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1、題型組合訓(xùn)練十（A） 閱讀理解 　　閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出最佳選項。 A (2018安徽安慶二模) Famous Modern Chinese Buildings Beijing International Airport The first place most visitors see when they arrive in China is Beijing International Airport. The airport was constructed in the 1950s. It has an indoor garden, a c

2、hildren’s playground, and over 70 food businesses in Terminal 3 alone. Shanghai World Financial Center Completed in 2008, SWFC took over 10 years to complete due to financial shortages and construction delays. Since its completion, it has won countless architectural awards. Tourists are welcome a

3、t SWFC’s viewing platform, which at 474 meters above ground is the world’s highest closed viewing platform. The Water Cube It was constructed for use during the Beijing 2008 Summer Olympics. Now visitors can express surprise at the architecture of the building. They can enjoy the indoor atmosphere

4、 as well. Among the offerings of the Water Cube are a restaurant and bar, a shopping area, and Water World, a family water park. The Bird’s Nest, Beijing It was designed mainly for the 2008 Summer Olympics. It can hold up to 80,000 people and has been used for a winter theme park. Nowadays, its m

5、ain income is as a tourist attraction. It draws more than 20,000 tourists every day. National Center for the Performing Arts It was completed in 2007. The building is surrounded by a man-made lake, requiring guests to enter via an underground hallway. It is home to an Opera Hall, Music Hall, and T

6、heater. 1.Which of the following buildings was first constructed? A.Beijing International Airport. B.Shanghai World Financial Center. C.The Water Cube. D.The Bird’s Nest, Beijing. 2.Why was the construction of Shanghai World Financial Center delayed? A.It needed more construction workers. B.

7、It was short of adequate money. C.It added an extra viewing platform. D.It faced too much terrible weather. 3.How does the Bird’s Nest operate daily? A.By renting the winter theme park. B.By increasing its opening time. C.By charging tourists for admission fees. D.By giving some live concerts

8、. 4.What can you do in the National Center for the Performing Arts? A.Enjoy sports events. B.Play musical instruments. C.Attend science lectures. D.Watch different performances. 答案　 [語篇解讀]　本文介紹了五個著名的中國現(xiàn)代建筑。 1.A　細節(jié)理解題?？v觀題目中所給的四個著名的中國現(xiàn)代建筑可知Beijing International Airport(The airport was construc

9、ted in the 1950s.)是最早的建筑。故選A項。 2.B　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Shanghai World Financial Center中Completed in 2008, SWFC took over 10 years to complete due to financial shortages and construction delays.可知,由于資金短缺,上海環(huán)球金融中心的建設(shè)拖延。根據(jù)句意可知選B。 3.C　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)The Bird’s Nest, Beijing中Nowadays, its main income is as a tourist attr

10、action.可知,鳥巢向游客收取入場費來維持日常運作。根據(jù)句意可知答案為C。 4.D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)National Center for the Performing Arts中It is home to an Opera Hall, Music Hall, and Theater.可知在那里人們可以觀看不同的演出。故選D。 B 　　Cakan is a successful businessman from Montenegro, who has earned himself nicknames(昵稱)like “the best boss” and “Brother” by

11、 being surprisingly generous to his employees. Cakan, who owns “Cakan Sports”, the largest sporting goods store chain in Montenegro, has been making news headlines for years, but not for his professional success. He is best known for the generosity he shows to his faithful and hard-working employee

12、s. The businessman firmly believes that his company can boom(繁榮) only if he keeps his employees happy, and to that end, he has offered the best of them some pretty unbelievable presents. Cakan first surprised his workers back in 2012, when he offered four of them brand new cars—2 VW Golf 6 and 2 VW

13、 polo—complete with paid insurance. They were some of the oldest and most hard-working employees of Cakan Sports, and since the company had recently moved its operations outside the city, Cakan thought his best people shouldn’t have to struggle to get to work. “When we saw them, we were speechless,”

14、 Danijela, one of the receivers, remembers. “While the boss was saying ‘this is a gift for you’, all I could think of was ‘this is not real;this can’t be happening to us’.” But this was just one of the generous ways Cakan has rewarded his employees over the years. In 2014, after hearing that one of

15、his workers had been saving up his paychecks so he could buy a ticket to the World Cup soccer final, in Brazil, he took him there himself, at his own expense. Asked why he doesn’t use cheaper means of motivating his employees, like a small raise or a cash bonus, Cakan had this to say, “Money comes

16、and goes, but memories are forever.” Asked why many of his employees call him “Brother”, Cakan told a reporter that it was because “brothers always help each other”. 5.What is Cakan best noted for? A.His frequent headline news for years. B.His great success in his business. C.His extreme generos

17、ity to his employees. D.His largest sporting goods store chain. 6.Why did Cakan offer his four best workers new cars? A.To make them travel to work easily. B.To reward their creative ideas in work. C.To encourage them to get to work earlier. D.To help them reduce traffic expenses. 7.Which of

18、the following can be the best title for the text? A.A Smart Businessman B.A Considerate Employer C.Hard-Working Employees D.Unbelievable Presents 答案　 [語篇解讀]　本文向人們介紹了黑山共和國一個叫Cakan的體育用品公司老板,他堪稱是最慷慨體貼的老板,他有著自己獨特的調(diào)動員工積極性的方式。 5.C　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Cakan is a successful businessman from Montenegro, who ha

19、s earned himself nicknames(昵稱)like “the best boss” and “Brother” by being surprisingly generous to his employees.可知,Cakan以對員工非常慷慨而著名。故選C項。 6.A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中...Cakan thought his best people shouldn’t have to struggle to get to work.可知,Cakan把新汽車提供給最好的員工是為了讓他們輕松地去上班。故選A項。 7.B　主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段Cakan is a suc

20、cessful businessman from Montenegro, who has earned himself nicknames(昵稱)like “the best boss” and “Brother” by being surprisingly generous to his employees.可知,本文敘述的是一位體貼的老板。故選B項。 C (2018課標(biāo)全國Ⅰ) We may think we’re a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny

21、and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices(裝置) well after they go out of style. That’s bad news for the environment—and our wallets—as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things. To figure out how much power these devices are u

22、sing, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life—from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved sinc

23、e the early 1990s. Devices were grouped by generation. Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and box-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smartphones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002, before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007. As we accumulat

24、ed more devices, however, we didn’t throw out our old ones. “The living-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids’ room, and suddenly one day, you have a TV in every room of the house,”said one researcher. The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 t

25、o 13 in 2007. We’re not just keeping these old devices—we continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitt’s team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions(排放) more than doubling

26、 during the 1992 to 2007 window. So what’s the solution(解決方案)?The team’s data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. The

27、y found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 8.What does the author think of new devices? A.They are environment-friendly. B.They are no better than the old. C.They cost more to use at hom

28、e. D.They go out of style quickly. 9.Why did Babbitt’s team conduct the research? A.To reduce the cost of minerals. B.To test the life cycle of a product. C.To update consumers on new technology. D.To find out electricity consumption of the devices. 10.Which of the following uses the least en

29、ergy? A.The box-set TV. B.The tablet. C.The LCD TV. D.The desktop computer. 11.What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices? A.Stop using them. B.Take them apart. C.Upgrade them. D.Recycle them. 答案　 [語篇解讀]　我們也許認為當(dāng)新的科技產(chǎn)品出現(xiàn)時,人們會將已經(jīng)落后、過時的東西拋棄,但研究發(fā)現(xiàn)事實并非如此。陳舊

30、的產(chǎn)品仍然被使用著,但是使用起來消耗的能源多、污染大,的確應(yīng)該及時淘汰。 8.A　推理判斷題。本題題干意為:作者認為新裝置怎么樣?根據(jù)第一段最后一句可知,繼續(xù)使用過時的裝置對環(huán)境和我們的錢包都不是好消息,因為它們與新裝置相比,做相同的事情會消耗更多的能源。由此可判斷,作者認為新裝置有利于環(huán)保。 9.D　細節(jié)理解題。本題題干意為:為什么Babbitt的團隊要進行這項研究?根據(jù)第二段第一句可知,為了弄清楚這些設(shè)備消耗多少電量,Babbitt和同事們持續(xù)跟蹤每個產(chǎn)品在其使用周期內(nèi)的環(huán)境成本。D項意為“為了查清這些裝置耗費的電量?！?與文章內(nèi)容一致。 10.B　細節(jié)理解題。本題題干意為:以下哪種

31、裝置耗能最少?根據(jù)第一段可知新裝置耗費的能量較少,而第二段則指出與其他幾種裝置相比,tablets(平板電腦)出現(xiàn)的時間最晚,為最新的科技產(chǎn)品,而且最后一段指出,tablets具有多種功能,比電視和臺式電腦消耗的能量少,故B項正確。 11.A　推理判斷題。本題題干意為:文章建議人們?nèi)绾翁幚黻惻f的電子設(shè)備?最后一段講到了解決方案,本段指出,研究人員探索了消費者用有多種功能的電子產(chǎn)品替換陳舊產(chǎn)品后的結(jié)果。由最后一句可知,用平板電腦代替電視和臺式電腦來收看娛樂節(jié)目,會減少44%的能源消耗。由此可知文章建議人們不要再使用陳舊的電子設(shè)備,故A項正確。 D The year 3700, Earth

32、is far too hot for any human to call it home. On this planet at least, man is nothing more than a memory—if there is anything left to remember the “wise man”. But what about our wisdom—will any of it survive us? The conventional answer is no. Knowledge requires a knower, and there will be no knowin

33、g minds around then. But if information survives, perhaps in books or hard drives, maybe the knowledge isn’t quite dead but dormant(休眠), ready to become alive with the help of other minds that develop over time or come to visit Earth in the distant future. At first sight, that seems to be reasonabl

34、e: after all, we have done similar things with past knowledge. For example, we saved an ancient computer from a ship destroyed at sea off the southern coast of Greece, and succeeded in finding the meaning of Egyptian hieroglyphics(象形文字). Careful work can bring previously lost wisdom back to life.?

35、However, the key point is that there is certain cultural continuity with those ancient times that allows us to reason and make progress in the dark: we know we are dealing with the legacy(遺產(chǎn))of other humans. Without that link, the survival of objects and raw data doesn’t guarantee the survival of kn

36、owledge. And a lack of continuity in language with any future intelligence would be a barrier. Knowledge is closely connected with language. When a language dies out, we can lose systems of reasoning that they contain. If that’s lost, then it can’t be recovered. All this means that other minds migh

37、t not be able to fully make human knowledge alive when we are gone. It is better to concentrate on not dying out in the first place. 12.How many opinions are mentioned in Para. 2? A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four. 13.What does the underlined phrase “similar things” in Para. 3 probably ref

38、er to? A.Making lost wisdom alive again. B.Rescuing disappearing knowledge. C.Preserving future knowledge. D.Gaining new knowledge. 14.How can we make knowledge survive? A.We know a lot about human beings. B.We learn ways to draw conclusions. C.We have certain cultural continuity. D.We prot

39、ect the legacy of other humans. 15.What’s mainly talked about in the text? A.Can human beings live on? B.Will our knowledge survive us? C.What will the earth be like in the future? D.How can we protect our culture? 答案　 [語篇解讀]　本文講述的是當(dāng)人類滅亡后,知識還會存活嗎?若干年后我們?nèi)祟惖闹腔蹠鞘裁礃幼幽? 12.B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的Knowled

40、ge requires a knower, and there will be no knowing minds around then. But if information survives,..., ready to become alive with the help of other minds that develop over time or come to visit Earth in the distant future.可知,在第二段中提出了兩種觀點:那個時候可能會沒有能認知的大腦;或者在其他大腦的幫助下復(fù)活。故選B項。 13.A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中第二、三句話:F

41、or example, we saved an ancient computer from a ship...and succeeded in finding the meaning of Egyptian hieroglyphics(象形文字). Careful work can bring previously lost wisdom back to life.可知,細心的工作可以讓以前失去的智慧恢復(fù)過來。由此可知畫線部分的意思是“讓失去的智慧復(fù)活”,故選A項。 14.C　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句However, the key point is that there is cert

42、ain cultural continuity with those ancient times that allows us to reason and make progress in the dark: we know we are dealing with the legacy(遺產(chǎn))of other humans.可知,我們有一定的文化延續(xù)性能使知識幸存。故選C項。 15.B　主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段The year 3700, Earth is far too hot for any human to call it home. On this planet at least, man is nothing more than a memory—if there is anything left to remember the “wise man”. But what about our wisdom—will any of it survive us?可知,本文講述的是,人類滅亡后,知識還會存活嗎?根據(jù)句意可知答案為B項。 10