《河北省武邑中學2016屆高考英語一輪復習 Unit2 Cloning導學案 新人教版選修8》由會員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關《河北省武邑中學2016屆高考英語一輪復習 Unit2 Cloning導學案 新人教版選修8（5頁珍藏版）》請在裝配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、 河北省武邑中學2016屆高考英語一輪復習 Unit2 Cloning導學案 新人教版選修8 Reading CLONING: WHERE IS IT LEADING US? Cloning has always been with us and is here to stay. It is a way of making an exact copy of another animal or plant. It happens in plants when gardeners take cuttings from growing plants to make new ones. It

2、also happens in animals 1.________ twins identical in sex and appearance are produced from the same original egg. The fact is that these are both examples of natural clones. Cloning has two major uses. Firstly gardeners use it all the time to produce commercial quantities of plants. Secondly, it is

3、 valuable for research on new plant species and for medical research on animals. Cloning plants is straightforward 2._______ cloning animals is very complicated. It is a difficult task 3.______________ (undertake). Many attempts to clone mammals failed. But at last the determination and patience of

4、the scientists paid off in 1996 with a breakthrough — the cloning of Dolly the sheep. The procedure works like this: 1. Female sheep A provides an egg cell. 2. The nucleus is removed from the egg cell. 3. The egg cell is ready for a new nucleus. 4. Female sheep B provides a somatic cell for the

5、clone. The nucleus of this cell contains all the genes needed to produce a new sheep. 5. The nucleus is taken out of the somatic cell. 6. The nucleus from sheep B and the egg cell from sheep A are joined using electricity. 7. The cell divides and grows into an embryo. 8. The embryo is put into

6、 female sheep C, who becomes the carrier of the clone. 9. The lamb is the clone of the donated cell from Sheep B which provided the nucleus. On the one hand, the whole scientific world followed the progress of the first successful clone, Dolly the sheep. The fact that she seemed to develop normall

7、y was very 4._____________ (encourage). Then came the disturbing news 5.__________ Dolly had become seriously ill. Cloning scientists were cast down 6._________ (find) that Dolly’s illnesses were more appropriate to a much older animal. Altogether Dolly lived six and a half years, half the 7._______

8、_ (long) of the life of the original sheep. 8._________[盡管] her problems, Dolly successfully produced a lamb in a 9.___________ (nature) birth. Sadly the same arbitrary fate affected other species, such as cloned mice. The questions that concerned all scientists were: “Would this be 10._____ major d

9、ifficulty for all cloned animals? Would it happen forever? Could it be solved if corrections were made in their research procedure?” On the other hand, Dolly’s appearance raised a storm of objections and had a great impact 11._____ the media and public imagination. It became controversial. It sudde

10、nly opened everybody’s eyes to the possibility of using cloning to cure serious illnesses, 12._______ even to produce human beings. Although at present human egg cells and embryos needed for cloning research are difficult 13.____________ (obtain), newspapers wrote of evil leaders hoping to clone th

11、emselves to attain their ambitions. Religious leaders also raised moral questions. Governments became nervous and more conservative. Some began to reform their legal systems and 14.______________ (forbid) research into human cloning, but other countries like China and the UK, continued to accumulate

12、 evidence of the abundant medical aid that cloning could provide. However, scientists still wonder whether cloning will help or harm us and where it is leading us. *pick out 15 new words and translate them into Chinese Using language:THE RETURN OF THE DINOSAURS? The

13、1.______________ (possible) of cloning fierce and extinct wild animals has always excited film makers. And they are not the only ones! The _2.____________ (popular) of films such as Jurassic Park, in which a scientist clones several kinds of extinct dinosaurs, proves how the idea struck a mixture of

14、 fear and excitement into people’s hearts. But in fact we are a long way from 3._____ (be) able to clone extinct animals. Scientists are still experimenting with cloning mammals. This is because the cloning of mammals is still a new science and its story only began seriously in the 1950s as this lis

15、t shows: 1950s cloning of frogs 1970s research using the embryos of mice 1979 work on embryos of sheep and mice 1981 first experimental clones of mice 1983 first experimental clones of cows 1996 first clone of a mammal: Dolly the sheep 2000 cow gave birth to a bison 2001 China’s first

16、 cloned twin calves 2002 first cloned cats 2005 first cloned dog From time to time people suggest that extinct animals like dinosaurs, can possibly 4.____________ （bring） back to life through cloning. 5.______________ (fortunate), with what we know now, this is either impossible ____ unsuitab

17、le. There are many reasons. The initial requirement is that you need perfect DNA which gives information for how cells are to grow. All efforts of cloning an animal will be in vain if there is not enough diversity in the group to overcome illnesses. Diversity in a group means having animals with t

18、heir genes arranged in different ways. The advantage is that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die, others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation. The great drawback to cloning a group of animals is that they would all have the same arran

19、gement of genes and so might die of the same illness. Then none of them would be left to continue the species. It would be unfair to clone any extinct animals if they were to live in a zoo. A suitable habitat would be needed for them to lead a natural life. 6.__________ (base) on what we know now,

20、 you cannot clone animals that have been extinct longer than 10 000 years. Actually, dinosaurs disappeared 65 000 000 years ago. So the chance of dinosaurs ever returning to the earth is 7._________ (mere) a dream. 歸納： 1.extinct ____________ 2.initial ____________ 3. diversity ____________4. resis

21、t ____________ 5. drawback____________ 6.habitat ____________ 7.species____________ 8 in vain _________ 9. pass... on to... ____________ 10. 總結with的復合結構___________________________________ 重點單詞用法 1. differ （vi）不同；相異； 1) Humans differ from other mammals in their ability to speak. 人與其他哺

22、乳動物的不同之處在于人能說話?！綿iffer from ….與…不同】 2) The two sides differ with each other over the question of pay.【about/ on/ over sth. 關于】 3) That’s where we differ. 那就是我們意見不合的地方。 4) It doesn’t make any difference to me whether you go or not. 【make a difference 有影響】 2. undertake v. undertook (pp.)

23、undertaken（pt.） She undertook full responsibility for the new changes. 承擔 He undertook to pay the money back in six months. 承諾 3. cast v./n cast (pt) cast（pp） 扔，投，擲 1) She cast a glance in his direction. 瞥一眼 The tree cast a long shadow on the grass. 投下陰影 2) Don’t be so cast down. Just k

24、eep up your spirits. 沮喪 4. object v. 反對 We object to being treated like this. 反對 They objected that the schedule was too tight. 反對說 n. What’s that dark object lying in the street? 物體 His one object in life is to earn as much money as possible.目的 【拓展】objection n. raise an objecti

25、on 提出反對意見 5. obtain v.(通過努力等)獲得，得到；買到： At Oxford, he obtained his Master’s degree in electrical engineering. We wished to obtain first-hand information. 6. forbid v. forbade(pt.) forbidden,(pp.) 禁止 1) The city forbids keeping dogs. 2) I forbid you to tell anyone about the secret. 3) He

26、 forbade his children sweets because he didn’t want their teeth to be ruined. 4) Women are forbidden from going out without a veil in Arabian countries. 7. owe v. 1) He owes his father 50 yuan / 50 yuan to his father. 欠 2) I owe him an apology. \ I owe an apology to him. 應向...道歉 3)These ear

27、ly settlers owed their survival to hard work and determination to succeed.把...歸功于 I owe it to you that I finished my work in time. it為形式賓語 4) Owing to the rain, they could not come. 由于 9. bother v. I'm sorry to bother you, but could you tell me the way to the station? 麻煩 –I need to advertise

28、 for a roommate. ---Why bother? Mary is interested. 別費勁，沒有必要 10. strike v.struck (pt.) struck (pp) 1) The stone struck me on the forehead. 擊中 2) It suddenly struck me that we could use a computer to do the job. 突然想到 3) He was struck by the beauty of the girl. 打動 4) The clock has just struck

29、 twelve. （鐘）敲響 5) She struck a match. 劃（火柴） 6) The workers are striking for better working conditions. 罷工 n. The whole staff were on strike. 短語用法 1. pay off 【讀句子，猜詞義】 I’ve just paid off my loan from this bank. Did your plan pay off? All those weeks of studying will pay off when you ta

30、ke the exam. 【拓 展】 pay back pay for . 典型句式 1.It suddenly opened everybody’s eyes to the possibility of using cloning to cure serious illness and even to produce human beings. 翻譯：____________________________________________ 2 It is a way of making an exact copy of another animal or plan

31、t. 精確的 【拓展】to be exact .確切地說 1) That's _________what I expected. 那正是我希望的. 2) ---- People should stop using their cars and start using public transport. ---- ______. The roads are too crowded as it is. （2005浙江） 【正是如此】 A. All right B. Exactly C. Go ahead D. Fine 3.Then came the

32、disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill. now, then，here, up, down, in, out, away等副詞位于句首，且主語為名詞，主句用完全倒裝語序。 Then came the day we had been looking forward to. Here is the letter you are waiting for. 4. Altogether Dolly lived for six years, half the length of the life of the original

33、sheep. There were altogether 42 students in the class. 總共 The food was good and we loved the atmosphere and the people. Altogether it was a great evening.總之 I don’t altogether agree with you. 完全 2)original adj/n. 原始的; 最初的; 原創(chuàng)的 originally adv. In a word, to read the original work is better

34、 than to see the film based on it.原著 5. Dolly’s appearance raised a storm of objections and had a great impact on the media and public imagination. 1) 引起，使出現(xiàn) The book raises many arguments about this issue. 比較:raise rise arise arouse 2) a storm of protest/ cheers/ applause / criticism 一陣抗議/歡呼聲/掌聲/ 抨擊/ 3) have/ make a strong/ great impact on 對…有巨大影響 5