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1、2022年高一英語(yǔ)《Unit 1 Friendship》-直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ) 學(xué)案 學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：1. 了解直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)。 2. 掌握陳述句、一般疑問(wèn)句和特殊疑問(wèn)句變間接引語(yǔ)的方法。 學(xué)習(xí)重點(diǎn)：學(xué)會(huì)各句型由直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ) 學(xué)習(xí)難點(diǎn)：掌握賓語(yǔ)從句中時(shí)態(tài)的一致性. 預(yù)習(xí)/復(fù)習(xí)案： He asked ________ for the puter. A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid 新授探究案 一．直接引

2、語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)的定義 直接引述別人的原話，叫直接引語(yǔ)。用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，叫間接引語(yǔ)。間接英語(yǔ)在多數(shù)情況下構(gòu)成賓語(yǔ)從句。直接引語(yǔ)一般前后要加引號(hào)，間接引語(yǔ)不用引號(hào)。 Mr Black said:“I'm busy.”( ________引語(yǔ)) Mr Black said that he was busy.( ________引語(yǔ)) 二．陳述句 直接引語(yǔ)如果是陳述句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，用連詞that引導(dǎo)（that在口語(yǔ)中常省略）。主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可直接用引語(yǔ)中的said, 也可用told來(lái)代替.(注意:可以說(shuō)said that, said to sb that, told sb that

3、，不可直接說(shuō)told that )。同時(shí)，從句中的人稱，時(shí)態(tài)，指示代詞，時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)等要相應(yīng)的變化。 He said, “I have been to the Great Wall. ” →He said to us that he had been to the Great Wall. He said, “I'll give you an examination next Monday. ” → He ________________ he would give us an examination the next Monday. 1. 注意時(shí)態(tài)的變化 1) 如主句的謂語(yǔ)

4、動(dòng)詞是現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí)，直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句的時(shí)態(tài)不需變化。 He says, "He wants to be a singer."→He says that he wants to be a singer. 2) 如主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是與過(guò)去相關(guān)的時(shí)態(tài)。從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)變化如下： 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)→一般過(guò)去時(shí) 一般將來(lái)時(shí)→過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)→過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)→過(guò)去完成時(shí) 過(guò)去完成時(shí)不變 Tina said, '"I usually get up at six."→___________________________

5、___________ Martin told me, "I rang Alice yesterday. "→______________________________________ Nina told me, "Lisa is studying abroad." →______________________________________ Nell said, "I have worked out this problem." →______________________________________ 2. 注意人稱變化，指示代詞，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞的變化 指

6、示代詞 this→that, these→those, 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)now→then, today→that day, this week→that week, yesterday→the day before, last week→the week before ,four days ago→four days before ,the day before yesterday→ two days before ,tomorrow→the next day, next month→the next month. 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)here→there 動(dòng)詞的變化e→go, bring→take H

7、e said, "I like it very much."→______________________________________ Toby said to me, "This is the School puter Center."→_______________________________ The boy said, "I put all the things there."→________________________________ My sister asked me, "Could you bring the chairs upstairs？"→_______

8、____________________ 注意：直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，以下情況時(shí)態(tài)不需變化。 1. 直接引語(yǔ)表述的是客觀真理,諺語(yǔ)、格言 The geography teacher told us that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west. My father told me that a friend in need is a friend indeed. 2. 直接引語(yǔ)帶有具體的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) He said that his father was born in 1995. 3. 直接引語(yǔ)中有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should,

9、would, could, had better, might, must, need，used to等 He told me that I had better get up early. 4. 當(dāng)直接引語(yǔ)中有以when, while引導(dǎo)的從句，表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間時(shí) ? He told me that he was watching TV when he came in. 三．疑問(wèn)句 如果直接引語(yǔ)是疑問(wèn)句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，要把疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序變?yōu)殛愂鼍湔Z(yǔ)序(即主語(yǔ)在謂語(yǔ)的前面) 1）一般疑問(wèn)句 間接引語(yǔ)用連詞whether或if引導(dǎo)，原主句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞said要改為asked

10、(me/him/us等)，疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序變?yōu)殛愂鼍涞恼Z(yǔ)序 He said, “Do you have any difficulty with pronunciation?” →He asked (me) whether/if I had any difficulty with my pronunciation. He said, “Are you interested in English?” →He __________________interested in English. 2）特殊疑問(wèn)句 原來(lái)的疑問(wèn)詞作為間接引語(yǔ)的連詞，主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用ask(sb. )來(lái)表達(dá)，疑問(wèn)

11、句語(yǔ)序改為陳述句語(yǔ)序 He said to me，“What's your name?” →He asked me what my name was. He asked us, “How many car factories have been built in your country?” →He asked us_____________________________________________ 3） 選擇疑問(wèn)句 用whether…or…表達(dá)，而不用if…or…，也不用either…or… He asked, “Do you speak English or Fr

12、ench?” →He asked me whether I spoke English or French. 當(dāng)堂檢測(cè)案：把下列直接引語(yǔ)改為間接引語(yǔ) 1．He said: “I’ve left my book in my room.” 2．She said: “He will be busy.” 3．She said to Tom, “Can you help me?” 4．She asked, “Is this book yours or his?” 5．The teacher asked, “how did you repair it?” 課后練習(xí)案：完成導(dǎo)學(xué)案直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)（2） 學(xué)后感：