《（通用版）2019高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 第三板塊 語法填空與短文改錯(cuò) NO.2 再研考點(diǎn) 第二層級(jí) 第五講 特殊句式講義》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《（通用版）2019高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 第三板塊 語法填空與短文改錯(cuò) NO.2 再研考點(diǎn) 第二層級(jí) 第五講 特殊句式講義（10頁珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、第五講特殊句式 一、明備考方向 語法填空?？键c(diǎn) 短文改錯(cuò)?？键c(diǎn) 寫作常用句式 1.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中的that/who； 2.there be句型中的be的形式； 3.部分倒裝與全部倒裝中謂語的形式； 4.祈使句中的謂語動(dòng)詞形式。 1.強(qiáng)調(diào)句中that和who的誤用； 2.there be句型中be與have的誤用或錯(cuò)用； 3.倒裝句中助動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞的缺失或誤用； 4.感嘆句中what和how 的誤用； 5.祈使句中動(dòng)詞原形的誤用。 1.祈使句＋and/or＋陳述句 2.there is no point/sense in doing sth.“做某事沒有意義” 3.t

2、here is (no) difficulty in doing sth.“做某事(沒)有困難” 4.there is (no) possibility of (doing) sth./that ...“(做)某事(沒)有可能性” 5.there is no doubt that ...“毫無疑問……” 6.there is no need to do ...“沒必要做……” 7.there is no denying that ...“不可否認(rèn)……” 8.It is/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who ... 二、攻重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型 1．強(qiáng)調(diào)句型基本結(jié)構(gòu)及注意事項(xiàng)

3、 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型基本結(jié)構(gòu)為“It＋is/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分”，在理解強(qiáng)調(diào)句時(shí)，考生要注意以下幾點(diǎn)： (1)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型可強(qiáng)調(diào)的句子成分通常為主語、狀語、賓語等，不能用來強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語動(dòng)詞(如強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語動(dòng)詞，常借助于do/does/did)、表語(主語補(bǔ)語)、讓步狀語、條件狀語等。連接詞一般用that，如被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分指人時(shí)，可用who/that，其他一律用that。 (2)判斷是否是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，就是看把句子中的“It is/was和that/who”去掉之后，句子是否成立。若句子依然成立，則是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，否則就不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句。 (3)強(qiáng)調(diào)句的一般疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)：Is/Was＋it＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部

4、分＋that/who＋其他部分？ (4)強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特殊疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)：特殊疑問詞＋is/was＋it＋that/who＋其他部分？ (5)含not ... until ...的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：It is/was not until＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who＋其他部分。 It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do that benefits our work most. 給我們工作帶來最大益處的不是我們做了多少而是我們將多少愛投入到我們所從事的事業(yè)中。 Was it in 1939 that the Sec

5、ond World War broke out? 第二次世界大戰(zhàn)是在1939年爆發(fā)的嗎？ When was it that you called me yesterday? 你昨天是什么時(shí)候給我打電話的？ 2．強(qiáng)調(diào)句型與結(jié)構(gòu)相似的主從復(fù)合句的區(qū)別 (1)與含主語從句的主從復(fù)合句的區(qū)別 It is true that they are going to visit the Great Wall next month.他們下個(gè)月準(zhǔn)備去參觀長城，這是真的。 It is the Great Wall that they are going to visit. 他們準(zhǔn)備去參觀的地方是長城

6、。 第一個(gè)句子是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句，其中it是形式主語；that 引導(dǎo)的是主語從句，that沒有任何意義，在從句中不作任何成分。第二個(gè)句子是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是賓語the Great Wall, It is和that沒有任何意義，只是用來構(gòu)成強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的基本框架。 (2)與含定語從句的主從復(fù)合句的區(qū)別 It is a question that needs careful consideration. 這是一個(gè)需要仔細(xì)考慮的問題。 It is novels that William enjoys reading. 威廉喜歡讀的是小說。 第一個(gè)句子是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句，其中that引導(dǎo)的是定語

7、從句，修飾先行詞question，that 在從句中作主語； It在主句中作主語。第二個(gè)句子是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是賓語novels, It is和that沒有任何意義，只是用來構(gòu)成強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的基本框架。 (3)與含狀語從句的主從復(fù)合句的區(qū)別 ①與“It is/was＋時(shí)間名詞＋when ...”的區(qū)別 “It is/was＋時(shí)間名詞＋when ...”句型中，it指時(shí)間，when引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語從句。時(shí)間名詞前無介詞。 It was 6 o'clock when I got up today. 今天我起床時(shí)已經(jīng)6點(diǎn)了。 It was at 6 o'clock that I got up

8、today. 今天我是6點(diǎn)起的床。 第一句是主從復(fù)合句， It指時(shí)間，when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。第二句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是時(shí)間狀語at 6 o'clock, It was和that無實(shí)際意義。 ②與“It is/was＋時(shí)間段＋since ...”的區(qū)別 “It is/was＋時(shí)間段＋since ...”句型中，since引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。若since和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用，該句型的意思是“……不做某事已有……時(shí)間了”；若since和短暫性動(dòng)詞連用，該句型的意思是“……做某事已有……時(shí)間了”。since引導(dǎo)的從句常用一般過去時(shí)。 It is two years since I taught

9、 English. 我不教英語兩年了。 It is two years since I began to teach English. 我教英語已經(jīng)兩年了。 It is two hours that he spends on English every day. 他每天花兩個(gè)小時(shí)學(xué)英語。 前兩個(gè)句子是“It is＋時(shí)間段＋since ...”句型，since引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。第三個(gè)句子是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是賓語two hours。 ③與“It was/will be＋時(shí)間段＋before ...”的區(qū)別 “It was/will be＋時(shí)間段＋before ...”句型中，it指時(shí)

10、間，before引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。 It was two years before he came back from abroad. 過了兩年他才回國。 It was two years later that he came back from abroad. 他是兩年后回國的。 第一句中的It指時(shí)間，before引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語從句；第二句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是時(shí)間狀語two years later。 倒裝句 倒裝是高考考查的常考點(diǎn)，高考不只是單純考查倒裝，而是常把倒裝與時(shí)態(tài)、主謂一致等結(jié)合在一起進(jìn)行考查，增加了考查的難度，因此考生一定要把倒裝的基本用法牢記在心。倒裝分為完全

11、倒裝與部分倒裝。 1．完全倒裝 當(dāng)作狀語的here, there, now, then, down, up, out, off等表示地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間或方位的副詞或表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語in the room, on the way等置于句首且主語為名詞時(shí)，句子要完全倒裝。但當(dāng)主語是代詞時(shí)，主謂不倒裝。 John opened the door. There stood a girl he had never seen before. 約翰打開門，他從來沒見過的一位女孩站在那兒。 South of the river lies a small factory. 河的南面有一個(gè)小工廠。 2．部

12、分倒裝 (1)only修飾副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句置于句首時(shí)，主句要用部分倒裝； (2)否定副詞never, nor, not, hardly, little, seldom, scarcely, rarely等及表否定意義的介詞短語at no time, under/in no circumstances, in no case, by no means, on no condition等置于句首時(shí)要部分倒裝； (3)表示前面所說的情況也適用于后者時(shí)，用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)so/neither/nor＋助動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋主語； (4)So＋adj./adv. ...that .../

13、Such＋adj.＋n. ...＋that ...“如此……以至于……”； (5)Not only ...，but also ...“不僅……而且……”，Not only后是主謂倒裝，but also后是正常語序； (6)在as/though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中，從句的表語/狀語/動(dòng)詞位于句首，構(gòu)成部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。如果位于句首的是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，其前不加冠詞； (7)在非真實(shí)條件句中，條件句中的if省略時(shí)，助動(dòng)詞had, were, should常提到主語前面，構(gòu)成部分倒裝。 Only in this way can we learn English well. 只有以這種方法，我們才能

14、學(xué)好英語。 Never before have I seen such a moving film. ＝I have never seen such a moving film before. 以前我從未看過這么感人的電影。 They love having lots of friends; so do those with disabilities. 他們喜歡交很多朋友，那些有殘疾的人也是如此。 So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home. 天氣太冷，我們只好待在家里。 Not only will help be g

15、iven to people to find jobs, but also medical treatment will be provided for people who need it. 不僅要給那些找工作的人提供幫助，而且也要給那些需要幫助的人提供醫(yī)療保健服務(wù)。 Child as he is, he knows a lot about the history of China.盡管他是個(gè)孩子，但他對(duì)中國歷史知道很多。 there be句型 there be句型是高考考查的重點(diǎn)語法項(xiàng)目，近年來高考均考查其最基本的用法，因此考生只需要掌握以下基本用法即可。 1．there b

16、e句型中的be可以有不同的時(shí)態(tài)，可以和助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用。 There have been many great changes in our country since then. 自從那時(shí)起我們國家發(fā)生了很多巨變。 2．there be句型中的be有時(shí)可以用seem to be, appear to be, happen to be, used to be, have to be, remain, lie等替換。 There seems to be an announcement about the project. 關(guān)于這個(gè)項(xiàng)目似乎有一個(gè)通知。 There remains

17、some confusion about the nature of online teaching. 人們對(duì)于在線教育的性質(zhì)還存在一些疑惑。 3．there be句型的主謂一致，如果主語由兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的名詞或代詞構(gòu)成，謂語動(dòng)詞be應(yīng)和離它最近的主語保持一致。 There is a knife and two pens in his pocket. 他的口袋里有一把小刀和兩支鋼筆。 4．there be句型的常用結(jié)構(gòu) there is no doubt that ...“毫無疑問……” there is no need to do ...“沒有必要做……” there is

18、no denying that ...“不可否認(rèn)……” there is no point/sense in doing sth. “做某事沒有意義” there is (no) difficulty in doing sth. “做某事(沒)有困難” there is (no) possibility of (doing) sth./that ... “(做)某事(沒)有可能性” 5．there be句型的非謂語動(dòng)詞形式(there being和there to be) (1)there being結(jié)構(gòu)起名詞作用，用作主語或賓語，there being也可以作狀語。 The

19、re being a bus stop near my house is a great advantage.我家附近有個(gè)公共汽車站是很大的優(yōu)勢。 (2)there to be可以用作動(dòng)詞的賓語，表示一種愿望，但目前還沒實(shí)現(xiàn)。 I expect there to be no argument about this. 我期望關(guān)于這件事沒有爭吵。 三、練高頻題點(diǎn) Ⅰ.語法填空題點(diǎn)全練 1．(2018·天津高考改編)It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house that we saw Lily in the passen

20、ger seat. 2．(2016·全國卷Ⅱ)It could be anything — gardening, cooking, music, sports — but whatever it is, make (make) sure it's a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about. 3．(2015·天津高考改編)Only when Lily walked into the office did she realize that she had left the contract at ho

21、me. 4．(2015·湖南高考改編)Only after talking to two students did I discover that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals. 5．(2018·哈爾濱六校聯(lián)考)Such good use does he make of his spare time that his English has improved a lot. 6．Give me a chance, and I'll give you a wonderful s

22、urprise. 7．(2018·廣東三校聯(lián)考)It was not until dark that he found what he thought was the correct way to solve the problem. 8．The little boy came riding at full speed down the motorway on his bicycle. What a dangerous scene it was! 9．As far as I can see, there is no possibility that he will win the ten

23、nis match this time. 10．(2018·安徽屯溪模擬)Don't be discouraged. Take (take) things as they are and you will enjoy every day of your life. Ⅱ.短文改錯(cuò)題點(diǎn)全練 1．(2018·青島模擬)I had trouble overcoming my addiction to alcohol, and so was my friend Mike.was→did 2．It is the stable and comfortable life where has destr

24、oyed the young man's ambition to be a great explorer.where→that 3．Not until he went through real hardship he realize the love we have for our families is important.hardship后加did 4．Was it because Jack came late for school which Mr.Smith got angry？which→that 5．(2018·福建質(zhì)檢)Failing for the first time

25、has made him come to know what important a second chance is.what→how 6．Standing on the top of the tower and you'll enjoy the scenery of the whole city.Standing→Stand 7．It was nobody else at hand, and I had to carry the heavy box to the eighth floor by myself.It→There 8．Only at this moment the par

26、ents realize that what great effect their behavior had on their children.the前加did [課堂應(yīng)用體驗(yàn)]　 Ⅰ.完成句子并改寫 1．直到她摘掉墨鏡我才認(rèn)出她是一位著名影星。 I didn't realize she was a famous film star until_she_took_off_her_dark_glasses. →It_was_not_until_she_took_of

27、f_her_dark_glasses_that I realized she was a famous film star. (改為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語) 2．只有通過每天花費(fèi)至少兩個(gè)小時(shí)學(xué)英語，你才能快速提高你的英語水平。 You can improve your English level quickly only_by_spending_at_least_two_hours _learning_English_every_day. →Only_by_spending_at_least_two_hours_learning_English_every_day_can_you impr

28、ove your English level quickly.(改為倒裝句) 3．當(dāng)我們遇到麻煩時(shí)，我們總可以依靠的是我們的父母。 We can always depend_on_our_parents when we're in trouble. →It_is_our_parents_that we can always depend on when we're in trouble.(改為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語) 4．你不必?fù)?dān)心他，因?yàn)樗嚷斆饔钟薪?jīng)驗(yàn)。 You needn't_worry_about_him as he is clever and experienced. →The

29、re_is_no_need_to_worry_about_him as he is clever and experienced.(改為there be句型) 5．他說英語說得如此清晰，以至于別人都能聽得懂。 He speak_English_so_clearly_that he can always make himself understood. →So_clearly_does_he_speak_English_that he can always make himself understood.(改為倒裝句) Ⅱ.語法填空 (2018·山東省部分重點(diǎn)中學(xué)調(diào)研)The cheo

30、ngsam is a female dress with distinctive Chinese features and enjoys growing __1__ (popular) in the international world of high fashion. The name “cheongsam” __2__ (mean) simply “l(fā)ong dress” entered the English vocabulary from the dialect of China's Guangdong Province. In other parts of the country

31、including Beijing, however, it __3__ (know) as “qipao”， which has a history behind it. After the early Manchu (滿族的) rulers came to China, the Manchu women wore __4__ (normal) a one-piece dress which came to be called “qipao”. __5__ the 1911 Revolution ended the rule of the Qing Dynasty, the female

32、dress survived the political change and, with later improvements, has become the traditional dress for Chinese women. The cheongsam, __6__ neck is high, collar closed, fits well the Chinese female figure, and its sleeves may be either short, medium or full __7__ (long), depending on seasons or tast

33、es. In addition, it is not too complicated __8__ (make). Nor __9__ it need too much material. Another beauty of the cheongsam is that it can be worn either __10__ casual or formal occasions. In either case, it creates an impression of simple and quiet charm, elegance and neatness. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文，主要對(duì)

34、中國的特色服裝——旗袍做了簡要說明。 1．popularity　考查名詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用名詞作enjoys的賓語，故填popularity，且popularity為不可數(shù)名詞。 2．meaning　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞?？仗幒途渥又^語entered之間沒有連詞，故用非謂語動(dòng)詞。因?yàn)榭仗幒途渥又髡ZThe name之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語。 3．is known　考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。此處是對(duì)客觀情況的一般性描述，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；it與know之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 4．normally　考查副詞。修飾動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用副詞，故用副詞normally修飾動(dòng)詞wor

35、e，在句子中作狀語。 5．Although/Though/While　考查連詞。根據(jù)語境可知，上下句之間表示邏輯上的讓步關(guān)系，故用連詞Although/Though/While引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。 6．whose　考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，并在從句中作定語，應(yīng)用whose。 7．length　考查名詞。由空前的形容詞full可知，空處應(yīng)用名詞length。 8．to make　考查固定用法。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為固定用法：too ...to do sth.意為“太……而不能做某事”。 9．does　考查倒裝句。否定副詞放句首，句子要部分倒裝，即助動(dòng)詞放

36、在主語之前；由本段的時(shí)態(tài)可知，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故填does。 10．on　考查介詞。on ...occasion意為“在……場合下”，為固定搭配，故用介詞on。 Ⅲ.短文改錯(cuò) It was on a warm autumn day that my father and I walk into my new high school. After registered in the classroom, the volunteer took me to my dormitory. Altogether I had five roommates, two of which arrived la

37、ter. I got to know my new roommate immediately. Although I was quite unwilling to say “Goodbye” to my father, but he had to leave to home. I suddenly realized I had grown up and that I had to look after me and live independently. Not until then I know my senior high school life had real begun. 答案：第一句：walk→walked 第二句：registered→registering; 第二個(gè)the→a 第三句：which→whom 第四句：roommate→roommates 第五句：but→yet或去掉but; leave后的to→for 第六句：me→myself 第七句：then后加did; real→really 10