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1、八年級(jí)英語上冊(cè) 考點(diǎn)剖析+典題精講 Module 1《 How to learn English》教案 外研版 三點(diǎn)剖析 單詞·典句·考點(diǎn) translate [] v. 翻譯 【經(jīng)典例句】This novel translates well. 這本小說譯得很好。 【考點(diǎn)聚焦】1)注意常用搭配:translate...into.../put...into...把……譯成……;translate...for...為……翻譯 2)派生詞:translation n. 翻譯;translator n.翻譯者 【活學(xué)活用】1.選擇 Can you translate

2、 this letter from German English? A.to　 B.as　　 C.in　　　　　　D.into 答案：D repeat ［］v. 重復(fù) 【經(jīng)典例句】Don’t repeat the mistake. 不要再犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤。 【考點(diǎn)聚焦】同義詞辨析:repeat 意為“重復(fù)一遍,再說一遍”,相當(dāng)于say...again;say 指“說什么(說的內(nèi)容)”;speak 指“說某種語言”;tell 指“告訴”,常用于tell sb.to do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)中;talk 指“談?wù)摗?常用于talk to/with sb.和talk

3、about sth.結(jié)構(gòu)中。 【活學(xué)活用】2.選擇 Sorry,I can’t catch you.Could you it again? A.repeat B.say C.tell D.speak 答案：B mistake ［］n. 錯(cuò)誤 【經(jīng)典例句】He often makes spelling mistakes. 他經(jīng)常犯拼寫錯(cuò)誤。 【考點(diǎn)聚焦】 1)注意常用搭配:make mistakes 犯錯(cuò)誤;correct mistakes 改正錯(cuò)誤;by mistake 錯(cuò)誤地。 2)mistake 還可用作動(dòng)詞,意思是“弄錯(cuò),誤解,把…

4、…誤認(rèn)為”,常用在mistake...for...結(jié)構(gòu)中,如:We often mistake Lucy for Lily.我們經(jīng)常把露茜誤認(rèn)成莉莉。 【活學(xué)活用】3.選擇 —What’s wrong? —I a big mistake in my homework. A.made B.took C.did D.gave 答案：A message ［］n. 信息 【經(jīng)典例句】I have sent mother a message to tell her I will go home late. 我已經(jīng)給母親捎了個(gè)信兒,告訴她我晚點(diǎn)兒回家。

5、 【考點(diǎn)聚焦】1)注意常用搭配:send a message to...發(fā)送消息給……;leave a message to...給……留個(gè)話;take a message to...捎信給…… 2)近義詞:news 新聞、消息,是不可數(shù)名詞。 【活學(xué)活用】4.選詞填空 There is a (news,message) for you on the table. 答案：message else ［］adj.& adv.其他 【經(jīng)典例句】No one else but Sam saw the accident. 除了山姆沒有別人看到這起事故。

6、【考點(diǎn)聚焦】1)近義詞:other adj.其他的 2)else用在疑問詞之后,如:What else do you want to say?你還想說什么? 它還常用在不定代詞之后,如:I’d like something else.我想要點(diǎn)別的東西。 【活學(xué)活用】5.同義句改寫?yīng)? What else do you want to buy? What would you to buy? 答案：other things,like Excellent［］adj. 卓越的 【經(jīng)典例句】Zhang Yining is an excellent ping

7、 pong player. 張怡寧是個(gè)出色的乒乓球運(yùn)動(dòng)員。 【考點(diǎn)聚焦】同義詞辨析:excellent既可形容物,又可形容人,如:excellent work 出色的工作;wonderful只用來形容物,“極好的,令人愉快的”,如:a wonderful place 一個(gè)好地方。 【活學(xué)活用】6.根據(jù)句意和首字母提示完成單詞 —Let’s have a rest. —That’s e　　　.I’m tired. 答案：excellent improve I［］ v.提高 【經(jīng)典例句】This is not good enough.I want to improv

8、e it. 這還不夠好,我要加以改進(jìn)。 【考點(diǎn)聚焦】improve 在句中用作及物動(dòng)詞,如: The people all over the world should improve the environment. 全世界的人都應(yīng)該改善環(huán)境。 watch[]n.手表;v. 看 【經(jīng)典例句】 Would you like to watch the World Cup on TV with me? 你愿意跟我一起在電視上觀看世界杯嗎? 【考點(diǎn)聚焦】1)watch作名詞,其復(fù)數(shù)為watches。 2)watch作動(dòng)詞,后常接電視、比賽等,有“觀望、觀看、欣

9、賞”之意。 3)同義詞辨析:look at強(qiáng)調(diào)“看”的動(dòng)作;see強(qiáng)調(diào)“看”的結(jié)果,看見;read指看書、報(bào)紙、地圖、雜志。 【活學(xué)活用】7.選詞并用其適當(dāng)形式填空 watch/see/read/look at 1)Please the blackboard. 2)Have you him recently? 3)Look!He English in the classroom. 4)Tim Animal World on TV at that time. 答案: 1)look at　2)seen　3)is reading　4

10、)was watching Yourself []pron. 你自己 【經(jīng)典例句】You told me the story yourself. 你自己親口把故事講給我聽的。 【考點(diǎn)聚焦】反身代詞表示某人自己,單數(shù)的有myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself;復(fù)數(shù)的有 ourselves,yourselves,themselves。 【活學(xué)活用】8.根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的漢語提示完成句子 Help (隨便吃點(diǎn)兒) some fish,children. 答案：yourselves to breath［］n.呼吸 【經(jīng)典例

11、句】Take a deep breath,and then you may feel relaxed. 深深地吸一口氣,那樣你會(huì)覺得輕松的。 【考點(diǎn)聚焦】1)派生詞:breathe v.呼吸 2)注意常用搭配:hold one’s breath屏住呼吸;out of breath氣喘吁吁;under (one’s) breath 壓著嗓音。如: How long can you hold your breath?你能屏住氣多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間? Wish ［］n.祝愿 【經(jīng)典例句】The girl got her wish. 那個(gè)女孩如愿以償。 【考點(diǎn)聚焦】1)注意常用搭配:

12、best wishes to sb.表示“向某人致以祝?！?best wishes for+節(jié)日,表示“祝福節(jié)日快樂”。如: Best wishes to you for Teachers’ Day!祝你教師節(jié)快樂! 2)wish還可用作動(dòng)詞,意思是“祝愿,但愿”,常用在wish sb.to do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)中,如:Do you wish me to leave now?你要我現(xiàn)在就走嗎? I wish I were a bird.但愿我能變成一只鳥。 3)同義詞辨析:hope(希望) to do sth.但不能說 hope sb.to do sth.。 【活學(xué)活用】9.

13、單句改錯(cuò) He hopes me to go to the party tomorrow. 　 答案：hopes→wishes Together［］adv. 一起,共同 【經(jīng)典例句】The children played together in the street. 孩子們?cè)诮稚弦黄鹜妗＊? 【考點(diǎn)聚焦】1)together 是副詞,常用于動(dòng)詞之后,如:get together集合; 2)常見搭配:all together 一起，同時(shí)，總共;together with

14、 和,連同。 【活學(xué)活用】10.根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)漢語提示補(bǔ)全句子 We should (一起工作) to build our country. 答案：work together 短語·典句·考點(diǎn) write down 寫下,記下 【經(jīng)典例句】I’d like to write down what the teacher said. 我想把老師說的記下來。 【考點(diǎn)聚焦】1)同義詞組:put down,要注意這里的down是副詞,代詞要放在中間。 2)要記住以down為中心的一些短語: turn down 關(guān)小,把(音量)調(diào)低sit down 坐下

15、 lie down 躺下　fall down 跌倒 go down 下沉,沿著……走slow down 放慢速度 look down upon 輕視,看不起walk down 沿著……走 【活學(xué)活用】11.用上面所提到的詞組的正確形式填空 1) the radio,please.It’s too loud. 2) the street until the end of it,and you’ll find the cinema. 3)He Lee’s telephone numb

16、er in the newspaper. 答案：1)Turn down2)Walk/Go down　3)wrote down ask for 請(qǐng)求…… 【經(jīng)典例句】He asked his father for ten yuan. 他向他父親要了10元錢。 【考點(diǎn)聚焦】1)可以是ask for sth.要求得到某物,如:ask for advice 請(qǐng)求建議;ask for money 要錢。 2)可以是ask sb.for sth.向某人要某物,如:ask her parents for a bike 向父母要一輛自行車。 【活學(xué)活用】12.選擇 You

17、 can your teacher some advice about it. A.help；with B.ask；to C.tell；about D.ask；for 答案：D enjoy yourself 過得快樂 【經(jīng)典例句】Did you enjoy yourself at the party? 你在宴會(huì)上愉快嗎? 【考點(diǎn)聚焦】1)enjoy doing sth.喜歡做某事 2)同義短語:have fun doing sth./have a good time 【活學(xué)活用】13.同義句改寫?yīng)? They enjoy

18、ed themselves last weekend. Last weekend they . 答案：had a good time all the time 總是,一直 【經(jīng)典例句】He walks to school all the time. 他總是步行上學(xué)。 【考點(diǎn)聚焦】1)同義詞:相當(dāng)于always,用作時(shí)間狀語。 2)all the time常用于句末,而always常用于句中。 【活學(xué)活用】14.選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)亩陶Z填空 now and then/all the time 1)Wei

19、Ming es to school first . 2)Li Ming is a lazy student.He does his homework . 答案：1)all the time　2)now and then 句子·剖析·拓展 Why don’t you write down the correct spelling and grammar next to the mistakes? 你為什么不在錯(cuò)誤旁邊寫上正確的拼寫和語法呢? 【剖析】1)這是一個(gè)提建議的句型,Why don’t you...?意思是“為什么不……呢?”

20、2)next to是一個(gè)介詞短語,意思是“在……的旁邊”。 【拓展】1)Why don’t you...?的同義句型是Why not...? 2)其他提建議的句型見下面的語法剖析。 It’s a good idea to check your vocabulary notebook every day. 每天復(fù)習(xí)詞匯筆記是個(gè)不錯(cuò)的辦法。 【剖析】1)句中it 是形式主語,后面的動(dòng)詞不定式短語to check your vocabulary notebook 是真正的主語。 2)其句型是:It+be+adj./n.+to do sth. 【拓展】 類似句型還有:It

21、is one’s duty to do sth.;It is important for sb.to do sth.;It is not necessary for sb.to do sth.等等。 Many people are shy when they speak English,so before you begin,take a deep breath and smile! 許多人說英語時(shí)會(huì)害羞,所以你開始說之前,深呼吸并微笑。 【剖析】1)這是一個(gè)so連接的并列句。 2)前半部分含有when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句,后半部分含有before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。 【拓展】

22、 時(shí)間狀語從句除由when和before引導(dǎo)外,還可由while,after,until,as soon as等來引導(dǎo)。 And when you’re shopping,how about counting the English words,or saying the English names for everything you see? 你在買東西時(shí),數(shù)數(shù)英語單詞或說說你所見到的物品的英語名稱怎么樣? 【剖析】1)這是個(gè)含有when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的復(fù)合句。 2)How about...?是一個(gè)提建議的句型,意思是“……怎么樣?” 【拓展】1)How about

23、...?的同義句型是What about...?其后可接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。 2)其他提建議的句型見下面的語法剖析。 語法·剖析 提建議的幾種表達(dá)方法 本單元出現(xiàn)了很多諸如 “You should speak more English in class.”“How about writing down your mistakes?”“Why don’t you write the correct words next to the mistakes?”的句子,這些句子都是用來提建議的,那它們?cè)撊绾问褂媚?請(qǐng)看如下表格: 句型 意思 舉例 You should/shoul

24、dn’t.... 你應(yīng)該/不應(yīng)該…… You shouldn’t copy others’ homework. How/What about...? ……怎么樣? What about going for a picnic? Why don’t you/Why not...? 為什么不……? Why not ask the teacher for help? Don’t forget.... 別忘了…… Don’t forget to read an English story. Try to.... 努力…… Try to remember ten words a

25、 day. Try not to.... 盡量不要…… Try not to look up the words in a dictionary while reading. Shall we...? 我們……好嗎? Shall we go to see Mr.Black? Let’s.... 讓我們……吧。 Let’s listen to music and films in English. You’d better (not).... 你最好(不要)…… You’d better not play with fire. 典題精講 經(jīng)典題型 例1 （xx煙臺(tái)中

26、考）—Would you mind if I close the window? — . A.With pleasure　　 B.Yes,please　　　 C.Of course not　　 D.That’s a good idea 思路解析：?jiǎn)柧錇椤澳憬橐馕谊P(guān)上窗子嗎？”With pleasure.是用來回答別人讓自己做事的時(shí)候表示“非常榮幸”。B項(xiàng)內(nèi)容自相矛盾，Yes是指“介意”，但是please表示“請(qǐng)關(guān)吧”，不合適。C項(xiàng)“當(dāng)然不介意”符合句意。D項(xiàng)用來回答別人的提議，而此處前句是請(qǐng)求。答案：C 例2（xx樂山中考）This backpack do

27、esn’t look smart.Could you show me one? A.the other B.others C.other D.another 思路解析：語境為買背包時(shí)的對(duì)話。A指“另一個(gè)”，暗示只有兩個(gè)，賣的包不可能只有兩個(gè)。B項(xiàng)others與one不搭配，C項(xiàng)other通常后加復(fù)數(shù)，D項(xiàng)表示很多中的“另一個(gè)”。答案：D 例3（xx廈門中考）—You speak English very well.You must have a good English teacher. —But no one taught me.I lear

28、ned it all by . A.me B.I C.mine D.myself  思路解析：此題題意是“你英語說得很好,你一定有個(gè)好的英語老師吧。”“沒人教我,我是自學(xué)的?！?learn...by oneself“自學(xué)”。答案:D 綠色通道：解此類題應(yīng)注意反身代詞常用于一些固定搭配中,如:teach oneself(自學(xué)),hurt oneself(傷到自己),look after oneself(照顧自己),enjoy oneself(玩得高興),leave...by oneself(把…… 單獨(dú)留下),help oneself to...(隨便吃點(diǎn)兒)

29、,behave oneself (舉止得體)。 例4（xx湖北宜昌中考）—Father’s Day is ing.I’m going back home to see my father. — . A.Give my best wishes to him B.It’s very kind of you C.Say goodbye to him,please D.See you soon 思路解析：此題是一道考查交際用語的題目,題意是“父親節(jié)就要到來,我要回家看我父親”。另一人說“請(qǐng)轉(zhuǎn)達(dá)我對(duì)你父親的問候”。轉(zhuǎn)達(dá)問候還可以用say hello to sb

30、.或 remember me to sb.。答案:A 黑色陷阱：本題有兩處陷阱。一是受漢語言文化的影響可能認(rèn)為回家探望父親很有孝心,故錯(cuò)選B,意思是“你真是太好了”。二是認(rèn)為你就要回家了應(yīng)向你告別,因此錯(cuò)選D項(xiàng),意思是“再見”。 例5（xx濰坊中考）People everywhere celebrate(慶賀) the New Year. is a time to say goodbye to the past and to think about new beginnings. A.That B.It C.This D.Such 思路解析：it

31、可以用于指代時(shí)間，表示“新年是一個(gè)辭舊迎新的時(shí)刻”。此處it代替“新年”這一時(shí)間。答案：A 原創(chuàng)題 閱讀劉暢在學(xué)英語過程中遇到的問題,利用下面的表達(dá)完成外籍教師Rose給他的回信(每詞只能用一次)。 don’t forget　how about　should　try to　you’d better　why don’t Hi Rose, I like English very much,but my grades are not very good.What should I do to improve my English? From Liu Chang Hello

32、Liu, I’d like to hear that you like English very much.You want to improve your English.Then you 　1　 always practice your listening,speaking,reading and writing.　2　 listen for the important words,not every word.Reading English stories is also good for you.If you are not interested in it,　3　 watch

33、ing Englishlanguage movies?　4　 to take grammar notes in class.Then try to use the grammar to write your own sentences.Finally,I know we have “English Corner” in our school,so 　5　 you join it to practice speaking?What’s more,　6　 keep a diary in English every day because it’s a good way to improve yo

34、ur writing. Best wishes, Rose 參考答案:  1.should　2.Try to　3.how about　4.Don’t forget　5.why don’t　6.you’d better 思路解析：本題旨在考查本單元交際項(xiàng)目——提建議,由上文“want to improve your English”可推斷出后面是“應(yīng)該總是練習(xí)聽、說、讀、寫能力”;在練習(xí)聽力時(shí),努力聽出重點(diǎn)單詞即可,而無需聽出每個(gè)詞,故第二空應(yīng)填Try to;如果對(duì)讀英文故事不感興趣的話,那么看英文電影怎么樣?后面是“watching”,而只有how about 后面接doin

35、g;后文緊接著說別忘了課堂上記語法筆記,后面是“to”,故只能填Don’t forget;第五空出現(xiàn)在問句中,而且后面是“you”,故填Why don’t,意思是為何不加入英語角來練習(xí)口語呢?要想提高寫作能力,最好每天堅(jiān)持寫日記,故最后一空填you’d better。 綠色通道：這篇文章中的句型都是提建議的句型。判斷句子的意思,并且熟悉句型的具體用法,在充分聯(lián)系上下文的基礎(chǔ)上才能做好。 巧學(xué)法園地 巧記英語學(xué)習(xí)方法 學(xué)英語,四能力,聽說讀寫要牢記。 聽力要聽關(guān)鍵詞,說話不要怕出錯(cuò)。 讀雜志,看電影,不要總想查單詞。 學(xué)語法,記筆記,多造句,多練習(xí)。 寫作也得加把勁,勤學(xué)苦練見成績(jī)。 學(xué)習(xí)方法須可取,考試才能爭(zhēng)第一。