencouragedhertosleepontime. B．Mobilephonescouldn’twakeheruponti

29、me. C．Herfriendssentheralovelyclocktowakeherup. D．Shegothurtduetoworkingtoolate. 答案　D 解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段前兩句可知，作者的老板由于熬夜趕工而筋疲力盡暈倒在地，并且頭部縫了五針，最終她成為“睡眠傳教士”，鼓勵大家多睡覺。因此作者的老板開始享受睡眠是因為受到了傷害，故選D。 6．Whydidtheauthor’sbossgiveherfriendsalarmclocksasChristmasgifts? A．Alarmclocksdon’tgiveoffanyradiation. B．Al

30、armclocksarebetteratwakingherfriendsup. C．Sheadvisedthemtoreplacemobilephoneswithalarmclocks. D．Sheusedalarmclockstoremindthemnottoworktoolate. 答案　C 解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段可知，作者的老板送給朋友鬧鐘是為了不再讓他們用把手機當鬧鐘的借口而影響睡眠，讓他們用鬧鐘來替代手機，故選C。 7．Whatcanwelearnfromthe2008study? A．Mobileradiationmakespeopleunabletofallas

31、leep. B．Mobilephonescanrelease884MHzwiredsignals. C．Sleepcanhelppeoplefightagainstradiation. D．Componentsofsleepcanbeseriouslyaffectedbywirelesssignals. 答案　D 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“Thestudyindicatesthatduringlaboratoryexposureto884MHzwirelesssignals，componentsofsleepbelievedtobeimportantforrecovery

32、fromdailywearandtearareseverelyaffected...”可知，2008年的一份研究表明，在實驗中暴露于884兆赫的無線信號中，修復白天身體損耗很重要的睡眠因子受到嚴重影響。由此可知，無線電信號會嚴重影響睡眠質(zhì)量，故選D。 8．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage? A．HowMobilePhonesAffectSleep B．WhyAlarmClocksAreBetterthanPhones C．HowWeCanSleepBetteratNight D．HowMobilePhonesAffectHealth 答案　A 解析　

33、標題歸納題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，本文闡述越來越多的人在睡覺的時候把手機放在旁邊，這會嚴重影響其睡眠質(zhì)量，闡述了手機與睡眠的關系，故選A。 Ⅰ.障礙詞匯突破 (一)閱讀下列句子，并根據(jù)句意猜測畫線部分的意思 1．Thereisauniversalloveforbasketballinthecountryamongallwalksoflife.普遍的，全體的 2．PreparationsforthearrivaloftheseniorrepresentativefromtheUNarealreadyunderway. 在進行中的 3．Theseproductscanstandwear

34、andtear，whichwilldefinitelybeattractiveinthemarket.磨損 4．Somestoresstayopenaroundtheclock，whileothersdobusinessforonlyafewhoursaday. 夜以繼日地，晝夜不停地 (二)同義詞語替換 5．Contrarytothebeliefthatrockmusicisalwaysangryandnoisy，histrademark(標志性的) styleisquietbutpowerful.opposedto 6．Thecompanyhasevolvedovertheyea

35、rsintoamulti-milliondollarorganization.developed 7．Therearemanysymptomsofdepression.Theyincludelackofsleep，strongfeelingofexhaustion，anddifficultyconcentratingthroughouttheday.tiredness 8．Researchindicatesthatover81%ofteachersaredissatisfiedwiththeirsalaries.shows 9．Theschoolbuildingswereseverely

36、damagedintheearthquakeandstudentshadtostudyatalocalcompany，whichchangeditsworkshopintoatemporaryclassroom.seriously (三)一詞多義 10．occurv．發(fā)生；被想起 (1)AgreatdeclineinyoungworkforceislikelytooccurinChina.發(fā)生 (2)Itoccurredtohimthathehadanimportantconferencetoattendthenextmorning.被想起 11．chargev．&n．主管，負責n．

37、費用v．收費；控告；充電；進攻 (1)Whenlionsarehidingforanattackbyawaterhole，theywaitpatientlyandcanchargeatanysecond.v.進攻 (2)CouldIspeaktowhoeverisinchargeofInternationalSalesplease? n．主管，負責 (3)Doyouthinkmuseumsshouldchargeforadmission？v.收費 (4)Sheischargedwithmurderingherhusband.v．控告 (5)Themonthlychargeforthi

38、sserviceisonly$29，whichisquitereasonable.n.費用 (6)Itbecamearoutineforustochargeourphonefrequentlyeveninaday.v.充電 Ⅱ.長難句理解 12．Tofindoutwhenandwhypeoplelaugh，Iwentwithseveralassistantstolocalmallsandrecordedwhathappenedjustbeforepeoplelaughed. [句式分析]　本句為主從復合句。句首的Tofindout是目的狀語，句子的主語是I，謂語動詞went和recor

39、ded由and連接。what引導的是賓語從句。 [精美譯文]　為了弄清楚人們發(fā)笑的時間和原因，我和幾個助手去了當?shù)氐馁徫镏行模涗浟巳藗儼l(fā)笑之前的事情。 13．Thestudyindicatesthatduringlaboratoryexposureto884MHzwirelesssignals，componentsofsleepbelievedtobeimportantforrecoveryfromdailywearandtearareseverelyaffected. [句式分析]　本句為復合句。that引導的是賓語從句。從句是主謂結(jié)構，主語是componentsofsleep，ar

40、eseverelyaffected是被動結(jié)構；believedtobeimportantforrecoveryfromdailywearandtear是過去分詞作定語，這本身是一個句型：sb./sth.be said/believed/reported to do，表示“據(jù)說/據(jù)認為/據(jù)報道”。 [精美譯文]　該研究表明，在實驗室里暴露于884兆赫無線信號時，被認為對日常(身體)損耗的恢復很重要的睡眠因子受到嚴重影響。 強化練(十八) Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A “Mirrormirroronthewall，who’sthefairestofthemall？”Anoldtaletellsase

41、eminglyunbelievablestoryofamagicmirror，butnowthemagicisnolongerunachievable. InAugust2018，newswentviral(廣為傳播的) thatthepolicehadcaughtcriminalsuspectswhoattendedChinesesingerJackyCheung’sconcerts.Howdidthepolicepickoutthesuspectsamongthousandsofscreamingfans？ThehelpinghandisAIfacialrecognitiontechno

42、logy.Thelow-keyyetpowerfultoolisnolongerfar-fetched，butenteringtheworldofChina’stopinvestorsandcompanies. Facialrecognitionisatechnologyabletoidentifyapersonfromadigitalimageoraframefromavideosource.TangWenbin，CTOofFace＋＋，anAIcomputervision(視覺) technologycompanyinChina，vividlyexplainedtheworkflow.A

43、ccordingtohim，facialrecognitionistheidentificationofourappearance，includingknowingthesex，ageandidentityofaperson.Youmaythinkitislikeabrainoraneuralnetwork.Youusedatatotrainit，andthen，itlearnsthepattern. Facialrecognitiontechnologyhasbeentraditionallyalliedwiththesecuritywork，buttodaythereisactiveex

44、pansionintootherindustriesincludingmobilephones，marketingandfinance.Chinesestart-upshaveseenthepotentialofAIfacialrecognitionforsimplifyingandspeedinguptasksinmultipleindustries.Andthemarketisnowcrowdedandcompetitive. ChinaisstartingtheAIrevolutionandhasmadebreakthroughsinfacialrecognition.“Ifapply

45、ingAItodifferentindustriesisamarathon，thecompaniesthereprobablyhavejustgotofftheblocks，”saidTianFeng，directorofAlibabaCloudResearchCenter.Healsothinksthatinthefuture，everybodywillbeabletouseAIasitwillsoonbecomeabasictoolforworkandlife. 1．WhyisthenewsmentionedinParagraph2? A．Tointroduceanewtoolfo

46、rcompanies. B．Toshowthemagichasbecomeareality. C．Toproveoldtalesarebasedontruestories. D．Todescribethebackgroundoffacialrecognition. 答案　B 解析　推理判斷題。第一段引入童話故事里的魔鏡，第一段結(jié)尾提到“butnowthemagicisnolongerunachievable”，緊接著第二段就以實例證明魔鏡確實不再是難以實現(xiàn)的幻想了，因此第二段提到了新聞是為了說明現(xiàn)代技術把童話故事里的“魔鏡”變成了現(xiàn)實。 2．Whichofthefollowingb

47、estexplains“alliedwith”underlinedinParagraph4? A．Dependenton. B．Comparedwith. C．Differentfrom. D．Relatedto. 答案　D 解析　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線部分所在句中的“traditionally...securitywork”和后面的轉(zhuǎn)折“buttodaythereisactiveexpansionintootherindustriesincludingmobilephones，marketingandfinance”可知，面部識別一直都與安全方面的工作有關，但是如今這一技術擴展到了其他

48、行業(yè)。故畫線部分應表示“與……有關聯(lián)”，故選D。 3．WhatdoTianFeng’swordsimply? A．ManycompaniesinChinaareresearchingAI. B．AIplaysakeyroleincompanies’development. C．AItechnologyappliednowisfarfrommature. D．AItechnologywillbeusedinmarathonsoneday. 答案　C 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)TianFeng的話“IfapplyingAItodifferentindustriesisamarathon，

49、thecompaniesthereprobablyhavejustgotofftheblocks”可知，如果把將人工智能技術應用到不同行業(yè)中比作一場馬拉松，那么這些公司可能處于剛起跑的階段，即人工智能技術現(xiàn)階段的發(fā)展還遠遠不夠成熟。 4．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext? A．TheEyeofAIinChina B．EffectsofAITechnology C．BreakthroughsofChineseTechnology D．FacialRecognitioninSecurity 答案　A 解析　標題歸納題。結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講了人

50、工智能技術中的面部識別技術在中國的發(fā)展和應用。故A項作本文標題最佳。 B (2019·四川雙流中學一模) Iattendedapartyonenight.Duringthedinneramantoldahumorousstorybasedonthequotation：“There’sadivinitythatshapesourends，rough-hewthemhowwewill.” ThestorytellermentionedthatthequotationwasfromtheBible.Iknewhewaswrong.Therecouldn’tbetheslightestdoub

51、taboutit.Togetafeelingofimportanceanddisplaymysuperiority，Iappointedmyselfasanunwelcomecommitteemembertocorrecthim.Hestucktohisguns.“What? FromShakespeare? Impossible! Absurd! ThatquotationwasfromtheBible.”Andheknewit. Thestorytellerwassittingonmyright；andFrankGammond，anoldfriendofmine，wasseatedonm

52、yleft.MrGammondhaddevotedyearstothestudyofShakespeare.SothestorytellerandIagreedtosubmitthequestiontoMrGammond.MrGammondlistened，kickedmeunderthetable，andthensaid，“Dale，youarewrong.Thegentlemanisright.ItisfromtheBible.” Onourwayhomethatnight，IsaidtoMrGammond，“Frank，youknewthatquotationwasfromShakes

53、peare.”“Yes，ofcourse，”hereplied，“Hamlet，ActFive，SceneTwo.Butwewereguestsatahappytime，mydearDale.Whyarguewiththestoryteller? Whyprovetohimheiswrong？Whynotlethimsavehisface？Alwaysavoidyoursharpangle.”IlearnedalessonI’llneverforget.Inotonlyhadmadethestorytelleruncomfortable，butalsohadputmyfriendinanemb

54、arrassingsituation.HowmuchbetteritwouldhavebeenifIhadnotbecomeargumentative. Ninetimesoutoften，anargumentendswitheachofthecontestantsmorefirmlyconvincedthaneverthatheisabsolutelyright.Youcan’twinanargument.Youcan’tbecauseifyouloseit，youloseit；andifyouwinit，youloseit. 語篇解讀　本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章論述的是“你不可能贏得爭

55、論”。十有八九，爭論結(jié)束時，每個參與者都比以往更堅定地相信自己是絕對正確的。 5．Whatdidtheauthordotogetafeelingofimportanceattheparty? A．Tellahumorousstory. B．Showoffhisrichknowledge. C．Teachthestorytelleralesson. D．Correctthestoryteller’smistake. 答案　D 解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Togetafeelingofimportanceanddisplaymysuperiority，Iappointedm

56、yselfasanunwelcomecommitteemembertocorrecthim.”可知，作者在聚會上糾正講故事的人的錯誤來獲得一種重要感。故選D。 6．WhydidFrankGammondkicktheauthorunderthetable? A．Becausehedidn’tknowmuchabouttheBible. B．Becausehethoughttheauthorwasreallywrong. C．Becausehewasthoughtfulandwantedtostoptheauthor. D．Becausehewashumorousandplayedtri

57、cksontheauthor. 答案　C 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“MrGammondlistened，kickedmeunderthetable，andthensaid，‘Dale，youarewrong.Thegentlemanisright.ItisfromtheBible.’”可知，F(xiàn)rankGammond在桌子底下踢作者是因為他想得周到，想阻止作者。故選C。 7．Howdidtheauthorfeelabouttheeventthathappenedattheparty? A．Thankful. B．Regretful. C．Satisfied. D．Confuse

58、d. 答案　B 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后三句“IlearnedalessonI’llneverforget.Inotonlyhadmadethestorytelleruncomfortable，butalsohadputmyfriendinanembarrassingsituation.HowmuchbetteritwouldhavebeenifIhadnotbecomeargumentative.”可知，作者對晚會上發(fā)生的事很后悔。故選B。 8．Whatcanbethesuitabletitleforthepassage? A．YouCan’tWinanArgument B

59、．YouCan’tMakeMistakesinPublic C．DoHaveanOpenMind D．MindYourMannersataParty 答案　A 解析　標題歸納題。根據(jù)最后一段“十有八九，爭論結(jié)束時，每個參與者都比以往更堅定地相信自己是絕對正確的。你不可能贏得爭論。你不能，因為如果你輸了，你就輸了；如果你贏了，你也輸了?！笨芍?，本文最佳標題是YouCan’tWinanArgument。故選A。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2019·山東濟南質(zhì)檢) WhenIwasyoung，myunderstandingoflifewassimple.Thismadeit9formetodea

60、lwiththeworldaroundme.AsIgrewup，thingsseemedmore10，whichmadelifemorechallenging.Now，middle-aged，Ifindmy11oftheworldisreturningtothesimple. WhenItrytoteachmydaughterimportant12aboutlife，Iwillbreakcomplicatedthings13intosmallpieces.Oneofthosebasicsis14，foryourself，andforothers.Iteachmydaughterto15.To

61、failfeelsbad，16，butnottohavetriedfeelsworse，becauseyoucan’trespectyourselfforit.Andasthesaying17，“Ifyoudon’trespectyourself，nooneelsewill.” WhenIwassevenoreight，Iplayedatmycousin’shousewithhistoys.Hisfamilywasbetteroffthanmine，andhehadmanymoretoys.Therewasone18thatI’dalwayswanted，andI19itintomypock

62、et.Butamomentlater，I20，evenatthatage，thatIwouldneverenjoyplayingwiththetoy.IwouldalwaysknowIhad21，andmyopinionofmyselfwould22.Whenhismotherdroppedmeofflaterthatday，Ishamefacedly23outthetoyandgaveitback.Sheknew，I’msure，whathadhappened，24shethankedmeandneverspokeofitagain. Ihopetohelpmydaughteravoids

63、imilar25.Shefirsthastogainself-respect26shecanstartrespectingothers.Ibelieveinrespect，because27itwe’reallenemies.I’mnot28inthisregard，farfromit.ButItrymybest，andIrespectothersfortryingtheirbestinthischangingworld. 語篇解讀　這是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。文章作者通過自己成長過程中的親身經(jīng)歷，教育自己的女兒，在開始尊重其他人之前，首先要獲得自尊。 9．A.funnier B．easi

64、er C．safer D．deeper 答案　B 解析　根據(jù)上文中的“WhenIwasyoung，myunderstandingoflifewassimple.”可知，這讓“我”更容易與周圍的世界打交道。funnier更滑稽的；easier更容易的；safer更安全的；deeper更深的。故選B。 10．A.important B．a(chǎn)wkward C．fragile D．complex 答案　D 解析　根據(jù)后面的“whichmadelifemorechallenging”可知，隨著“我”長大，事情似乎變得更加復雜。important重要的；awkward尷尬的；fragile易碎

65、的；complex復雜的。故選D。 11．A.view B．experience C．a(chǎn)im D．expectation 答案　A 解析　句意為：現(xiàn)在，中年了，我發(fā)現(xiàn)我的世界觀正在回歸簡單。view觀點；experience經(jīng)歷；aim目的；expectation期待。故選A。 12．A.basics B．facts C．subjects D．choices 答案　A 解析　根據(jù)下文中的“Oneofthosebasicsis”可知，這里意思是“我”試著教“我”女兒重要的生活基礎知識。basic基礎知識；fact事實；subject科目；choice選擇。故選A。 13．A.a

66、way B．off C．down D．out 答案　C 解析　句意為：當我試圖教我女兒重要的生活基礎知識時，我會把復雜的東西分解成小塊。breakdowninto分解成……，為固定短語。故選C。 14．A.passion B．love C．respect D．desire 答案　C 解析　根據(jù)下文中的“becauseyoucan’trespectyourselfforit”可知，這里意思是：其中一個基本要素就是尊重。passion激情；love愛；respect尊重；desire欲望。故選C。 15．A.forgive B．a(chǎn)ccept C．share D．try 答案　D 解析　根據(jù)下文中的“butnottohavetriedfeelsworse”可知，這里意思是“我”教女兒去嘗試。forgive原諒；accept接受；share分享；try嘗試。故選D。 16．A.certainly B．eventually C．personally D．willingly 答案　A 解析　句意為：當然，失敗讓人感覺很糟糕，但沒有嘗試讓人感覺更糟，因為你無法為此尊重自