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1、專題06 詞性轉(zhuǎn)化（構(gòu)詞法）——高效演練 一．單句語法填空 1. The boy ran (quick)to school. 【答案】quickly 【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)化之形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為副詞?？崭袂暗膔an需用副詞修飾，故填quickly。 2. "What's that? "Father shouted (angry). 【答案】angrily 【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)化之形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為副詞。空格前的shouted需用副詞修飾，故填angrily。 3. The little girl is (extreme)eager to kn

2、ow the result of the exam. 【答案】extremely 【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)化之形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為副詞。空格后的形容詞eager需用副詞修飾，故填extremely。句意：這個(gè)小女孩迫切想知道考試的結(jié)果。 4. Your composition is (bad)organized. Please do your writing exercise more attentively next time. 【答案】badly 【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)化之形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為副詞。空格后的形容詞bad需用副詞修飾，故填badly。句意：你的作文組織結(jié)構(gòu)太差。下次請務(wù)必

3、多加注意。 5. He is rather (self) so that nobody prefers to have a talk with him. 【答案】selfish 【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)化之名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞。空格前的rather是副詞，要修飾形容詞，故填selfish。句意：他這個(gè)人太自私，沒有人愿意跟他說話。 6. The good working condition in the factory is (attract). 【答案】attractive 【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)化之動詞轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞?？崭裉幨潜碚Z位置，需用形容詞，故填att

4、ractive。句意：這家工廠的工作條件很吸引人。 7. He is (rely) so you can depend on him. 【答案】reliable 【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)化之動詞轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞。空格處是表語位置，需用形容詞，故填reliable。 8. They are (nerve) about their first trip abroad. 【答案】nervous 【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)化之名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞?？崭裉幨潜碚Z位置，需用形容詞，故填nervous。 9. The flower is (harm) to our

5、health. 【答案】harmful 【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)化之名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞?？崭裉幨潜碚Z位置，需用形容詞，故填 harmful。 10.It is necessary to have a physical (examine) every year. 【答案】examination 【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)化之動詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞。physical是形容詞，需要修飾名詞。故填examination。 11. Annan will be remembered for his ability and his (warm). 【答案】warmth 【解析】考查

6、詞性轉(zhuǎn)化之形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞。本句中and連接和his ability的并列的結(jié)構(gòu)，故填warmth。 12. Without ( hesitate), I decided to follow them and we did have lots of fun that day. 【答案】hesitation 【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)化之動詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞。Without是介詞，修飾名詞，故填hesitation。句意：我毫不猶豫地決定跟著他們，那天我們確實(shí)玩得很開心。 13. The famous (act)is dancing with her fans. 【答

7、案】actress 【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)化之動詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞。本句中famous是形容詞，修飾名詞。根據(jù)句意“這位著名的演員正在和她的歌迷跳舞?！笨芍頰ctress。 14. We should respect everyone, even a (beg). 【答案】beggar 【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)化之動詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞。根據(jù)空格前的冠詞a可知空格處填名詞。又根據(jù)句意“我們應(yīng)該尊重每個(gè)人，哪怕是乞討?！笨芍頱eggar。 15. My boss is not here. Do you like to speak to one of his (assist)?

8、 【答案】assistants 【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)化之動詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞。根據(jù)空格前的形容詞性物主動詞詞his可知空格處填名詞。又根據(jù)句意“我老板不在這里。你想和他的助手談?wù)剢幔俊笨芍頰ssistants。 16.As they couldn't play outdoors，they were (happy), and some even got into fights from time to time. 【答案】unhappy 【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)化之互為反義詞的形容詞相互轉(zhuǎn)化。根據(jù)句意“因?yàn)樗麄儾荒茉趹敉馔嫠?，所以他們很不高興，有些人甚至不時(shí)地打架?！笨芍顄nhapp

9、y。 17. People on welfare are wrongly seen as lazy or ( honest）. 【答案】dishonest 【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)化之互為反義詞的形容詞相互轉(zhuǎn)化。根據(jù)句意“靠福利為生的人士被錯(cuò)誤地視為懶惰或不誠實(shí)。”可知填dishonest。 18. (formal)clothes are suitable for wearing at home or in ordinary situations. 【答案】Informal 【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)化之互為反義詞的形容詞相互轉(zhuǎn)化。根據(jù)句意“非正式的衣服適合在家

10、里或普通場合穿。”可知填I(lǐng)nformal 。 19. Travelling abroad can ( broad)our horizons. 【答案】broaden 【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)化之形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動詞。本句中，can是情態(tài)動詞，需接動詞原形，故填broaden。句意：出國旅行可以開闊我們的視野。 20. The clever boy has the ability to （simple）that dull story. 【答案】simplify 【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)化之形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動詞。本句中，動詞不定式符號to后接動詞原形， ，故填simpli

11、fy。句意：那個(gè)聰明的男孩有能力簡單化那個(gè)無聊的故事。 21. He eventually (real) his ambition to become a scientist. 【答案】realize 【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)化之形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動詞。本句中，副詞eventually修飾謂語動詞，根據(jù)句意“他最終實(shí)現(xiàn)了成為一名科學(xué)家的志向。”故填realize。 22. The shout made the little baby felt (frighten). 【答案】frightened 【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)化之動詞轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞。本句中空格處做表語，需

12、用形容詞，又根據(jù)句意“那喊叫聲使小寶寶感到害怕了。”可知填frightened。 23. His (surprise)look suggested that he knew nothing about it. 【答案】surprised 【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)化之名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞?？崭窈蟮膌ook 是名詞，被形容詞性物主代詞his和空格所填之詞共同修飾，又根據(jù)句意“他感到驚訝的表情暗示他對此一無所知?！惫侍顂urprised。 24. The story sounds funny and we are (interest)in it. 【答案】inte

13、rested 【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)化之名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞?？崭裉幨潜碚Z，需用形容詞，又根據(jù)句意“這個(gè)故事聽起來很有意思，我們對它感興趣?！惫侍頸nterested。 25. (fortunate), Natalie's family escaped to Brooklyn shortly before the city 's bridge closed. 【答案】Fortunately 【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)化之形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為副詞。空格處修飾整句，做狀語，需用副詞Fortunately。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，娜塔莉的家人在這座城市的橋關(guān)閉前不久逃到了布魯克林。 26. It's st

14、ill a useful and pleasant form of (communicate). 【答案】communication 【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)化之動詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞。本句中，空格處做介詞of的賓語，需用名詞，故填communication。句意：它仍然是一種有用和愉快的交流方式。 27. It is not (surprise) that young people are likely to burst out, particularly when there are reasons to do so. 【答案】surprising 【

15、解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)化之名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞?？崭裉幾霰碚Z，需用形容詞。又根據(jù)句意“年輕人可能會突然爆發(fā)，這并不奇怪，特別是在有理由這樣做的情況下?！笨芍顂urprising。 28.Chinese scientists (recent) had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby. 【答案】recently 【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)化之形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為副詞。本句中空格處做時(shí)間狀語修飾全句，故填副詞recently。句意：中國科學(xué)家最近有機(jī)會研究一只帶著新生嬰兒的野生雌性熊貓。 29. The college

16、 years are supposed to be a time for important (grow) in autonomy(自主性)and the development of adult identity. 【答案】growth 【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)化之動詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞。本句中，空格前的形容詞important定語修飾名詞，故填growth。句意：大學(xué)時(shí)期應(yīng)該是自主性以及成人身份的發(fā)展的重要成長時(shí)期。 30. Some schools will have to make (adjust) in agreement with the national soc

17、cer reform. 【答案】adjustment 【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)化之動詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞。本句中空格處做動詞make的賓語，需用名詞形式，故填adjustment。句意：一些學(xué)校必須與國家足球改革協(xié)調(diào)一致。 31. We should see (fail) as a requirement for moving towards our goals. 【答案】failure 【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)化之動詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞。本句中空格處做動詞see的賓語，需用名詞，故填failure。句意：我們應(yīng)該把失敗看作是朝著我們的目標(biāo)前進(jìn)的一項(xiàng)要求。 32. You can live a m

18、ore (power) life when you devote some of your time and energy to something much larger than yourself. 【答案】powerful 【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)化之名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞。本句中空格處作定語修飾名詞life，故填形容詞形式powerful。句意：當(dāng)你把你的一些時(shí)間和精力花在比你自己更大的事情上時(shí)，你可以過上更強(qiáng)大的生活。 33. Ants are gathering their winter food in the middle of summer and make

19、 (prepare)for the long cold winter. 【答案】preparations 【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)化之動詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞。本句中空格處做動詞make的賓語，需用名詞形式。又因?yàn)閙ake preparations for“為……做準(zhǔn)備”是固定搭配，故填名詞復(fù)數(shù)preparations。句意：螞蟻在仲夏收集他們的冬季食物，為漫長的寒冷的冬天做準(zhǔn)備。 34. It is (danger) for a woman to walk alone at night. 【答案】dangerous 【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)化之名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞。本句中空格處做表語，需用

20、形容詞，故填dangerous。 二．單句改錯(cuò) 1. Most people nowadays are so busy with their lives that they do not have time to enjoy a healthy and balance diet. 【答案】balance改為balanced 【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)化之名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞。本句中，and連接并列形容詞形式修飾名詞 diet，故把balance改為balanced。句

21、意：如今，大多數(shù)人都忙于自己的生活，以至于沒有時(shí)間享受健康和平衡的飲食。 2.I don't think it a reason practice for them to behave that way in our society. 【答案】practice改為practical 【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)化之名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞。practice是形容詞，需用形容詞修飾,故把practice改為practical。句意：我認(rèn)為他們在我們的社會中這樣做并不是一個(gè)合理的做法。 3.I know as an excellent guide I should make

22、 your journey interesting and meaningless. 【答案】meaningless改為meaningful 【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)化之互為反義詞的形容詞的相互轉(zhuǎn)化。根據(jù)句意“我知道作為一個(gè)優(yōu)秀的向?qū)?，我?yīng)該讓你的旅程變得有趣和有意義?！惫拾裮eaningless改為meaningful。 4. With each shovel of dirt which hit his back, the donkey was doing something amazed. 【答案】amazed改為amazing 【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)化之

23、過去分詞轉(zhuǎn)化為現(xiàn)在分詞。根據(jù)句意“隨著每一鐵鍬土落到它的背上，驢子都在做一件令人驚訝的事情?！? 5. In the laboratory, chimps don't naturally share food either. Human children, on the other hand, are extremely cooperate. 【答案】cooperate改為cooperated 【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)化之動詞轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞。cooperate既做表語有被副詞ext

24、remely修飾，故把cooperate改為cooperated。句意：在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里，黑猩猩也不會自然分享食物。另一方面，人類兒童非常合作。 6.When we felt hunger， we went out and had lunch. 【答案】 hunger改為 hungry 【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)化之名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞。本句中，hunger做表語，表示“感到饑餓的”，需用形容詞形式。故把hunger改為 hungry。 7. The fruits are small in size, but juicy and ta

25、ste. 【答案】taste改為 tasty 【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)化之動詞轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞。本句中，and連接兩個(gè)并列的形容詞，故把taste改為 tasty。 8. They are true good birds that are worth every effort we put into recovering them. 【答案】true改為truly 【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)化之形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為副詞。本句中true修飾形容詞good，需用副詞形式。故把true改為truly。句意：它們是真正的好鳥，值得我們盡一切努力去找回它們。 7