《（浙京津魯瓊專版）2020版高考英語大二輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題二 閱讀理解 第二節(jié) 推理判斷題 二 觀點態(tài)度題學(xué)案 新人教版》由會員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《（浙京津魯瓊專版）2020版高考英語大二輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題二 閱讀理解 第二節(jié) 推理判斷題 二 觀點態(tài)度題學(xué)案 新人教版（18頁珍藏版）》請在裝配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、二、觀點態(tài)度題 (2019·北京，C) Theproblemofrobocallshasgottensobadthatmanypeoplenowrefusetopickupcallsfromnumberstheydon’tknow.Bynextyear，halfofthecallswereceivewillbescams(欺詐)．Wearefinallywakinguptotheseverityoftheproblembysupportinganddevelopingagroupoftools，appsandapproachesintendedtopreventscammersfrom

2、gettingthrough.Unfortunately，it’stoolittle，toolate.Bythetimethese“solutions”(解決方案)becomewidelyavailable，scammerswillhavemovedontocleverermeans.Inthenearfuture，it’snotjustgoingtobethenumberyouseeonyourscreenthatwillbeindoubt.Soonyouwillalsoquestionwhetherthevoiceyou’rehearingisactuallyreal. That’sbe

3、causethereareanumberofpowerfulvoicemanipulation(處理) andautomationtechnologiesthatareabouttobecomewidelyavailableforanyonetouse.Atthisyear’sI/OConference，acompanyshowedanewvoicetechnologyabletoproducesuchaconvincinghuman-soundingvoicethatitwasabletospeaktoareceptionistandbookareservationwithoutdetect

4、ion. Thesedevelopmentsarelikelytomakeourcurrentproblemswithrobocallsmuchworse.Thereasonthatrobocallsareaheadachehaslesstodowithamountthanprecision.Adecadeofdatabreaches(數(shù)據(jù)侵入) ofpersonalinformationhasledtoasituationwherescammerscaneasilylearnyourmother’sname，andfarmore.Armedwiththisknowledge，they’re

5、abletocarryoutindividuallytargetedcampaignstocheatpeople.Thismeans，forexample，thatascammercouldcallyoufromwhatlookstobeafamiliarnumberandtalktoyouusingavoicethatsoundsexactlylikeyourbankteller’s，trickingyouinto“confirming”youraddress，mother’sname，andcardnumber.Scammersfollowmoney，socompanieswillbeth

6、eworsthit.Alotofbusinessisstilldoneoverthephone，andmuchofitisbasedontrustandexistingrelationships.Voicemanipulationtechnologiesmayweakenthatgradually. Weneedtodealwiththeinsecurenatureofourtelecomnetworks.Phonecarriersandconsumersneedtoworktogethertofindwaysofdeterminingandcommunicatingwhatisreal.T

7、hatmightmeaneitherdevelopingauniformwaytomarkvideosandimages，showingwhenandwhotheyweremadeby，orabandoningphonecallsaltogetherandmovingtowardsdata-basedcommunications—usingappslikeFaceTimeorWhatsApp，whichcanbetiedtoyouridentity. Credibilityishardtoearnbuteasytolose，andtheproblemisonlygoingtogetharde

8、rfromhereonout. 38．Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutthesolutionstotheproblemofrobocalls? A．Panicked. B．Confused. C．Embarrassed. D．Disappointed. 答案　D 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Unfortunately，it’stoolittle，toolate.Bythetimethese‘solutions’(解決方案) becomewidelyavailable，scammerswillhavemovedontocleverermeans.”可知這些措

9、施太少，也太晚，等到這些“解決方案”被廣泛使用時，不法分子就會轉(zhuǎn)向更聰明的手段。由此可推知，作者對騷擾電話問題的解決方案感到很失望，故D項正確。 39．Takingadvantageofthenewtechnologies，scammerscan. A．a(chǎn)imatvictimsprecisely B．damagedatabaseseasily C．startcampaignsrapidly D．spreadinformationwidely 答案　A 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的第二句“Thereasonthatrobocallsareaheadachehaslesstodowit

10、hamountthanprecision.”可知，騷擾電話讓人頭疼的原因是它能準(zhǔn)確地獲取受害人的信息，故A項正確。 40．Whatdoesthepassageimply? A．Honestyisthebestpolicy. B．Technologiescanbedouble-edged. C．Therearemoresolutionsthanproblems. D．Credibilityholdsthekeytodevelopment. 答案　B 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段可知，新技術(shù)可以給人們帶來便利，第三段論述了這一技術(shù)讓不法分子有了可乘之機(jī)，由此可知，技術(shù)是把雙刃劍，故B

11、項正確。 41．Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage? A．WheretheProblemofRobocallsIsRooted B．WhoIstoBlamefortheProblemofRobocalls C．WhyRobocallsAreAbouttoGetMoreDangerous D．HowRobocallsAreAffectingtheWorldofTechnology 答案　C 解析　標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，首段介紹了越來越多的人拒接未知號碼的電話的現(xiàn)象，接下來著重闡述了這類電話給人們帶來危害的原因，

12、最后給出了解決方案，故C項最適合作本文標(biāo)題。 一、題型解讀 所謂作者的觀點和態(tài)度，就是表達(dá)作者對某個話題、行為、事件的看法、感覺或判斷。作者的觀點和態(tài)度一般分為三大類：支持、贊同、樂觀；客觀、中立；反對、批評、懷疑、悲觀。作者的這種思想傾向和感情色彩往往隱含在文章的字里行間。因此，在推斷過程中，應(yīng)特別注意文中作者的措辭，尤其是表達(dá)感情色彩的形容詞或副詞。此類試題往往讓考生推斷文章作者或文中人物對某事所持的態(tài)度、觀點或看法，或推斷文中人物的語氣、性格等。設(shè)問形式常有： 1．What’sthewriter’sattitudetowards...? 2．Whatistheauthor’s

13、opinionon...? 3．Whatdoestheauthorthink/feelabout...? 二、解題技巧——“忠于措辭”定選項 1．文章作者或文中人物對某事物所持的觀點或態(tài)度往往隱含在文章的字里行間或流露于修飾詞之中，注意文中作者或人物的措辭。 (1)正確掌握字里行間所隱含或流露的意思，切不可用自己的觀點來代替作者或文中人物的觀點。 (2)留意那些描寫所處氛圍的語言及表達(dá)情感、態(tài)度或觀點的詞語或句子。 (3)結(jié)合平時所積累的有關(guān)英語國家的文化傳統(tǒng)、風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣等的背景知識來進(jìn)行合理的推斷。 (4)關(guān)注首段首尾句，推斷文章主題，確定作者觀點。 2．要分清選項中的表示支持

14、或肯定、中立、反對或否定的詞語，再以此對照文章內(nèi)容。下面是一些常見的有關(guān)作者情感、態(tài)度的詞語： (1)表示支持或肯定的詞語 favorable贊同的，有利的；positive積極的，肯定的，確實的；supportive支持的；approval贊成，正式批準(zhǔn)；reasonable合理的；enthusiastic熱情的等。 (2)表示反對或否定的詞語 critical批評的；negative否定的，消極的；disapproval不贊成；impractical不實際的；radical激進(jìn)的；prejudiced有成見的，偏頗的等。 (3)表示中立、客觀的態(tài)度 objective客觀的；n

15、eutral中立的；indifferent漠然的 例如：【真題感悟】中第38題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Unfortunately，it’stoolittle，toolate.Bythetimethese‘solutions’(解決方案) becomewidelyavailable，scammerswillhavemovedontocleverermeans.”可知這些措施太少，也太晚，等到這些“解決方案”被廣泛使用時，不法分子就會轉(zhuǎn)向更聰明的手段。由此可推知，作者對騷擾電話問題的解決方案感到很失望，故D項正確。 A (2019·吉林三模) Forthelastfewmonths, Iha

16、vegivenupwhatwaspreviouslyoneofmyfavoritefoods：beef.Eatinglessredmeatandbehealthier, betterfortheenvironmentand—surprisinglytome—reallyeasytodoso.Sometimesitseemslikemuchofourfoodisstuckinacycleofexcessive(過度的) productionandexcessive1consumption. Meatconsumptiontodaycontributesto4globalwarminganden

17、vironmentaldegradation(退化)．It’s2estimatedthat14.5%ofglobalman-madegreenhousegasemission(排放) comefromlivestock(家畜)—whichismorethanthecontributionfromallformsoftransport.Beefproduction5makesup41%ofthoseemissions.Lastyear, Brazilreporteda28%increaseinAmazoniandeforestation(森林采伐)—80%ofdeforestedlandinBr

18、azilisthenusedforcattlefarming.Modernbeeffarmingisalsoahugedrain(流干) onwaterresources. Butitispossibletochange.Reducingmeatconsumptionisagrowingtrend,8drivenbyhealthandenvironmentalconsiderations.Aswitchtoa“healthydiet”as6recommendedbyHarvardMedicalSchool—whichstillincludeseatingmeat，fishandeggs—wo

19、uldreducegreenhousegasemissionsfromfoodproductionby36%.TheNorwegianmilitaryannounceditisswitchingaone-daytoaone-weekvegetariandietinamoveagainstglobalwarming, whileevenintheUSconsumptionofred-meatisfalling. Andasforyourstruly，Ifeelhealthier，moreactiveandbymakingmydietmorevariedIneverfeellikeIammiss

20、ingoutonanything.Stoppingeatingbeefhasalsohadaknock-oneffectontherestofmydiet，andIameatingless.Cattleandotherlivestockdon’thavetobeenvironmentallyharmful.Grass-fedcattleneedmuchsmallerresourceinput.Andasithasbeenshown, livestock, ifmanagedproperly, canevenrestoredegradedland. Inthelongerterm, asBil

21、lGateshighlighted, thereisalsogreatpotentialforadvanceinfieldslikesynthetic(合成) meat.Andthereareothermoresourcesofefficientprotein; likeinsects！9Butinaworldwheremorepeoplearenowdyingfromobesitythanmalnutrition(營養(yǎng)不良)—whenhundredsofmillionsofpeoplestilldon’thaveenoughtoeat, wecan’tsolvethisproblembysi

22、mplycontinuingtomake“conventional”intensivefarmingmoreintensive. 語篇解讀　本文主要講了牛肉的消費對于環(huán)境和健康的不利之處，并呼吁人們減少紅肉的消費。 1．Whyhastheauthorgivenupeatingbeef? A．Itisbetterforhishealthandglobalwarming. B．Itcanpreventhimfrombeingobesity. C．Itisbetterforbothhealthandenvironment. D．Helikesvegetariandietverymuc

23、h. 答案　C 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“Eatinglessredmeatandbehealthier, betterfortheenvironmentand—surprisinglytome—reallyeasytodoso.”可知，少吃牛肉對于健康和環(huán)境都好。故選C。 2．Whatresultdoescattlefarmingleadto? A．Thelossofdeforestation. B．Thegreatlossofwaterresources. C．Thelossofman-madegreenhouse. D．Thelossoflivestock. 答

24、案　B 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后兩句“Lastyear，Brazilreporteda28%increaseinAmazoniandeforestation(森林采伐)—80%ofdeforestedlandinBrazilisthenusedforcattlefarming.Modernbeeffarmingisalsoahugedrain(流干) onwaterresources.”可知，養(yǎng)牛造成大量水資源的流失。故選B。 3．What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsraisingsomelivestockinanenvironmentalway?

25、A．Negative. B．Doubtful. C．Favorable. D．Protective. 答案　C 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后三句“Cattleandotherlivestockdon’thavetobeenvironmentallyharmful.Grass-fedcattleneedmuchsmallerresourceinput.Andasithasbeenshown, livestock, ifmanagedproperly, canevenrestoredegradedland.”可知，如果管理得當(dāng)，畜牧養(yǎng)殖甚至可以恢復(fù)退化的土地，可見作者是持支持態(tài)度的。

26、故選C。 4．InBillGates’opinion, wecangetefficientproteinby. A．raisingmoreinsects B．raisingmorecattle C．developingman-mademeat D．developingintensivefarming 答案　C 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Inthelongerterm, asBillGateshighlighted, thereisalsogreatpotentialforadvanceinfieldslikesynthetic(合成) meat.”可知，從長遠(yuǎn)來看，在

27、合成肉等領(lǐng)域也有很大的發(fā)展?jié)摿?。故選C。 B (2019·廣西南寧二模) Anewstudyshowsthatwhenteachersparticipateinatrainingprogramfocusedonprosocial(親社會的) classroombehavior，theirstudentsarebetterabletocontroltheiremotions，andthatchildrenwhocanregulateemotionsaremorelikelytobeacademicallysuccessful. 10Forthestudy，whichappears

28、inPreventionScience，researcherslookedatmorethan100teachersand1,817studentsfromkindergartentothirdgradetoseeifteacherscouldsupportstudents’emotionalandbehavioralgrowththroughtheIncredibleYearsTeacherClassroomManagement(IYTCM) program. Theprogramusesvideosandtrainingsessions，alongwithrole-playingandc

29、oaching，tohelpteacherslearnmanagementskillssuchasusingbehavior-specificpraise，buildingpositiverelationshipswithstudents，andconsideringhowtoreducepoorbehavior.Teachersinthetraininggroupincreased3interactionswithstudentsby64percentcomparedwith53percentforteachersinthecontrolgroupwithoutthetraining. “

30、Emotionalregulationistheabilitytorecognizewhatbehavioris7appropriateinthepresentsituation，”saysWendyReinke，professorintheCollegeofEducationattheUniversityofMissouri.“Forexample，astudentmighthavedifficultycontrollingthefeelingofangerifheorshebecomesannoyedwithanotherstudent.Butunderthisprogram，thetea

31、cherencouragesthemtomovetoadifferentspotintheclassroom，effectivelyteachingthemthatsometimessteppingawayandtakingabreakisagoodwaytocalmdownandmanagethatfeeling.” Afteroneschoolyearofusingtheprograminclassrooms，studentsimprovedtheirsocialabilityandabilitytoregulatetheiremotions.Theseimprovementsresul

32、tedinanincreaseinthetestsforstudentsinIncredibleYearsclassroomsvs.studentsincontrolclassrooms.Andthisclassroommanagementapproachcanhelpreducetheriskofstrugglinglearnersearlyon，whichcouldhelppreventmoreaccumulativesupportthatneedsinachild’sfuture. 語篇解讀　本文是一篇科普文，介紹了一個新的教師培訓(xùn)項目。參與了該項目的老師在教學(xué)過程中能更有效地幫助孩子

33、們控制他們的情緒。 5．WhatdotheteachersdointheIYTCMprogram? A．Learnhowtoidentifypoorbehavior. B．Offertheresearchersadviceonemotionalcontrol. C．Takecareofkidsfromkindergartentothirdgrade. D．Applydifferentwaystolearninghowtomanagekids. 答案　D 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Theprogramusesvideosandtrainingsessions，alon

34、gwithrole-playingandcoaching，tohelpteacherslearnmanagementskills...”可知答案為D。 6．WhatdoWendyReinke’swordssuggestinPara.4? A．Nowitishardforstudentstocontroltheiranger. B．Acalmmannerisaneffectivewaytohandleproblems. C．Fewcanrealizetheirbehaviorisunfitforasituation. D．Theprogramwillshowhowtohandletro

35、ublesomekids. 答案　B 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句中的“theteacherencouragesthemtomovetoadifferentspotintheclassroom，effectivelyteachingthemthatsometimessteppingawayandtakingabreakisagoodwaytocalmdownandmanagethatfeeling.”可以推出答案為B。 7．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthetrainingprogram? A．Positive. B．Negative. C

36、．Subjective. D．Indifferent. 答案　A 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文及第一段中的“...theirstudentsarebetterabletocontroltheiremotions，andthatchildrenwhocanregulateemotionsaremorelikelytobeacademicallysuccessful.”可推知答案為A。 8．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph? A．Studyresultsoftheprogramareentirelyunexpected. B．Theprogramadva

37、ncesthestudents’academicperformance. C．Studentsincontrolclassroomscanbettercontroltheiremotions. D．Studentschangetheirbadbehaviorshortlythroughtheprogram. 答案　B 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句“These improvements resulted in an increase in the tests for students in Incredible Years classroom vs.students in con

38、trol classrooms.”可推出答案為B。 Ⅰ.障礙詞匯突破 (一)閱讀下列句子，并根據(jù)句意猜測畫線部分的意思 1．Theyfoundthatmoreon-demandentertainmentviewingontabletsinsteadofTVsanddesktopcomputerscouldcutenergyconsumptionby44%.(2018·全國Ⅰ)n．消耗 2．Scientistsestimatethatsmokingreduceslifeexpectancybyaround12yearsonaverage.v.估算 3．Evenifyouhavehu

39、ndredsofreasonstocontactyourfriendsviaQQorWeChat，onereasonisenoughtomakeyouturnoffyoursmartphonesortabletstohaveaface-to-faceinteraction. n.相互交流 (二)同義詞語替換 4．Alackofagloballawmeansscientistscanclonehumansincountrieswherethebandoesnotexist.worldwide 5．Computersmakeup5%ofthecountry’scommercialelect

40、ricityconsumption.accountfor 6．TheDietaryGuidelinesforAmericansrecommendsthatadultsandchildrenshouldeatavarietyoffruitandvegetablestohelpthemachieveandmaintainahealthyweight.suggests/advises 7．Theappropriateattitudevolunteersshouldpossessistobehavedecently.proper (三)一詞多義 8．drivev．駕駛；驅(qū)使；迫使；擊，敲 (

41、1)Curiositydrivesusthroughourlivessothatweneverstopwonderingaboutthethingsbeyondourknowledge.驅(qū)使 (2)Withoneblow，hedrovethenailintothewall.擊，敲 (3)Hedrovealongforseveralmilesbeforehespottedanyone.駕駛 Ⅱ.長難句理解 9．Butinaworldwheremorepeoplearenowdyingfromobesitythanmalnutrition(營養(yǎng)不良)—whenhundredsofmilli

42、onsofpeoplestilldon’thaveenoughtoeat，wecan’tsolvethisproblembysimplycontinuingtomake“conventional”intensivefarmingmoreintensive. [句式分析]　本句主句為wecan’tsolvethisproblem，inaworld是地點狀語，后面where引導(dǎo)的是定語從句，修飾先行詞world；when引導(dǎo)的是時間狀語從句，表示dyingfromobesitythanmalnutrition發(fā)生的時間。bysimplycontinuing...作方式狀語。 [精美譯文]　但是

43、在這個世界，死于肥胖的人數(shù)比死于營養(yǎng)不良的人數(shù)還多，與此同時，數(shù)億人還沒有足夠的食物吃，現(xiàn)在我們不能僅僅通過繼續(xù)使“傳統(tǒng)”的集約化農(nóng)業(yè)更加集約化來解決這個問題。 10．Forthestudy，whichappearsinPreventionScience，researcherslookedatmorethan100teachersand1,817studentsfromkindergartentothirdgradetoseeifteacherscouldsupportstudents’emotionalandbehavioralgrowththroughtheIncredibleYears

44、TeacherClassroomManagement(IYTCM) program. [句式分析]　本句是一個主從復(fù)合句。researcherslookedatmorethan100teachersand1,817studentsfromkindergartentothirdgrade為主句。which引導(dǎo)的是定語從句，修飾先行詞study。tosee作的是目的狀語；后面的if引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句。throughtheIncredibleYearsTeacherClassroomManagement (IYTCM) program是介詞短語作狀語。 [精美譯文]　為了這項出現(xiàn)在《預(yù)防科學(xué)》上的

45、研究，研究人員觀察了100多名教師和1817名從幼兒園到三年級的學(xué)生，看教師能否通過“難以置信年教師課堂管理”(IYTCM)項目來支持學(xué)生的情感和行為發(fā)展。 強化練(十三) Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A [2019·江西省名校(臨川一中、南昌二中)聯(lián)考] Astheinternationaldemandfornarrative(敘事的) film/TV content continues to increase with popular streaming services like Netflix and others，the two questions then come：will the

46、 coming generations receive most of their entertainment through visual means rather than through the written word and will such an increase of narrative film/TVreducetheimportanceofreading? Growingexamplesofthistrendincludethediminishment(減少) offictioninthecommoncore(核心的) curriculum，theever-risingc

47、ultureofcomputergames，thewaveofstreamingservicesofwideinternationalreach，andmoviesfilledwithspecialeffectsmadeforchildrenandteenagers.Normustweignoretheeconomicdangersthatlieaheadforthewrittenword.Thenarrativefilmindustryisamoneymakerthatdwarfs(使相形見絀) thepublishingindustry. Theotherunderlyingquesti

48、on，ofcourse，is“doesitreallymatterifthewrittenwordbowstotheworldofnarrativefilm/TV？”Frommypointofview，anydiminishmentoffictiondeliveredbywordsisalossformankind. Thereisnogreaterhumanfeaturethantheimagination.Itliesattheverysoulofthehumanspecies.Itisthebrain’smostpowerfulengine.Itistheessentialmuscle

49、oflifeandlikeallmusclesitmustbeexercisedandstrengthened. Writingandreadingaretheprincipaltoolsthatinspire，createandempowerourimagination.Anythingthatdiminishesthatpoweristheenemyofmankind. ItshouldbeknownthatIamnotopposedtonewmediaandtechnologicaladvances.Instead，Ihavealwaysfeltitnecessarytoadaptt

50、oadvancingtechnology.Infact，anumberofmynovelsareinvariousstagesofdevelopmentforfilm，TV，andlivestageproductions.Myhopeisthatthewrittenwordwillonlystandtobecomplemented(補充) byitsvisualcounterparts(對應(yīng)物)，notpushedtotheedgeofextinction. Ofcourse，therearethosewhowillpresentargumentsforthesuperiorityofthe

51、movingimageoverthewrittenword.Eachhasitsplace.Myargumentisforfindingtherightbalancebetweenitandthemovingimage. 語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文，介紹了敘事電影行業(yè)的發(fā)展讓文字變得相形見絀。作者認(rèn)為文字是激發(fā)和增強我們想象力的重要工具，同時表達(dá)了對閱讀的命運的擔(dān)心。 1．Inwhatwaydoesnarrativefilm/TVembarrassthewrittenword? A．Economicbenefits. B．Internationalreach. C．Cultura

52、linfluence. D．Educationalimportance. 答案　A 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Thenarrativefilmindustryisamoneymakerthatdwarfs(使相形見絀) thepublishingindustry.”可知，敘事電影行業(yè)是一個令出版行業(yè)相形見絀的賺錢行業(yè)，由此可知，敘事電影行業(yè)在經(jīng)濟(jì)利益方面使文字變得尷尬。故選A。 2．Whydoestheauthorvaluetheroleofthewrittenword? A．Itstrengthensourmuscles. B．Ithelpssharpenourima

53、gination. C．Itdistinguishesmanfromeachother. D．Itpavesthewayfornarrativefilm/TV. 答案　B 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段第一句“Writingandreadingaretheprincipaltoolsthatinspire，createandempowerourimagination.”可知，寫作和閱讀是激發(fā)、創(chuàng)造和增強我們想象力的主要工具，由此可知，作者重視文字的作用是因為它能提高我們的想象力。故選B。 3．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstechnology? A．

54、Cautious. B．Skeptical. C．Positive. D．Critical. 答案　C 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第二句“Instead，Ihavealwaysfeltitnecessarytoadapttoadvancingtechnology.”可知，作者覺得有必要適應(yīng)先進(jìn)的技術(shù)，由此可推知，作者對技術(shù)持積極的態(tài)度。故選C項。 4．What’stheauthorconcernedabout? A．Thefateofreading. B．Theextinctionoffiction. C．Theimpactofthewrittenword. D．Thef

55、utureofthemovingimage. 答案　A 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句“Myhopeisthatthewrittenwordwillonlystandtobecomplemented(補充) byitsvisualcounterparts(對應(yīng)物)，notpushedtotheedgeofextinction.”可知，作者希望書面文字會得到視覺文字的補充，而不是被推到滅絕的邊緣，由此可知，作者擔(dān)心的是閱讀的命運。故選A。 B (2019·湖南益陽模擬) Asix-wheeledrobottravelsundergroundinHefeitodiscove

56、rwarningsignsoffaultsinsidethepipelinenetwork.“Itlookslikeatoycaratfirst，butit’smuchmorecomplicatedthanthat，”saidXuMao，therobot’soperator. Thepipelinerobot，developedbyWuhanEasy-SightTechnology，ismadeupoffourparts—crawler，camera，cablereel，andcontroller.Afullchargecanenabletherobottoworkforfourtofive

57、hours，coveringadistancebetween800and1,000metersintheundergroundpipeline. TherobotmadeitsappearancelastmonthinShushanDistrict.Itwillcarryoutinspectionsoftheundergroundpipelinenetworkstretching150kilometers.“Whetherthepipeisleaking，damagedorblocked，wecanclearlyseeitssituationthroughhigh-definition(高清

58、晰度的)camerasfixedintotherobot，”saidQiChuanshuaifromtheprovincialconstructionengineeringandtestinginstitute. Thereal-timedataincludingvideoimagesofthepipewillbeuploadedanddisplayedonacomputer.“Ifwefindanyproblems，westoptherobotandrecordtheflaws，”Xusaid.“Wereportthefaultstolocalgovernment，whowillarran

59、getherepairassoonaspossible.” Withtherapiddevelopmentofcities，itisbecomingincreasinglydifficulttomanageundergroundpipelines.Amongallthedifficulties，discoveringfaultsinthesewage(污水) andrainwaterpipelinescomesfirst.ManyothercitiessuchasWuhan，Nanjing，Shenzhen，andShanghaiareusingtherobotstoinspecttheir

60、pipelines，therobot’sdevelopersaid. Equippedwithenvironmentaldetectionsensors，therobotscanmonitortemperatureanddamp，poisonousgases，oxygenlevelsandsmokedensity，whileprovidingcolordiagraminrealtime.“Comparedwithhumanworkers，robotsareabletoentersmallerpipesandareimmune (有免疫力) topoisonousgasesinsewagepi

61、pes，”saidGeShenglifromShushanDistrict’scitymanagementcompany.“Nodiggingisrequiredandthereisnoneedtointerrupttraffic，”Geadded. 語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文。伴隨著城市的快速發(fā)展，管理地下管道變得日益艱難。研發(fā)人員發(fā)明了管道機(jī)器人，在很大程度上解決了這個難題。與人工處理管道問題相比，管道機(jī)器人的優(yōu)勢顯而易見。 5．WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytellusaboutthepipelinerobot? A．Itsdeveloper. B．Itsc

62、omponents. C．Itscharacteristics. D．Itsoutwardappearance. 答案　C 解析　段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知，該段主要介紹了管道機(jī)器人的一些特征。故選C。 6．Whatisthetoughestinmanagingundergroundpipelinesincities? A．Locatingthepositionwherethepipelinesare. B．Handlingthepoisonousgasesinsewagepipes. C．Arrangingtherepairandmaintenanceofpipelin

63、es. D．Discoveringflawsinthesewageandrainwaterpipelines. 答案　D 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段第二句“Amongallthedifficulties，discoveringfaultsinthesewage(污水) andrainwaterpipelinescomesfirst.”可知，在城市地下管線管理中，最困難的是找出污水、雨水管道的裂痕。故選D。 7．Whatdoestheauthorintendtodointhelastparagraph? A．Addsomebackgroundinformation. B．Intro

64、duceanewtopicfordiscussion. C．Summarizethepreviousparagraphs. D．Presentsomenewfunctionsofrobots. 答案　A 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的前半部分“機(jī)器人配備了環(huán)境檢測傳感器，可以監(jiān)測溫度、濕度、有毒氣體、氧氣濃度和煙霧密度，同時實時提供彩色圖表?！笨赏浦?，該段的目的是介紹與管道機(jī)器人有關(guān)的一些背景知識。故選A。 8．WhatisGeShengli’sattitudetowardsthepipelinerobots? A．Doubtful. B．Appreciative. C．Cri

65、tical. D．Indifferent. 答案　B 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中GeShengli列舉的這種管道機(jī)器人與人類相比工作時的許多優(yōu)點，由此可推斷出GeShengli對于管道機(jī)器人的態(tài)度應(yīng)該是積極的和贊賞的。故選B。 C Beingabletotakeadvantageoftrulyunlimiteddataisasmartphoneuser’sdream，buteveryoneI’vetalkedtoabout5Gismoreexcitedabouttheusageunlockedbynext-generationwirelessdevices.Fromsmartho

66、mesecuritytoself-drivingcars，alltheInternet-connectedequipmentinyourlifewillbeabletotalktoeachotheratlightning-fastspeedwithreducedlatency(延遲)． “5Gisoneofthoseforerunners，alongwithartificialintelligence，ofthiscomingdataage，”saidSteveKoenig，seniordirectorofmarketresearchfortheConsumerTechnologyAssociation.“Self-drivingvehiclesareemblematicinthisdataage—theyshowapplicationofdatacompletely.Withonesingletask，driving，youhavelargeamountsofdatacomingfromthevehicleitself，andavarietyofsensors(傳感器) areco