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1、第一節(jié) 語(yǔ)法填空 A (2019·鄭州四校聯(lián)考)Can you imagine making a structure (結(jié)構(gòu)體) out of toothpicks that is strong enough 1.____________ (hold) up a student's desk? I can't. But because of such a school project Stan Munro 2.____________ (throw) into his career as a “toothpick engineer” years ago. One wint

2、er break in primary school, my brother's schoolwork was writing thank-you notes while 3.____________ (I) was making a hut out of toothpicks! Facing a pile of toothpicks, I still remember I was totally at 4.____________ loss what to do next. Under some guidance of my father, I started the 5._____

3、_______ (pain) task. Finally, the countless toothpicks became a whole structure with everything 6.____________ (stick) together by glue. Though the process took a lot of patience and was rough for me, there were no words to describe the sense of 7.____________ (proud) after finishing it. Impor

4、tantly, that helped me find I was better at other things, like writing and playing the piano. 8.____________ Stan Munro, I wasn't born to be a toothpick engineer! Isn't it great that the school provides us with the chance to try different things, 9.____________ gets us to discover our unknown ta

5、lents? It's amazing to find what we try in school helps us figure out what we 10.____________ (true) want to do when growing up. [語(yǔ)篇解讀]　本文是一篇記敘文。作者在小學(xué)時(shí)，做一項(xiàng)“用牙簽搭建小屋”的手工作業(yè)，在體會(huì)到這一過(guò)程的不易和成功帶來(lái)的自豪后，也發(fā)現(xiàn)了自己真正的長(zhǎng)處所在。 1．解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處為“主語(yǔ)＋be＋adj.＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，不定式與句子的主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故用to hold。 答案：to hold 2．解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)

6、。根據(jù)句中表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)可知，此處要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；throw“使處于，使陷入”與主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 答案：was thrown 3．解析：考查代詞。while連接兩個(gè)表示對(duì)比的分句，對(duì)比的是作者哥哥的功課和作者的功課，此處用名詞性物主代詞mine指代my schoolwork。 答案：mine 4．解析：考查冠詞。此處意為“我全然不知下一步要做什么”。at a loss“不知所措，困惑”為固定搭配。 答案：a 5．解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)后面的task可知，空處應(yīng)用形容詞修飾名詞。 答案：painful 6．解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處是with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)后面

7、的by glue可知，此處表示“被粘在一起”，stick與everything是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)。 答案：stuck 7．解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)前面的of和語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示“自豪感”，空處應(yīng)填名詞pride。 答案：pride 8．解析：考查介詞。上文提到Stan Munro是一個(gè)牙簽工程師，空前一句提到這次作業(yè)幫助作者認(rèn)識(shí)到他更擅長(zhǎng)其他的事情，比如寫作和彈鋼琴(而不擅長(zhǎng)用牙簽制作東西)。故此處應(yīng)表示“不像Stan Munro，我不是當(dāng)牙簽工程師的料”。故填介詞Unlike。 答案：Unlike 9．解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)

8、從句，先行詞是前面的the chance，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，故用which。 答案：which 10．解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。空處修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，要用副詞truly。注意：true變副詞時(shí)要去e再加-ly。 答案：truly B (2019·合肥高三第三次檢測(cè))Some people are great at remembering faces. Once they meet you, they never forget how you look, while for other people, remembering a face is 1.____________ (simple)

9、 impossible. Such people have a condition of the brain called “face blindness”， 2.____________ actual name is developmental prosopagnosia (人面失認(rèn)癥), or DP for short. There was a time when face blindness 3.____________ (think) to be rare. But recent 4.____________ (study) have shown that it might be

10、more common than experts had thought. The latest study on face blindness came from Duchaine, 5.____________ professor of psychological and brain sciences at Dartmouth College. He wanted to find out 6.____________ the testees could recognize pictures of famous people or not. So he used fMRI to measur

11、e activities in their brains. An fMRI can identify chemical and other changes 7.____________ (result) from blood flow. Results showed that when 8.____________ (show) famous faces, the testees drew a blank with them. But they could identify the actor who has one specific feature, such as his special

12、 chin or moustache. Duchaine said this study 9.____________ (it) would not directly lead to any treatments. However, he said it could lead to a much 10.____________ (deep) understanding of how we remember the world around us. [語(yǔ)篇解讀]　本文介紹了有關(guān)臉盲癥的相關(guān)信息，以及有關(guān)臉盲癥的最新研究，該研究有助于我們對(duì)如何記住我們周圍的世界有一個(gè)更深的了解。 1．解析：

13、考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。修飾形容詞應(yīng)用副詞，故用副詞simply修飾其后的impossible。 答案：simply 2．解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，作actual name的定語(yǔ)，所以正確答案是whose。 答案：whose 3．解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)該句中的“There was a time”可知，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是sth.be thought to be結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“某物被認(rèn)為……”。且主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)，故填was thought。 答案：was thought 4．解析：考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)空前的“recent”以及空

14、后的“have shown”可知，此處應(yīng)用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，所以正確答案是studies。 答案：studies 5．解析：考查冠詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，________ professor of psychological and brain sciences是Duchaine的同位語(yǔ)，此處泛指一位教授，故用不定冠詞；且professor的發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭，所以正確答案是a。 答案：a 6．解析：考查賓語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，同時(shí)結(jié)合句意及句末的or not可知，連接詞應(yīng)是whether或if。所以正確答案是whether/if。 答案：whether/if 7

15、．解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句已經(jīng)有謂語(yǔ)can identify，故此處應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，又因changes與result from為主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)，所以正確答案是resulting。 答案：resulting 8．解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，when引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句，空處為the testees were shown的省略形式，所以正確答案是shown。 答案：shown 9．解析：考查反身代詞。根據(jù)句意并分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處作this study的同位語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用反身代詞，所以正確答案是itself。 答案：itself 10．解析：考

16、查形容詞的比較級(jí)。根據(jù)空前的“a much”以及空后的“understanding”可知，空處應(yīng)用形容詞的比較級(jí)，表示對(duì)于如何記住我們周圍的世界有一個(gè)更深的了解，所以正確答案是deeper。 答案：deeper C (2019·武昌區(qū)三月檢測(cè))Whether they are playing on our TV screens or printed in newspapers, advertisements are everywhere. They 1.____________ (appear) since the 18th and 19th century when advanc

17、es in printing techniques allowed more detailed images 2.____________ (produce) in newspapers and magazines. Advertising often serves as an indicator for 3.____________ society considers to be socially acceptable and desirable at the time. In spite of being designed to sell 4.____________ adverti

18、se something, some ads can even have a 5.____________ (tend) to become part of a society's dialect. For example, in the UK, if someone describes themselves 6.____________ a “Marmite Person”， this means that you may either love them or hate them, 7.____________ (base) on the British food Marmite'

19、s slogan, “Love it or hate it.” The average person living in a city sees thousands of ads every single day. It seems that ads are a 8.____________ (big) part of everyday life than we think they are. Instead of finding them 9.____________ (trouble), however, at least we can be assured th

20、at future generations will have an interesting way to see how we lived—no matter how 10.____________ (great) today's world may change to them. [語(yǔ)篇解讀]　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。廣告在我們生活中無(wú)處不在，本文主要講述了廣告的歷史及其特點(diǎn)。 1．解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句中的“since the 18th and 19th century”可知，此處since是介詞，與完成時(shí)連用；結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 答案：have appeare

21、d 2．解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和語(yǔ)態(tài)。allow sb./sth. to do sth.“允許某人/某物做某事”為固定用法；又因動(dòng)詞produce和其主語(yǔ)detailed images為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故填to be produced。 答案：to be produced 3．解析：考查賓語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，作介詞for的賓語(yǔ)，表示“……的事物”，故用what。 答案：what 4．解析：考查連詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處前后兩部分是選擇關(guān)系，故用連詞or。 答案：or 5．解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)空前的冠詞“a”可知，此處應(yīng)該用tend的名詞形式。 答

22、案：tendency 6．解析：考查介詞。describe...as...，“把……描述成……”為固定用法。 答案：as 7．解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。be based on“以……為基礎(chǔ)”為固定用法，故用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞形式。 答案：based 8．解析：考查形容詞的比較級(jí)。根據(jù)該句中的“than”可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞的比較級(jí)。 答案：bigger 9．解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。find sb./sth.＋adj.“發(fā)現(xiàn)某人/某物(處于某狀態(tài))”為固定用法，故用trouble的形容詞形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。 答案：troublesome 10．解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。修飾動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用副詞，故用greatly “極大地”修飾動(dòng)詞change。 答案：greatly - 5 -