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1、專題二　七選五 策略綜述 真題導(dǎo)練 A (2019·全國卷Ⅲ)In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important. __36__While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise. Students should be able to extend the logic (邏輯) of each

2、 to their particular circumstance. Do's ?__37__Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus (教學大綱) and learning management system information to be sure the answer isn't hiding in plain sight. ?Participate in discussion

3、 forums (論壇), blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue. __38__Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information. Make a point, and make it safe for others to do the same. Don'ts ?Don't share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts

4、 or your best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. __39__ ?Don't openly express annoyance at a professor or class. __40__When a student attacks a professor on the social media, the language used actually says more about the student. If

5、there is truly a concern about a professor's professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your comments. A．That's what they are for. B．Turn to an online instructor for help. C．If more information is needed, they will ask. D．Remember that online professors

6、get a lot of emails. E．Below are some common do's and don'ts for online learners. F．Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another. G．Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.　　 第一步：速讀全文，了解大意，掌握結(jié)構(gòu) 本文是一篇說明文，介紹了在選修網(wǎng)絡(luò)課程時如何與授課老師建立健康有益的互動交流。為總—分結(jié)構(gòu)。 第二步：根據(jù)設(shè)題位

7、置，結(jié)合上下文語境，理清邏輯關(guān)系 段首類多關(guān)注與下文的關(guān)系 37．空格后句意：與主題內(nèi)容相關(guān)的問題通常會受歡迎。在詢問有關(guān)課程設(shè)計的問題之前，閱讀教學大綱和學習管理系統(tǒng)信息，以確保答案不會隱藏在眼皮底下。由此可推知，此段表達要提出好的有水平的問題，故G項符合語境。 段中類多關(guān)注上文的邏輯關(guān)系 36．空格前句意：在網(wǎng)絡(luò)課堂上，與授課老師建立健康的溝通模式是非常重要的；空格后句意：雖然“我”每個只列出了兩條，但顯然還有許多其他情況可能發(fā)生。下面的段落緊接著介紹了溝通的注意事項——兩“做”和兩“不做”，因此E項符合語境。 38．空格前句意：參加論壇、博客和其他開放式論壇來進行對話，空格

8、后為參加論壇等的一些注意事項，故A項符合語境。指出參加這些活動的作用。 40．空格前句意：不要公開表達對授課老師或課程的不滿，空格后提及，如果授課老師的專業(yè)水平或能力確實令人擔憂，一定要使用在線課程評價來冷靜地發(fā)表你的意見，因此F項符合語境。 段尾類多關(guān)注總結(jié)概括 39．空格前句意：如果你需要延長最后期限，只需簡單向授課老師解釋一下情況，故C項符合語境。指出在此情形下，老師會怎么做。 第三步：將選項代入原文，檢查邏輯關(guān)系有無沖突，敲定答案。 B (2018·全國卷Ⅰ)Color is fundamental in home design—something you'll alw

9、ays have in every room. A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you'll love to live in. Do you want a room that's full of life? Professional? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day? __36__， color is the key to making a room fee

10、l the way you want it to feel. Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point. __37__， they can get a little complex. But good news is that there're really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the

11、small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones. __38__. They're the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color choices bring

12、with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable. Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves. __39__. They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space. The large color

13、 decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors. Whether you're looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant. __40__. A．While all of them are useful B．Whatever you're looking for C．If you're experimenting with a color D．Smal

14、l color choices are the ones we're most familiar with E．It's not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces F．So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time G．Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways 第一步：速讀全文，了解大意，掌握結(jié)構(gòu)

15、 本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了室內(nèi)設(shè)計中顏色的選擇問題。文章為總—分結(jié)構(gòu)，前兩段說明主題，后三段介紹了三種風格的顏色選擇。 第二步：根據(jù)設(shè)題位置，結(jié)合上下文語境，理清邏輯關(guān)系 段首類多關(guān)注與下文的關(guān)系 38．本空是一個主題句，上段結(jié)尾提到三種選擇：the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones；下文說小物品顏色選擇的具體用途。故選D項。 段中類多關(guān)注上文的邏輯關(guān)系 36．以逗號結(jié)尾，后面另起一個簡單句，可以從句子結(jié)構(gòu)排除D、E、F、G四項。根據(jù)前文的三個問句可知，此處是從中選擇一種。故選B項符合語境。 37．前文：在過去的許多

16、年里，有許多技術(shù)幫助設(shè)計者實現(xiàn)這一要點；下文：它們有點復(fù)雜。所以A項承上啟下，符合邏輯。 39．空格下一句提到中等物品顏色的選擇和小物品顏色選擇作比較的兩個方面：一是花費，二是對空間感覺的影響。與G選項中的“two_major_ways”呼應(yīng)。 段尾類多關(guān)注總結(jié)概括 40．由前文“the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant”可知，你所付諸的時間、精力和相關(guān)的費用是巨大的。F項是上文的結(jié)果，符合語境。 第三步：將選項代入原文，檢查邏輯關(guān)系有無沖突，敲定答案。 C (2017·全國卷Ⅱ)Int

17、erruptions are one of the worst things to deal with while you're trying to get work done. __36__， there are several ways to handle things. Let's take a look at them now. __37__. Tell the person you're sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the two of you can talk at

18、a different time. When people try to interrupt you, have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or that you'll find them then. __38__. It can help to eliminate (消除) future interruptions. When you need to talk to someone, don't do it in your own office. __39__， it's much

19、easier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are. If you have a door to your office, make good use of it. __40__. If someone knocks and it's not an important matter, excuse yourself and let the person know you

20、're busy so they can get the hint (暗示) that when the door is closed, you're not to be disturbed. A．If you're busy, don't feel bad about saying no B．When you want to avoid interruptions at work C．Set boundaries for yourself as far as your time goes D．If you're in the other person's office or in a

21、 public area E．It's important that you let them know when you'll be available F．It might seem unkind to cut people short when they interrupt you G．Leave it open when you're available to talk and close it when you're not　 第一步：速讀全文，了解大意，掌握結(jié)構(gòu) 本文是一篇說明文。文章主要就如何避免工作時受到打擾提出了幾點建議。文章為總—分結(jié)構(gòu)。 第二步：根據(jù)設(shè)題位置，

22、結(jié)合上下文語境，理清邏輯關(guān)系 段首類多關(guān)注與下文的關(guān)系 37．設(shè)空處位于段首，根據(jù)下文提到的向?qū)Ψ浇忉屇阌泻芏嗍虑橐鲆约傲砑s時間可知，本段是講述在自己很忙的時候不要不好意思拒絕，故選A項。 段中類多關(guān)注上文的邏輯關(guān)系 36．空格前說“工作時受到打擾是最難處理的事情之一”，空格后說“有幾種方法來處理這些情況”，因此B項承上啟下，符合邏輯。 38．空格前說“當人們試圖打擾你時，你要確定好時間，讓他們知道什么時候回來找你或者你去找他們”，空格后說“這樣做能幫你消除未來受到打擾的可能”。因此E項與上下文銜接緊密，符合語境。 39．空格前的“in your own office”與D項中的

23、“in_the_other_person's_office”相對應(yīng)。且D項與空格后的內(nèi)容銜接緊密，故為答案。 40．根據(jù)空格前的“如果你的辦公室有門，那么就好好利用它”可知，本段主要講述如何利用辦公室的門來避免受到打擾。故選G項。 第三步：將選項代入原文，檢查邏輯關(guān)系有無沖突，敲定答案。 第1講　段首類 設(shè)空處在段首通常為主旨句，有時也可能為承上啟下句。 1 主旨句 解題指導(dǎo)　在某段的段首設(shè)空的類型常為該段的主旨句，常以小標題或主題句的形式出現(xiàn)?？忌紫纫J真閱讀該段內(nèi)容，尤其是空格處后面一兩句的內(nèi)容，去確定關(guān)鍵信息，然后從各選項中查找與關(guān)鍵信息相關(guān)的詞句和信息，來確定答案。一般

24、情況下，正確答案與設(shè)空后的第一句在意義上是緊密銜接的，內(nèi)容上是連貫且符合邏輯的。[典例]　(2019·全國卷Ⅰ) __40__ While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, they also give us beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin D—but still protect your skin—put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minu

25、tes to start working, and that's plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day's worth of Vitamin D. D．Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight. 解析　D　空格后一句的句意：雖然陽光會使我們的皮膚衰老并受到傷害，但陽光也能帶來有益的維生素D。這是呼吸新鮮空氣附帶的好處，故D項“呼吸新鮮空氣的另一個附帶好處是陽光”符合語境。 2 承上啟下句 解題指導(dǎo)　在段首設(shè)空的類型有時也可能起承上啟下的作用，此時考生既要熟悉上一段內(nèi)容

26、，又要去結(jié)合下一段所講。做題時要瞻前顧后，把握上下文邏輯，分析所選答案是否能將兩段內(nèi)容連貫起來。 [典例]　(2018·全國卷Ⅲ) “I adore dancing，” says Lester Bridges, the owner of a dance studio in Iowa. “I can't imagine doing anything else with my life.” Bridges runs dance classes for all ages. “Teaching dance is wonderful. My older students say it makes t

27、hem feel young. It's great to watch them. For many of them, it's a way of meeting people and having a social life.” __38__ “I can tell you about one young couple，” says Bridges. “They're learning to do traditional dances. They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile. Dancing

28、seems to change their feeling completely.” A．So why do we dance? 解析　A　本題為段首題，需要填一個主旨句或承上啟下句。上文提到跳舞能使人感到年輕，是一種結(jié)識人和社會生活的方式，再根據(jù)本段中的“They're learning to do traditional dances. They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile.”可知，跳舞可以讓原本情緒低落的他們變得開心。因此A項(那么我們?yōu)槭裁刺枘兀?起到了承上啟下的作用，符合語境。

29、過關(guān)檢測(限時：20分鐘) (2019·河北唐山一模)We all have to make decisions all the time, and we have an abundance of choices, ranging from tiny issues to vital ones. Unfortunately, people often find it hard to make decisions. __1__ If you would like to improve your skill of decision－making, here are four suggesti

30、ons for you. Don't expect to have it all. __2__ You can't order every delicious dish on the menu. And there will be paths not taken, careers not chosen, to name a few. You can imagine some “what if” situations if you must, but do not let them take up too much space in your brain. __3__ It's ofte

31、n good to think through your decisions. But don't overdo it. Research can reach a point where returns begin to reduce, which makes it confusing more than clarifying. Many good decisions can be made based as much on intuition (直覺) as on careful assessment of endless data. Don't delay making decis

32、ions. Yes, there is a time to put off making a decision. Perhaps you need more information. __4__ Or it's likely that you wait for a less stressful time. Just don't wait so long that the decision is made by your own indecisiveness. Don't be hard on yourself. You decide to go on a voyage. You choo

33、se an expensive liner. Everything should work out just right. Only you didn't expect a bug that ran around on the ship, making you and your family sick for five days. __5__ But please remember it is unavoidable sometimes. A．Decisions force us to close the door on other possibilities. B．That means

34、the skill of good decision－making counts a lot. C．Don't count on emotion to make decisions. D．You may regret making such a stupid decision. E．Maybe you wish to consult with your advisor. F．Don't spend too much time thinking. G．It is an important source of information. 篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文，就如何提高作決定的技能

35、給出了四條建議。 1．B　根據(jù)上句“很遺憾，人們常常發(fā)現(xiàn)作出決定很難。”可知，這意味著作出良好的決策的技巧很重要。故選B。 2．A　根據(jù)本段小標題：Don't expect to have it all.(不要期盼著擁有一切。)再根據(jù)空格下句“你不可能點到菜單上每一道美味的菜。”可知，決定迫使我們放棄其他的可能性。故選A。 3．F　本空是小標題。根據(jù)其他標題可知此處應(yīng)該是否定祈使句。再根據(jù)本段下文“仔細考慮你的決定通常是件好事。但別過度?！笨芍谒伎忌喜灰ㄌ嗟臅r間。故選F。 4．E　根據(jù)上句“你可能需要更多的信息。”再根據(jù)空格下句“或等到時間不那么緊張的時候再考慮?！笨芍?，空格處

36、也應(yīng)列舉一種需要推遲作決定的情況。故E項(也許你希望咨詢顧問)符合語境。且“Maybe you wish”與上一句中的“Perhaps you need”結(jié)構(gòu)上相呼應(yīng)。故選E。 5．D　根據(jù)上句可知，你做出了決定，但意外情況令你和家人感到不適，這種情況下，你可能后悔作出這樣愚蠢的決定。故選D。 (2019·河南安陽二模) Why I Love Cycling One of the first things I did when I moved to a new city was hire a bike. Why? __1__ You travel much faster than

37、on foot and you notice so much more of your surroundings than when in a bus or a car. It's more appealing to wander down small streets if they seem interesting, as you can quickly get back to the main road. Besides, I soon discovered plenty more benefits of cycling. A bike means that fewer places,

38、 especially in a small city like the one where I live now, feel far away. For example, cycling to work takes me half the time that it would to walk. __2__ Of course, there are obvious health benefits of cycling—a bit of extra movement as part of your daily routine can help you keep fit and healthy.

39、 Cycling on my way to work also makes me feel more energetic in the mornings. __3__ While cars pollute the environment, bikes are carbon－neutral. Furthermore, thanks to being petrol－free, bikes are cheaper to run, buy and fix than cars. Even if you don't own a car, a bike can pay for itself when co

40、mpared to the price of bus tickets. __4__ Always wear a helmet, pay attention to other traffic and don't forget your lights at night. Make sure you know the road rules, especially in a new place. Some cities are more cycle－friendly than others. __5__ Luckily, where I live now is pretty easy to ride

41、 a bike around, thanks to having lots of cycle lanes and not too many hills! A．However, be careful when cycling. B．I have to learn to ride safely on the right of the road. C．Importantly, cycling also helps to reduce your carbon footprint. D．And sometimes city roads are difficult or unpleasant fo

42、r cyclists. E．Riding a bike also means you're not restricted by bus timetables. F．Seeing a city by bike is ideal for settling in and learning your way around. G．Cycling to work excellently fits for someone who wants to save their pocket money. 篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了騎自行車的益處。 1．F　根據(jù)上文：當我搬到一個新城市時，我做的

43、第一件事就是租一輛自行車。為什么？再根據(jù)空格下句：你騎自行車旅行的速度比步行快得多，你會觀察到比你在公共汽車或一輛汽車里會觀察到的更多的周圍的環(huán)境。可知，騎自行車看城市是安頓下來以后了解你周圍環(huán)境的理想方法。故答案為F。 2．E　上文講述騎自行車(尤其在小城市)的好處。騎自行車上班只花步行一半的時間?？芍丝找矐?yīng)該是在說騎自行車的好處，E項(騎自行車也意味著你不受公交時刻表的限制。)與之相匹配。also對做出正確判斷起著很大的作用。 3．C　根據(jù)下文：盡管汽車污染環(huán)境，但是騎自行車是碳零排放的?？芍?，重要的是，騎車也有助于減少你的碳足跡。故選C。 4．A　根據(jù)下文：一定要戴上頭盔，注意其

44、他的交通，晚上不要忘記開車燈?？芍?，騎自行車時要小心。故選A。 5．D　由Luckily后所述情況可知，作者為此慶幸，說明前面提及了兩種不同的情況，根據(jù)上句：有些城市比其他城市更適合自行車可知，有些城市道路對騎自行車的人來說是困難的或者不愉快的。故選D。 強化特訓(xùn)7　七選五(一)(限時：32分鐘) [1] (2019·南寧一模)Everyone knows how important trees are to the well－being of the earth. __1__ By providing shade for people to enjoy time outside, t

45、rees can shade our homes to keep them cooler in the summertime. They can hide unsightly (不美觀的) views, reduce noise from nearby roads, and serve as windbreaks. Many types also produce flowers and fruit. These tall plants simply make our homes and neighborhoods more attractive. Choosing Trees __2__

46、Planting a tree is a long－term project. Large shade varieties, especially, take a long time to grow. And once planted, they are difficult to move. Trees can also be a significant financial investment, so it's important to choose wisely. __3__ You may not have room to grow all the types you want to

47、try. So take the time to choose a plant you like that also will grow well in the conditions you can provide. Trees vary widely in their need for space, light, and soil conditions. Care Once you've made a choice, you'll need to prepare your site for planting. You may need to clear the area of other

48、 vegetation and improve the soil with organic matter such as fertilizer and nutrients. If you plant a tree yourself, carefully follow the instructions given by the nursery or read “How to Plant a Tree”. __4__ Providing proper care after it's planted is also important. __5__ Feed regularly, water de

49、eply, and prune (修剪) them carefully, so they become strong and healthy. Mature plants usually don't need to be watered or fertilized. A．They also provide homes for wildlife. B．Your success depends on proper planting. C．Many yards have space for only a few large plants. D．Young plants should be b

50、abied for the first few years. E．They develop large root systems and can grow by themselves. F．When you are planting trees, it's wise to plan your selections carefully. G．But do you know there are also many advantages of growing them in your own yard? 1．G　空前講述的是樹對地球的重要性，空后講述的是樹給人們及其住所提供的諸多好處，前

51、后意思上存在輕微的轉(zhuǎn)折；且下文主要講述的是如何自己種樹，故選項G與此處匹配。 2．F　該部分的主題為Choosing Trees，主要講述的是要謹慎地選擇所種的樹，故F項與此處匹配。下文中的“so it's important to choose wisely”亦是提示。 3．C　根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容可知，你可能沒有足夠的空間來種所有你想種的樹，所以要選擇能在你所能提供的條件中良好生長的樹?？蘸髢?nèi)容圍繞“空間”展開，故C項與此處匹配。 4．B　根據(jù)空前一句“If you plant a tree yourself, carefully follow the instructions given

52、by the nursery or read ‘How to Plant a Tree’．”可知，自己種樹時遵循指南很重要，空處承接上文，故選項B與此處匹配。 5．D　空前一句講的是種好樹后適當?shù)恼樟虾苤匾?，空后一句敘述了具體的照料方法，空處連接上下文；末句中的“Mature plants”與此形成對比，由此可推斷空處講的是對未成熟的植株的照料需要花幾年時間，故選項D與此處匹配。 [2] Curling (冰壺) is a winter sport played on ice. Therefore, it's most popular in northern countries li

53、ke Canada. Curling is played in the USA by about 15,000 people. __1__ Scottish winters were long and there were few forms of entertainment. So people began making a sport out of sliding heavy stones on the frozen lakes. The game spread, and in the 1700s curling clubs formed. Then Scottish soldiers b

54、rought it to North America. __2__ Men, women, and children often compete on the same team, if they can slide a forty－pound stone down the ice! Both teams slide their stones toward the same goal. After all 16 stones have been cast, the team whose stone has slid closest to the goal gets one point. _

55、_3__ The ice is so smooth and the stone is so heavy that even the smallest misjudgment in a throw can make the stone slide much too far or stop too suddenly. __4__ Water helps the stone slide, but it can also change the stone's path. In curling, a broom is part of each player's equipment. A good cu

56、rler must know how much force to use. The player must know the exact conditions of the ice on the court. __5__ That may explain why the international Olympic Committee decided to make curling an Olympic sport in 1998. A．Players compete on the court. B．Then the play begins in the other direction.

57、C．Curling is played by teams of four people. D．In other words, a good curler must be a fine athlete. E．The rules are easy to learn, but playing the game is hard. F．The melting of the ice makes things tough for the curlers. G．Curling probably began in Scotland in the 1500s or earlier. 篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇

58、說明文。文章主要介紹了一項奧林匹克運動項目——冰壺。 1．G　根據(jù)下文的“Scottish winters were long and there were few forms of entertainment. So people began making a sport”可推知，此處是概述冰壺的歷史淵源，所以選G項。 2．C　根據(jù)本段的整體內(nèi)容可知，本段主要講的是冰壺的具體操作規(guī)則，故選C項。 3．E　上段講的是冰壺的操作規(guī)則，本段講的是冰壺的操作規(guī)則學起來容易，但具體操作起來并非易事，所以選E項來承上啟下。 4．F　上文中的“The ice is so smooth and th

59、e stone is so heavy that even the smallest misjudgment in a throw can make the stone slide much too far or stop too suddenly.”說明冰壺在實際操作中并非易事，F(xiàn)項接著說明另一個原因，并且F項中的“The melting of the ice”與空格后的“Water”呼應(yīng)。 5．D　根據(jù)下文的“That may explain why ... in 1998.”可推知，一個好的冰壺球員必須是一個好的運動員，所以選D項。 [3] How to overcome soci

60、al anxiety If you suffer from social anxiety, you will fear certain situations. In whatever situation your fear turns up, you will probably experience sweating, feeling your heart race or other symptoms of anxiety. __1__ No matter what your symptoms are, there are things you can do to deal with so

61、cial anxiety. Relaxing muscles. __2__ It is impossible to feel both relaxed and anxious. For deep muscle relaxation, you will relax the major muscle groups of your body, beginning with your feet and working your way towards your head and face. Breathing slowly. Controlling your breathing when yo

62、u are anxious is another good way to deal with your emotions. When you are anxious, your breath becomes faster and shallower. __3__ If you learn to breathe more slowly and regularly through your nose, you will calm down. Controlling your thoughts. Faulty thinking is another feature of social anxie

63、ty. __4__So it is important to judge whether those thoughts are true. People with social anxiety always overestimate how badly others think of them. Keep in mind that your thoughts are only guesses about what others will think or what you will do. __5__ Most people with social anxiety want to hide

64、 or run away from whatever they are afraid of. But by facing your anxiety instead, you will find that is usually something you can put up with. When using this method, focus on what is going on around you instead of what is going through your mind, and that should help you get out of those anxious t

65、houghts. Have you found any of the described methods useful? If you have other ways to cope with anxiety, don't hesitate to share with us. A．Facing your anxiety. B．Practice makes perfect. C．There is no need to worry, though. D．You will become even more easygoing as time goes by. E．As a result,

66、 you feel more worried, bringing on more anxiety. F．Physical relaxation is one of the best ways to remove anxious feelings. G．Believing that others are finding you wrong in some way is a bad way of thinking. 篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了幾種克服社交焦慮癥的方法。 1．C　上文提出社交恐懼癥的具體表現(xiàn)，下文介紹有解決社交恐懼癥的方法，C項“不過，沒有必要擔心?！逼鸪猩蠁⑾碌淖饔?。 2．F　根據(jù)標題“Relaxing muscles.”以及本段內(nèi)容可知，本段主要講述如何通過放松肌肉來減輕壓力，故F項“身體放松是消除焦慮情緒的最好方法之一?！笔嵌温渲行木洹? 3．E　根據(jù)前一句“When you are anxious, your breath becomes faster and shallower.”可知，當你焦慮時，你的呼吸變得越來越快，越來越淺，E項“結(jié)果，你