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1、 Unit 4　Global warming [寫得準] [用得活] [積得多] 1.random adj.　　胡亂的；任意的 2.range n. 種類；范圍 3.average adj. 平均的 4.subscribe vi. 同意；捐贈；訂閱 　 　　　　vt. 簽署(文件)；捐助 5.catastrophe n. 大災難；浩劫 6.electrical adj. 電的；與電有關的 7.circumstance n. 環(huán)境；情況 8.refresh vt. 使恢復；使振作 9.advocate vt. 擁護；提倡；主張 10

2、.pollution n．污染；弄臟→pollute vt.污染 11.tendency n．傾向；趨勢→tend vi.趨向；易于；照顧 vt.照顧；護理 12.oppose vt.反對；反抗；與(某人)較量→opposed adj.反對的；對立的 13.consequence n．結(jié)果；后果；影響→consequent adj.隨之發(fā)生的；作為結(jié)果的→consequently adv.因此；所以 14.state vt.陳述；說明→statement n．說明；說法；表白 15.existence n．生存；存在→exist vi.存在 16.contribution n．貢

3、獻→contribute v．貢獻；撰稿 17.consume vt.消費；消耗；耗盡；吃完→consumer n．顧客 18.phenomenon n．現(xiàn)象→phenomena pl.現(xiàn)象 用所給詞的適當形式填空 1.At first he was opposed (oppose) to the scheme, but we managed to argue him into accepting it. 2.In consequence (consequent) of your bad work I am forced to dismiss you. 3.Waste water

4、from the factory is the main cause of the pollution (pollute)． 4.It was stated that the president made a_statement announcing new policies to deal with the new situation.(state) 5.They have contributed a lot of food and clothing to the refugees (難民) so far and their contributions will certainly he

5、lp the refugees live through the winter.(contribute) 6.Many people do not believe the existence of the ghosts. Some young children doubt whether there exist all kinds of ghosts in the world.(existence) 7.The storm tends to hit our city, and we will observe the tendency of it closely.(tend) 8.The

6、air conditioners of this type consume too much electricity. Many consumers complain about this.(consume) 1.“普通的”形容詞種種 ①average　平均的；普通的 ②common 常見的；普通的 ③normal 正常的；普通的 ④ordinary 平常的；普通的 2.與“災難”有關的名詞集錦 ①catastrophe　 大災難 ②disaster 災難 ③earthquake 地震 ④flood 洪災 ⑤tsunami 海嘯 ⑥drought 旱災

7、 ⑦survivor 幸存者 ⑧victim 受難者 3.與“電”有關的單詞薈萃 ①electrical adj. 電的；與電有關的 ②electricity n. 電；電流 ③electric adj. 電的；電動的 ④electronic adj. 電子的 ⑤electrics n. 電學 ⑥electrician n. 電工；電學家 4.名詞變復數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化 ①phenomenon→phenomena現(xiàn)象 ②medium→media媒體 ③crisis→crises危機 ④criterion→criteria標準 ⑤datum→data數(shù)據(jù)

8、 ⑥bacterium→bacteria細菌 [寫得準] [用得活] [積得多] e_about　　發(fā)生；造成 2.subscribe_to 同意；贊成；訂購 3.quantities_of 大量的 4.go_up 上升；增長；升起 5.result_in 導致 6.be_opposed_to 反對……；與……對立 7.even_if 即使 8.keep_on 繼續(xù) 9.on_the_whole 大體上；基本上 10.on_behalf_of 代表……一方；作為……的代言人 11.put_up_with 忍受；容忍 12.so/a

9、s_long_as 只要 13.and_so_on 等等 選用左欄短語填空 1.The traffic accident resulted from the driver’s carelessness, resulting_in the death of 3 people. 2.With the house prices going_up,_more and more people can’t afford an apartment. 3.It is the teacher as well as the students who subscribes_to the idea th

10、at we should do something for the poor old man. 4.We are still wondering how it came_about that the experiment ended in failure. 5.What I can’t put_up_with is that he never cares about others’ feelings. 1.“be＋v.-ed＋to”結(jié)構(gòu)的短語面面觀 wish you a pleasant journey back to your country. ①be opposed to　　

11、反對…… ②be attached to 附屬于；喜歡 ③be accustomed to 習慣于 ④be addicted to 沉溺于 ⑤be devoted to 奉獻；致力于 ⑥be sentenced to 被判處…… 2.“動詞＋up with”結(jié)構(gòu)的短語一覽 ①put up with　　　忍耐；忍受；熬過 ②keep up with 與……同步；跟上 (強調(diào)狀態(tài)) ③catch up with 跟上(強調(diào)動作) ④end up with 以……結(jié)束 ⑤come up with 提出；想出 [背原句] [記句式] [會仿用

12、] 1.There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer ... 毫無疑問，地球正在變暖…… There is no doubt that ...“毫無疑問……”，that引導同位語從句。 毫無疑問，你們提供的交流生活動非常有意義。 There_is_no_doubt_that the exchanging student program offered by you is very meaningful. 2.Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and

13、other greenhouse gases, the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries. 即使我們開始減少二氧化碳和其他溫室氣體的含量，在未來幾十年或幾個世紀內(nèi)，氣候仍會持續(xù)轉(zhuǎn)暖。 even if/though “即使；盡管”，引導讓步狀語從句。 盡管我們都盡最大的努力去說服Dean，但是他依然拒絕參加這場比賽。 Dean still refused to join in the game, even_if/though_we_all_did_our_best to persuade him.

14、3.It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it — if not, turn it off！ 只要你在使用電器設備，你可以讓它開著，如果不用就把它關掉！ so/as long as “只要”，引導條件狀語從句。 只要我們不失去信心，繼續(xù)努力，我們一定能克服困難，實現(xiàn)目標。 So/As_long_as_we_don’t_lose_heart and keep on trying, we are sure to get over difficulties, and achieve our

15、aims. 1．oppose vt.反對；反抗；與(某人)較量 [經(jīng)典例句]　She remained bitterly opposed to the idea of moving abroad.(牛津P1209) 她仍然強烈反對移居國外。 (1)oppose (one’s) doing sth.　　　反對(某人)做某事 (2)opposed adj. 反對的；對立的 be opposed to (one’s) doing sth. 反對(某人)做某事 (3)opposite n. 相反的人或事物 　　　 adj. 相反的；對立的 ①Many ol

16、d men oppose cutting (cut) down the 100-year-old tree for rebuilding a shopping center. 許多老人反對為重建一個購物中心而砍掉這棵百年老樹。 ②Strangely, Mr. Green, also opposed (oppose) to the new policy, made no remark in the discussion. 令人奇怪的是，格林先生在討論中沒作任何評論，他也是反對這項新政策的。 ③Good habits always lead to high efficiency, whil

17、e bad ones bring the opposite (oppose)．(2013·四川高考書面表達) 良好的習慣總是產(chǎn)生較高的效率，而壞的習慣則相反。 [名師指津]　(1)oppose后跟表示動作的詞作賓語時，后面要用動名詞形式。be opposed to結(jié)構(gòu)中，to是介詞，其后也要用動詞的-ing形式。 (2)表示反對的其他表達：disagree with, object to, be against 等。 2．range n．種類；范圍；幅度；界限v.(在一定范圍內(nèi))變動；變化；排列 [高考佳句]　In addition to these traditional acti

18、vities, we have a wider range of choices such as travelling and visiting friends.(2013·遼寧高考書面表達) 除了這些傳統(tǒng)的活動外，我們有多種選擇，比如旅游、訪友等活動。 (1)a wide range of　　　　　一系列…… in/within range 在射程以內(nèi)；在范圍內(nèi) beyond/out of range 在射程外；在范圍外 beyond/out of one’s range 某人能力達不到的 (2)range from ...to ...

19、 在……范圍內(nèi)變動；包括 由……到……之間的各類事物 range between ...and ... 在……和……范圍內(nèi)變動 ①It is important for students to make the most of their different learning environments and acquire a_wide_range_of knowledge. 對于學生來說，充分利用不同的學習環(huán)境，廣泛涉獵知識，這十分重要。 ②The price of the house is so high that it is well beyond/out_o

20、f_our_range. 這棟房子的價格太高了，遠遠超過了我們能承受的范圍。 ③He has a number of interests, ranging (range) from playing chess to swimming. 他的愛好很多，從下棋到游泳。 3．a(chǎn)verage adj.平均的；普通的；平常的 n．平均數(shù)；一般水準v.平均為；計算出……的平均數(shù) [教材原句]　The greenhouse effect gives the earth’s surface the average temperature of 15℃. 溫室效應導致地球表面的平均溫度達到15℃。

21、 (1)an average of　　　　　　　平均有(后跟數(shù)詞) (2)on (the) average 平均起來 above/below (the) average 在平均水平以上/以下 (3)average out 算出平均數(shù) ①Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving license reached 200,000, an_average_of 40,000 per year. 去年畢業(yè)時就有駕照的學生數(shù)量已達到二十萬，平均每年四萬。

22、②Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68℃ above_(the)_average.(2015·重慶高考單選) 去年是有史以來最暖和的一年，全球溫度比平均值高出0.68 攝氏度。 ③On average, there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year, causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries. 美國平均每年有800場龍卷風，導致約80人死亡，1 500人受傷。 4．a(chǎn)dvocate vt.擁護；提倡

23、；主張n.提倡者；擁護者 [教材原句]　However, I still think people should advocate improvements in the way we use energy today. 然而，我依然認為人們應該提倡改進我們今天這種使用能源的方式。 advocate sth./doing sth.　　　　主張(做)某事 advocate that ...(should) do sth. 主張；提倡……做某事 an advocate of ……的提倡者 ①Many experts advocate rewarding

24、 (reward) your child for good behaviour. 很多專家主張對小孩的良好表現(xiàn)加以獎勵。 ②Others advocated that we (should)_encourage (encourage) more and more people to wear traditional clothes. 另外一些人主張我們應該鼓勵越來越多的人穿傳統(tǒng)服裝。 5．quantity n．量；數(shù)量；數(shù)目 [教材原句]　The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide in

25、to the atmosphere. 當我們向空氣中排放大量的多余的二氧化碳的時候，問題就開始了。 (1)a (large) quantity of　　　　　大量的 quantities of＋ 許多的；大量的 in quantity 大量的 (2)quality n. 質(zhì)量 ①As far as I’m concerned, it is quality_rather_than_quantity that really counts. 就我個人而言，重要的是質(zhì)量而不是數(shù)量。 ②Before the exam, I spent a_large_quantity_of_tim

26、e in preparing for it. Otherwise, I wouldn’t have succeeded in passing the exam.(2014·四川高考書面表達) 在考試前，我花了大量的時間做準備。否則，我不會成功地通過考試。 ③As a result of destroying the forests, a large quantity of desert has_covered (cover) the land. 由于破壞了森林，大量的沙漠覆蓋了陸地。 [名師指津]　“a quantity of ＋名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)；而“quantitie

27、s of ＋名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。 Ⅰ.基礎點全練 單句語法填空/補全句子 1．With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth are_being_washed (wash) away each year. 2．(2011·天津高考單選)He was a good student and scored above average in most subjects. 3．I took a glance at the hall and found many familiar faces am

28、ong the audience. 4．There is a tendency (tend) for people to work at home instead of in offices. 5．Most of the students interviewed last week opposed having (have) classes on Sunday. 6．He gave me some explanations of these space phenomena (phenomenon)． 7．My teacher always reminds me that under n

29、o circumstances should_I_abandon_my_learning_goals (我應該放棄我的學習目標) once I set them. 8．The Chinese government advocates that we (should)_live_a_low-carbon_lifestyle (應該過低碳生活方式)． Ⅱ.重難點多練 range面面觀 (1)單句語法填空 ①He is the manager, hiring and firing are_within the range of his responsibilities. ②The pri

30、ce of the car ranges from 20,000 dollars to 30,000 dollars, which is beyond his range. ③The listeners are mostly middle school students, ranging (range) from 12 to 18. (2)補全句子 ④如果你參加我們的夏令營，你將有多種選擇開拓你的視野。 If you take part in our summer camp, you’ll have_a_wide_range_of_choices to broaden your hor

31、izons. Ⅲ.閱讀詞匯專練 根據(jù)語境選出動詞subscribe的詞義 (A)訂閱　　　　　　　　　　(B)簽署(文件) (C)贊助；定期捐款 (D)同意 1．I was unwilling to subscribe to the contract, but it seemed that I had no choice.__B__ 2．Don’t go and ask for her idea about our plan. Never will she subscribe to it for the trip.__D__ 3．I’d like to subs

32、cribe to some magazines useful for our work.__A__ 4．They subscribe to the Hope Project, which aims to help children return to school.__C__ 1．result in導致 [教材原句]　They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide. 他們還贊同下述

33、觀點：正是由于越來越多的燃燒化石燃料導致了二氧化碳的增加。 result from　　　　　　由……造成；因……而產(chǎn)生 as a result 結(jié)果 as a result of 由于……的結(jié)果 without result 沒有結(jié)果；白費 ①The number of cars is increasing very rapidly, thus resulting (result) in some social problems. 小汽車的數(shù)量在迅速增加，結(jié)果導致了諸多社會問題。 ②As we all know, h

34、is success resulted from his hard work. 眾所周知，努力工作使他取得了成功。 ③The exam was of vital importance for me; as_a_result,_I had no choice but to completely focus on my study.(2013·山東高考寫作) 這次考試對我來說非常重要，因此，我別無選擇只好集中全部精力學習。 2．put up with容忍；忍受 [教材原句]　We do not have to put up with pollution. 我們沒有必要忍受污染。 pu

35、t aside 　　　　　　節(jié)?。粌π?；儲存 put away 收起來 put forward 提出建議；把……向前撥 put off 延期；推遲 put out 熄滅；撲滅 put through 接通電話 put up 建造；張貼；供給……住宿 ①I can put_up_with the house being untidy, but I hate it if it’s not clean.(2011·新課標全國卷單選) 我可

36、以容忍房間里不整齊，但是我討厭房間里臟。 ②We are trying to put_aside some money every month for our vacation. 我們正盡量每月存些錢以供度假用。 ③He decided that he would drive back to town instead of putting_up for the night at the hotel. 他決定開車回鎮(zhèn)上，不在旅館過夜。 [聯(lián)想發(fā)散]　表示“容忍；忍受”的詞語還有哪些？ stand,_tolerate,_bear等。 3．It is OK to leave an el

37、ectrical appliance on so_long_as you are using it — if not, turn it off! 只要你在使用電器設備，你可以讓它開著，如果不用就把它關掉！ so/as long as “只要”，引導條件狀語從句。 as long as還可表示“與……一樣長”。 ①This proves that so/as_long_as_we_have_a_strong_will,_we’ll be able to get over any difficulty.(2014·山東高考滿分作文) 這證明了只要我們有堅強的意志，我們就能夠克服任何困難。

38、 ②Don’t mind what others say so_long_as_we_are_confident_in what we have done.(2012·北京高考書面表達) 只要我們對所做的事情有信心就不要介意別人的話。 [辨析比較]　as long as, as well as, as far as, as good as 試一試　選用上述短語填空 ③We as_well_as Tom went to Hainan to spend our holiday. ④As_far_as I am concerned, I am strongly against the pl

39、an. ⑤A distant relative is not as_good_as a near neighbour. ⑥You can borrow my car as_long_as you promise not to drive too fast.(2012·江西高考單選) 辨一辨 短　語 原　意 引申義 as long as 與……一樣長 只要 as well as 與……一樣好 也；和 as far as 遠及到…… 就……而言；至于 as good as 與……一樣好 幾乎 Ⅰ.基礎點全練 1．單句語法填空 ①How did it

40、 come about that you were an hour late on such a short trip? ②The oil price has gone up again and many car owners begin to complain again. ③Please keep on doing (do) what you are doing now. ④As long as I’d done all my homework, I could go out on a Saturday night. ⑤There is no doubt that the prop

41、osal he put forward at the meeting is unacceptable. 2．短語替換(每空一詞) ①He will have to find some other work, for he can’t stand this loud noise any more. →He will have to find some other work, for he can’t put up with this loud noise any more. ②Any honest man will object to such a policy. →Any hones

42、t man will be opposed to such a policy. 3．運用所學短語完成下列語段 ①On_average (平均起來), every person in the United States consumes 65-pound beef every year, but ②quantities_of (大量的) carbon dioxide are given off in producing beef, ③resulting_in (導致) a wide range of environmental problems. We should ④be_opposed_

43、to (反對) this kind of activity. ⑤So/As_long_as (只要) we make joint efforts, all these problems will be solved. Ⅱ.重難點多練 result相關短語多棱鏡 選詞填空 result in， result from， as a result， as a result of ①There is more and more noise pollution. As_a_result,_many species are dying out. ②As_a_result_of more and

44、 more noise pollution, many species are dying out. ③More and more noise pollution has resulted_in many species dying out. ④The fact that many species are dying out results_from more and more noise pollution. Ⅰ.單句語法填空 1．We’ve seen an enormous growth (grow) in the number of businesse

45、s using the Web. 2．There is a sum of money subscribed to the relief fund. 3．The magician picked several persons at random from the audience and asked them to help him with the performance. 4．In the past, only in country areas did people tend to_believe (believe) that boys were smarter than girls,

46、 which was great prejudice against girls. 5．Advocated (advocate) by many well-known experts and film stars, the product was very popular at one time. 6．Quantities of money have_been_spent (spend) in bringing up the children since they were married. 7．The water recreation centre provides a variety

47、 of activities, ranging (range) from swimming to diving. 8．Pleasant music is often played between classes to make students refreshed (refresh) and relaxed for a while. 9．We should do our work well to make contributions (contribute) to our future, our society and our nation. 10．Success is not fina

48、l and failure is not fatal; it is the courage to continue that_counts. Ⅱ.單句改錯 1．There is some doubt that their football team will win the match.that→whether 2．I have never subscribed the view that school days are the happiest days of your life.subscribed后加to 3．He tends to losing his temper if yo

49、u don’t obey the rule.losing→lose 4．At present, a large quantity of food and water are needed in the earthquake-hit area.are→is 5．Opposing to the plan of raising prices, the public decided to go on strike on Sunday.Opposing→Opposed 6．Circumstance permitting, I’ll go abroad to study. Circumstance

50、→Circumstances Ⅲ.用本單元所學知識完成下列寫作訓練 (一)依據(jù)提示補全短文 Every day I walk along the Pearl River, I can always see lots of rubbish such as plastic bags, litter, fruit peels and_so_on (等等) floating on the river. ①There is no denying the fact that it is the rubbish that results_in (導致) the dirty water in the

51、 Pearl River. As we can see, many people keep_on (繼續(xù)) throwing rubbish even_if (即使) we call to protect the environment every day.I wonder how this sort of bad habit happens. ②On_the_whole (總的來說), I am strongly opposed to and can’t put_up_with (忍受) the behavior of this kind. On_behalf_of (代表) th

52、ose who take good care of the environment, I would like to say so/as_long_as (只要) we can behave ourselves and start from ourselves to protect the earth, we can create a beautiful environment. (二)按要求將詞匯句式升級 1．用本單元高級詞匯替換加黑單詞或短語 (1)lots of→quantities_of/a_quantity_of (2)happens→comes_about 2．按要求改寫句式 (1)用doubt句式改寫句① There_is_no_doubt_that it is the rubbish that results in the dirty water in the Pearl River. (2)用分詞作狀語改寫句② On the whole, strongly opposed_to_the_behavior_of_this_kind,_I can’t put up with it. 12