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1、 Unit 3　Inventors and inventions [寫得準(zhǔn)] [用得活] [積得多] 1.passive adj.　　被動的；消極的；被動語態(tài)的 2.seize vt. 抓?。蛔阶?；奪 3.forehead n. 額頭 4.associate vt. 聯(lián)想；聯(lián)系 　　　 n. 同伴；伙伴 5.criterion n. (評判的)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；尺度 6.bear vt. 忍受；忍耐；負(fù)擔(dān) 7.distinguish vi.&vt顯示……的差別；使……有所不同；辨別→distinguished adj.著名的；卓越的 8.mer

2、ciful adj.寬大的；仁慈的；慈悲的→ merciless adj.殘忍的；無情的→mercy n．寬?。蝗蚀? 9.convenient adj.便利的；方便的；就近的→convenience n．方便；便利→conveniently_adv.便利地；方便地 10.caution n．小心；謹(jǐn)慎→cautious_adj.小心的；謹(jǐn)慎的→cautiously_ adv.小心地；謹(jǐn)慎地 petence n．能力；勝任；本領(lǐng)→competent adj.能勝任的；有能力的；稱職的 12.abrupt adj.突然的；意外的→abruptly adv.突然地 13.practical

3、 adj.實際的；實踐的；實用的→practice n．實踐；練習(xí)→impractical adj.不明智的；不現(xiàn)實的 14.expectation n．預(yù)料；期待；期望→expect_v．預(yù)料；期待；期望；認(rèn)為 15.innocent adj.清白的；天真的→innocence_n．天真；清白 16.recognition n．認(rèn)出；認(rèn)可；承認(rèn)→recognize vt.認(rèn)出；識別；承認(rèn) 17.freezing adj.冰凍的；嚴(yán)寒的→freeze v．冰凍→frozen adj.凍結(jié)的 18.occasionally adv.偶然地；不時地→occasional adj.偶然的→

4、occasion n．時機；機會；場合 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1.Please give him lots of love instead of high expectations (expect); otherwise he will be loaded with great pressure. 2.The bus came to an abrupt (abruptly) stop, making many passengers fall off their seats. 3.When the ice is heated above freezing (freeze) point,

5、 it begins to change into a liquid state. 4.Your suggestion sounds reasonable and practical (practice). I think it deserves to be discussed at the next meeting. 5.He took measures to make up his fault, which received our recognition (recognize)． 6.You can visit Professor Li when it is convenient,

6、_that is, at his convenience. His house is conveniently near the bus stop.(convenient) 7.He is a cautious man and is always doing things with caution. You should get on with him cautiously.(caution) 8.The merciless king showed no mercy and killed all the prisoners.(merciful) 1.后綴-ive形容詞集錦 ①activ

7、e　主動的 ②passive 被動的 ③positive 積極的 ④negative 消極的 ⑤subjective 主觀的 ⑥expensive 昂貴的 ⑦impressive 印象深刻的 ⑧aggressive 爭強好勝的； 挑釁的 2.表示“抓住”的相關(guān)詞語一覽 ①seize vt. 抓?。蛔阶? ②catch vt. 抓??；接住 ③grasp vt. 抓??；掌握 ④catch hold of 抓住 ⑤get hold of 抓住 3.含fore-前綴的單詞面面觀 ①forehead n. 額頭 ②forecast vt. 預(yù)報

8、 ③foresee vt. 預(yù)見 ④foreword n. 前言 ⑤forearm n. 前臂 4.“辨別；區(qū)分”家族 ①distinguish between ...and ... 　　　區(qū)分……和…… ②distinguish ...from ... 使……有別于…… ③tell ... from ... 區(qū)分/辨別……和…… [寫得準(zhǔn)] [用得活] [積得多] 1.call_up　　　 給……打電話；使想起 2.now_and_then 偶爾；有時 3.set_about 開始；著手 4.dive_into 迅速把手伸入；

9、一心投入 5.set_out_(to_do) 開始(做) 6.hang_on 不掛斷；稍等；緊緊握住 7.out_of_order 次序顛倒；發(fā)生故障 8.get_through 設(shè)法聯(lián)系上(尤指打通電話)；(設(shè)法)做完；通過；度過 9.ring_back 回復(fù)電話 10.ring_off 掛斷電話 選用左欄短語填空 1.Sorry to hear that you’ve failed the exam. If only you had set_about the revision earlier. 2.Many memories of old times w

10、ere_called_up by the conversation we had together that evening. 3.The engines of the ship were out_of_order and the bad weather added to the helplessness of the crew at sea. 4.The girl goes to visit her English teacher now_and_then who retired from school last year. 5.It’s the love and responsibi

11、lity that have driven him to get_through many hardships and survive. 1.“有時”詞匯全接觸 ①now and then偶爾；有時 ②now and again 不時；時而 ③from time to time 不時 ④sometimes 有時 ⑤occasionally 偶爾 2.“v.＋into”結(jié)構(gòu)的短語薈萃 ①dive into 迅速把手伸入； 一心投入 ②burst into 突然闖入 ③run into 撞上；偶然遇見 ④look into 往里看；調(diào)查 ⑤knock i

12、nto 撞上 ⑥break into 破門而入 [背原句] [記句式] [會仿用] 1.The criteria are so strict that it is difficult to get new ideas accepted unless they are truly novel. (評定)專利標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是很嚴(yán)格的，除非新的想法真是新穎的，否則很難被接受。 so ...that ...“如此……以至于……”，引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。 她那么忙于科研工作以至于讓他人好好照顧孩子。 She was so_occupied_with_scientific_researc

13、h_that she had her child taken good care of. 2.Now it’s a matter of waiting and hoping. 現(xiàn)在，只是等待和期望了。 a matter of ...意為“……的問題”。 科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為克隆人只是一個時間問題。 Scientists believe human cloning is just a_matter_of_time. 3.Follow it up, explore all around it, and before you know it, you will have something wo

14、rth thinking about to occupy your mind. 跟隨它，在它的周圍探索，不知不覺中，你將有值得考慮的某些東西占用你的大腦。 本句為“祈使句＋and/or/otherwise＋陳述句”結(jié)構(gòu)。 給我一次機會，我會給你一個驚喜。 Give me a chance, and_I’ll_give_you_a_wonderful_surprise. 1．distinguish vt.& vi.顯示……的差別；使……有所不同；辨別 [教材原句]　Here was a chance for me to distinguish myself b

15、y inventing something merciful that would catch snakes but not harm them. 這回我有機會來表現(xiàn)一下自己，我要發(fā)明某種仁慈的東西，既可以把蛇抓到而又不會傷害到它們。 (1)distinguish between ...and ... 　　　　　　 　　　　 區(qū)分/辨別……和…… distinguish ...from ... 使……有別于…… distinguish oneself (as ...) (作為……)表現(xiàn)突出 (2)distinguished adj. 卓越的；著名的；杰

16、出的 be distinguished for ... 因……而出名 (3)distinguishable adj. 易分辨的；能區(qū)分的 ①Reading good books enriches our mind and teaches us to distinguish_between_right_and_wrong. 閱讀好書既能豐富我們的知識又能教我們分辨是非。 ②It is the superior intelligence and the use of language that distinguish man from the other animals.

17、 正是高超的智力和語言的使用把人和其他動物區(qū)別開來。 ③Honestly speaking, I admire your distinguished (distinguish) achievements. 誠實地說，我真羨慕你卓越的成就。 2．bear vt.(bore, borne)忍受；忍耐；負(fù)擔(dān)；生育 [教材原句]　I cannot bear the smell of burnt sausage on the barbecue. 我不能忍受烤肉架上烤焦的香腸的氣味。 (1)can’t bear doing/to do sth.　　不能忍受做某事 can’t bear sb

18、./sb.’s doing/to do sth. 不能忍受某人做某事 (2)bear a heavy burden 肩負(fù)重?fù)?dān) bear responsibility/the blame 承擔(dān)責(zé)任/受責(zé)備 (3)bear/keep sth. in mind 記住…… bear/keep in mind that ... 記住…… ①I couldn’t bear to_listen/listening (listen) any longer, so I left the room. 我實在聽

19、不下去了，便離開了房間。 ②Bearing (bear) a heavy burden, she has to work hard to bring up her children. 肩負(fù)重?fù)?dān)，她必須努力工作撫養(yǎng)孩子。 ③My mother often reminds me to bear/keep_in_mind_that failure is the mother of success.(2014·福建高考書面表達(dá)) 媽媽經(jīng)常提醒我要記住“失敗乃成功之母”。 3．a(chǎn)ssociate vt.聯(lián)想；聯(lián)系 [經(jīng)典例句]　He is closely associated in the

20、public mind with horror movies.(牛津P104) 在公眾心目中，他總是和恐怖電影緊密聯(lián)系在一起。 (1)associate ...with ...　 把……和……聯(lián)系在一起 be associated with ... 和……有關(guān) associate with sb. 與某人交往或打交道 (2)association n. 聯(lián)合；聯(lián)想；交往；協(xié)會；團體 in association with ... 與……合伙/合作 ①I feel honored to have the chance to live, work and as

21、sociate with them. 我覺得很榮幸有機會和他們一起生活、工作和相處。 ②We are working in association (associate) with a local company to raise money for the homeless. 我們聯(lián)合一家當(dāng)?shù)氐墓?，為無家可歸的人籌款。 Ⅰ.基礎(chǔ)點全練 單句語法填空/補全句子 1．We should always bear/keep in mind that many traffic accidents arise from drunk driving. 2．The twins

22、are so alike, it’s difficult to distinguish one from the other. 3．The result was out of Harry’s expectation (expect). He looked at the medal in surprise without saying a word. 4．—Why did Bob cry? —He couldn’t bear being_made (make) fun of like that in front of the whole class. 5．You should seiz

23、e_the_opportunity_to_work_abroad (抓住這次出國工作的機會) with both hands. 6．I’ll call in two weeks to arrange a meeting at_your_convenience (在您方便的時候)． Ⅱ.重難點多練 associate多棱鏡 (1)用associate的適當(dāng)形式填空 ①The exhibition was organized by the school in association (associate) with local artists. ②As for American chi

24、ldren, the Christmas is associated (associate) with excitement, happiness and gifts. (2)一句多譯 有很多嚴(yán)重的健康問題與吸煙有關(guān)。 ③There are many serious health problems which_are_associated_with_smoking.(使用定語從句) ④There are many serious health problems associated_with_smoking.(使用分詞作定語) ⑤There are many serious heal

25、th problems in_association_with_smoking.(使用介詞短語作定語) Ⅲ.閱讀詞匯專練 根據(jù)語境選出動詞seize的詞義 (A)抓住　　　　　　　　(B)奪取；攻占 (C)逮捕；扣押 (D)把握(機會) 1．If he hadn’t seized the chance of escaping from the burning building, he might have lost his life.__D__ 2．He was seizing her by the arm when I saw him.__A__ 3．They

26、 seized the airport in a surprising attack.__B__ 4．A large quantity of drugs was seized last weekend.__C__ 1．call up給……打電話；使……回憶起 [教材原句]　When I called up my mother in the countryside on the telephone she was very upset. 我給鄉(xiāng)下的媽媽打電話時，她非常煩惱。 call at　　　　　　　拜訪(某個地點) call off 取消；停止

27、 call on/upon 拜訪(某人)；號召 call for 需求；需要；去接(某人) call in 邀請；請來 ①The saying concerning friendship calls_up_one_unforgettable_thing that I went through last year.(2014·山東高考寫作) 關(guān)于友誼的這句諺語使我想起了去年我經(jīng)歷的一件難忘的事。 ②A well-written composition calls for a good choice of words a

28、nd clear organization among other things. 一篇好的作文還需要選詞準(zhǔn)確，結(jié)構(gòu)清晰。 [聯(lián)想發(fā)散]　根據(jù)漢語提示完成下列與“打電話”有關(guān)的短語。 ①ring up　　　　　　　　　給……打電話 ②ring/call back 回復(fù)電話 ③ring off 掛斷電話 ④give sb. a ring/call 給某人打電話 ⑤hang/hold on 不掛斷電話 2．get through設(shè)法聯(lián)系上(尤指打通電話)；(設(shè)法)做完；通過；度過；用完；耗盡 [高考佳句]　As is known to us, our friends le

29、nd us a hand when we are in trouble and help us get through difficult situations.(2014·重慶高考寫作) 眾所周知，當(dāng)我們處境困難時我們的朋友給我們伸出援助之手并幫助我們度過困難時期。 [一詞多義]　寫出下列句中g(shù)et through的含義 ①I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end.(設(shè)法)做完 ②I couldn’t get through to him because his telephone w

30、as out of order now and then.打通電話 ③She found writing helped her get through the rough days.度過 ④Luckily, he got through the exam and his efforts paid off.通過 ⑤The little boy got through all his money in just one week and had to ask his mom for some more.用完 get across　　　　　　　　被理解；使人了解 get away with

31、 被放過；受到從輕發(fā)落 get down to 著手認(rèn)真做某事 get over 克服 get on 進展；進步 get in 收獲 ⑥It’s time I got down to thinking (think) about that essay. 是時候我該認(rèn)真思考一下那篇論文了。 3．Follow_it_up,_explore all around it, and before you know it, you

32、 will have something worth thinking about to occupy your mind. 跟隨它，在它的周圍探索，不知不覺中，你將有值得考慮的某些東西占用你的大腦。 本句為“祈使句＋and＋陳述句”句式。 ①Work hard, and you will pass the exam. 努力學(xué)習(xí)，你會考試及格的。 ②Work hard, or/otherwise you will fail the exam. 努力學(xué)習(xí)，否則你考試會不及格的。 ③One more hour, and we will_do (do) the job better

33、. 再給一個小時，我們會把工作做得更好。 [名師指津]　以上結(jié)構(gòu)后面的陳述句多用表示將來意義的時態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)。 Ⅰ.基礎(chǔ)點全練 1．單句語法填空 ①The thief dived into the woman’s pocket and stole the wallet, disappearing into the crowd. ②I’m very busy, so would you please ring off and call me later? ③He pays a visit to his parents in the country now and then. ④Th

34、e sound of happy laughter called up memories of his childhood. ⑤I have set about applying (apply) to be a volunteer since I learned the information. ⑥It’s high time that I got down to reflecting (reflect) on my mistakes. 2．一句多譯 這個超級明星那么平易近人以至于她與粉絲相處得很好。 ①This superstar is so_easy-going_that she

35、 can get along well with her fans. ②So_easy-going_is_this_superstar that she can get along well with her fans.(倒裝) 3．運用所學(xué)短語完成下列語段 One day, a student ①called_me_up (給我打電話) abruptly, saying that she graduated and ②set_about (開始做某事) hunting for a job. She is fortunate, because a firm just wants a pe

36、rson to manage files. But only by ③getting_through (通過) the interview can she get the job. She wants to ④seize_the_current_chance (抓住目前的機會) and make full preparations. Ⅱ.重難點多練 “祈使句＋and/or/otherwise＋陳述句”句式面面觀 (1)單句語法填空 ①Call (call) me tomorrow, and I’ll let you know the lab result. ②Give up smok

37、ing, or/otherwise you may die of lung cancer. ③A bit more effort, I think, and you will_settle (settle) the problem. (2)一句多譯 ④如果你更加努力學(xué)習(xí)，在學(xué)習(xí)上你就會成功。 a．Work_harder,_and you will succeed in your studies. b．Working_harder,_you will succeed in your studies. c．If_you_work_harder,_you will succeed in

38、 your studies. Ⅰ.單句語法填空 1．It is so cold and freezing (freeze) that we have to stay at home. 2．I’d like to place things where it is convenient (convenience) to get them. 3．The boy knocked (knock) down by the car was immediately taken to the nearby hospital. 4．Having made up his mind, he se

39、t about carrying (carry) out the plan. 5．Your ideas are very interesting, but we need practical (practice) suggestions to get us out of the mess. 6．Tom was lost in reading the novel so he didn’t hear his name called (call)． 7．He is always so busy with his work that he has no choice but to go to

40、see his parents occasionally (occasion)． 8．As soon as I get through with my work I’ll join you. 9．So careless was he that he made a serious mistake. 10．Your letter calls up the days when we worked together on the farms fifteen years ago. Ⅱ.單句改錯 1．Seize the chance and you will regret it.and→or/o

41、therwise 2．Can you tell me how to make myself understand better in my broken English？understand→understood 3．All of us can’t bear people dropped litter everywhere.dropped→dropping 4．We could hear a woman was singing merry in the next room.merry→merrily 5．He was overlooked when they set out choos

42、ing a new manager.out→about 6．Pressing the button and the door opens by itself.Pressing→Press Ⅲ.用本單元所學(xué)知識完成下列寫作訓(xùn)練 (一)依據(jù)提示補全短文 I was doing an experiment when Li Hua called_me_up (給我打電話), telling me he wouldn’t come on time because of the traffic jam. After ringing_off (掛斷電話), I set about working.

43、 Abruptly (abrupt), the experiment was out_of_order (次序顛倒). Then my teacher came in, and encouraged me to face challenges bravely. Meanwhile (however/meanwhile), he suggested that I should associate_the_experiment_with_what_I_had_learned_in_class (把課堂上所學(xué)知識與實驗聯(lián)系起來)．①His words encouraged me todive_in

44、to_the_experiment (潛心做實驗). Besides, his suggestion was practical (practice). I did it carefully. Finally, I got_through (完成) with it successfully. ② I was grateful to my teacher. ③I’m determined to study hard to live_up_to_his_expectations(達(dá)到他的期望)． (二)按要求將詞匯句式升級 1．用本單元高級詞匯替換加黑單詞或短語 (1)set about w

45、orking→set_out to work (2)carefully→cautiously/with_caution 2．按要求改寫句式 (1)用強調(diào)句型改寫句① It_was_his_words_that encouraged me to dive into the experiment. (2)用so ... that ...結(jié)構(gòu)連接句②、句③ I was so_grateful_to_my_teacher_that I’m determined to study hard to live up to his expectations. 11