2022年高考英語大一輪復(fù)習 連詞和狀語從句 北師大版
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1、2022年高考英語大一輪復(fù)習 連詞和狀語從句 北師大版 一、連詞 1.并列連詞 (1)表示聯(lián)合關(guān)系的并列連詞:and(和),both...and...(既……又……),neither...nor(既不……也不……)。 Neither I nor he has seen the film. (2)表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的并列連詞:but,while(而,然而),whereas(而),nevertheless。 He is short,while his brother is tall. (3)表示選擇關(guān)系的并列連詞:or(或),or else(否則),otherwise(要不然),ei
2、ther...or...(或……或……)。 You can either stay at home or go fishing. (4)表示因果關(guān)系的并列連詞:so(所以),for(因為)。 It is morning,for the birds are singing. 注意:then(那么,因而),thus(因而),therefore(因此,所以)等副詞??煞旁诰涫妆硎疽蚬P(guān)系。 He was busy,therefore he could not e. 2.從屬連詞 (1)引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的從屬連詞 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的從屬連詞有連接詞:that,whether和if,這些連接
3、詞在句中不充當任何句子成分;連接代詞主要有:who,whom,whose,which,what等,它們在句中可作主語、賓語、定語等;連接副詞主要有:when,where,how,why等,它們在句中可作狀語。 We know (that) the earth goes round the sun. What we need is more time. That’s what I want. (2)引導(dǎo)狀語從句的從屬連詞 在句中作狀語的從句叫狀語從句,也叫副詞性從句。它修飾謂語、非謂語動詞、狀語或整個句子。狀語從句由從屬連詞引導(dǎo),可表示時間、地點、條件、原因、結(jié)果、目的、讓步、比較、方
4、式等。 二、狀語從句 1.時間狀語從句 (1)before引導(dǎo)的從句中不用否定式謂語。常用如下句型: It is long before...(過了好久才……) It is not long before...(過了不久就……) (2)since后面所用動詞不同,該動詞所表示動作持續(xù)時間的計算方法也不同。 It is two years since he joined the army. It is two years since he smoked. 2.原因狀語從句 在表示原因時,because語氣最重,其次是as,since,now that,故在回答why問句或
5、者在強調(diào)句對原因進行強調(diào)時,只能用because。for是并列連詞,表示推測的理由或者進一步說明,不能放在句首,for前要用逗號。 —Why were you absent? —Because I was ill. 3.目的狀語從句 (1)so that/in order that引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句中的謂語動詞多用can/could/may/might/will/would+動詞。 Please turn off the light so that I can go to sleep. (2)for fear that,in case,lest表示“以防,免得”。 He is w
6、orking hard for fear that he should fail. 4.條件狀語從句 (1)providing/provided (that)假如,假若 Providing (that) no one has further questions,the meeting will be over. (2)on the understanding that=on condition that在……條件下 I give you money on the understanding that you finish your homework. 5.結(jié)果狀語從句 注意suc
7、h引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別。 試比較: This is such an interesting book that everyone likes to read it. This is such an interesting book as everyone likes to read. 6.目的狀語從句與結(jié)果狀語從句的區(qū)別 in order that可放在句首,只能引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句;so that引導(dǎo)目的或結(jié)果狀語從句,不能放在句首。 試比較: He spoke so slowly that we all followed him.(結(jié)果狀語從句)=He spoke
8、slowly,so we all followed him. He spoke slowly so (in order) that we could all understand him.(目的狀語從句) 7.讓步狀語從句 (1)as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,作“盡管”解,用倒裝句,語序為:狀語/賓語/表語/動詞原形+as+主語+謂語……。如果句首是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞作表語,名詞前無冠詞。 Clever as you may be,you can’t do that. Clever boy as he is,he can’t solve the problem. (2)while有時引導(dǎo)讓步狀語
9、從句,作“盡管,雖然”講,多用于句首。 While I admit the problems are difficult,I don’t agree that I can’t solve them. 8.地點狀語從句 多由where和wherever引導(dǎo)。 Where there is a will,there is a way. 9.方式狀語從句 方式狀語從句常由as(按照),just as(正像),as if=as though(仿佛,好像;從句可用虛擬語氣)等引導(dǎo)。 I changed my mind as you suggested. 1.The girl had
10、hardly rung the bell ________ the door was opened suddenly,and her friend rushed out to greet her.(xx·福建,26) A.before B.until C.a(chǎn)s D.since 2.________ our manager objects to Tom’s joining the club,we shall accept him as a member.(xx·上海,39) A.Until B.Unless C.If D.After 3.The engineers are s
11、o busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities,________they have the interest.(xx·安徽,29) A.wherever B.whenever C.even if D.a(chǎn)s if 4.The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair________he wanted to sit next to his wife.(xx·遼寧,29) A.a(chǎn)lthough B.unless C.because D.if 5.—It’s n
12、o use having ideas only. —Don’t worry.Peter can show you________to turn an idea into an act.(xx·遼寧,34) A.how B.who C.what D.where 一、用適當?shù)倪B詞填空 1.Mum turned down my suggestion ________ Dad was in favor of my idea. 2.—Will you go to Mary’s birthday party? —No.____________ invited,I can’t go.I
13、’ll be too busy then. 3.—Do you think the weather will be all right this summer? —No,________ we’re lucky.The newspaper says it’ll be very hot anyway. 4.The chief reason for the population growth isn’t so much a rise in birth rates ________ a fall in death rates as a result of improvements in med
14、ical care. 5.Ten minutes earlier,________ we could have caught the early bus. 6.You have failed two tests.You’d better start working harder,________ you won’t pass the course. 7.Tom often has to be called several times ________ he es downstairs for dinner. 8.________ I failed in English a third
15、time,I had no doubt about my gift for foreign languages. 二、單項填空 1.It is known to all that ________ you exercise regularly,you won’t keep good health. A.unless B.whenever C.a(chǎn)lthough D.if 2.—Did your boss phone you again the next day? —No,it was a fortnight ________ he gave me a second call.
16、 A.that B.before C.when D.since 3.—Why were you absent yesterday? —I caught a cold,________ I had been walking around in the rain. A.but B.so C.a(chǎn)nd D.for 4.Children’s brains can’t develop properly ________ they lack protein. A.when B.since C.because D.unless 5.________ I could expr
17、ess my thanks to the traveler,he had already disappeared in the rain. A.Before B.When C.Until D.While 6.It is several months ________ the whole country started to talk about whether driving after drinking alcohol should be punished. A.before B.until C.since D.a(chǎn)fter 7.How can they learn
18、so much ________ they spend such a lot of time hanging about? A.a(chǎn)lthough B.when C.before D.until 8.Li Yang,the founder of Crazy English,says that he copies it down ________ he es across a beautiful sentence. A.unless B.while C.because D.every time 9.I’m sorry you’ve been waiting so lo
19、ng,but it’ll still be some time ________ Brian gets back. A.before B.since C.till D.where 10.I was doing my homework ________ a boy rushed into the classroom. A.when B.while C.a(chǎn)s D.for 11.—Why didn’t you try your best to get on the bus? —I tried to,but ________ I could,it started movin
20、g. A.until B.when C.a(chǎn)fter D.before 12.Owen wouldn’t eat anything ________ he cooked it himself. A.until B.since C.unless D.while 13.This photo of mine was taken ________ stood the famous Eastern Bright Pearl in Shanghai. A.which B.in which C.where D.there 14.You should make it a rule
21、to leave things ________ you can find them again. A.when B.where C.which D.then 15.Some children are mad over video games.They just can’t tear themselves away from them ________ they start. A.since B.once C.even if D.a(chǎn)s 16.In the north,summer is short and cool at night,________ winter is n
22、ot so bad with heating. A.while B.though C.if D.for 17.It was foolish of you to take a taxi ________ you could easily walk there in five minutes. A.before B.till C.so that D.when 18.You must keep on working in the evening,________ you are sure you can finish the task in time. A.a(chǎn)s B.if
23、C.when D.unless 19.The old tower must be saved,________ the cost. A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.wherever 答案 感悟高考 1.A [句意為:這個女孩剛一按門鈴,門就突然開了,她的朋友沖出去迎接她。before在……之前,還沒有……;until直到……才;as當……時候;since自從……以來。根據(jù)句意選A項。題干中hardly...before...為一固定句式,意思是“剛……就……”,相當于hardly...when...。] 2.B [由句意“除非我們經(jīng)
24、理反對Tom加入俱樂部,不然我們都應(yīng)接受他成為其中一員?!笨芍鸢浮 3.C [句意為:工程師們?nèi)绱嗣σ灾掠跊]有時間進行戶外體育活動,即使他們有興趣。wherever無論哪兒;whenever無論何時;even if即使;as if好像,根據(jù)句意應(yīng)選C項。] 4.C [句意為:那位老者要求露西坐另一把椅子,因為他想與妻子緊挨著坐在一起。although雖然,盡管;unless除非;because因為;if如果。由句意知選C。] 5.A [句意為:——光有想法是沒用的?!挥脫?,彼得會告訴你如何將想法轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樾袆?。how如何,怎樣;who誰;what什么;where哪兒。show yo
25、u后面是由“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)充當賓語,由句意知此處應(yīng)為“如何……”,故選A,其余三項不符合題意。] 領(lǐng)悟語法 一、1.while 2.Even if 3.unless 4.but 5.and 6.or 7.before 8.Until 二、1.A [根據(jù)句意,前一句應(yīng)該是后一句內(nèi)容產(chǎn)生的條件,A、D兩項均表條件,但如果選D,與常識不符,故選A。] 2.B [根據(jù)句意,he gave me a second call應(yīng)該發(fā)生在it was a fortnight前,故選B。] 3.D [空格所在的句子是對前一句話的補充說明,故選D。] 4.A [when在此意為“如果,要是”。]
26、 5.A [由句子的時態(tài)可知,express應(yīng)該發(fā)生在disappear之后。] 6.C [It is+時間段+since...表示“自……以來多久了”。] 7.B [when意為“既然”。] 8.D [every time為名詞短語直接引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句;while引導(dǎo)的句子的謂語動詞必須是延續(xù)性的,而此句中的e不延續(xù)。] 9.A [It will be+時間段+before...意為“要過多久才……”。] 10.A [四個詞中,只有when意為“這時”。] 11.D [before I could,表示“我還沒來得及(上車)”。] 12.C [考查狀語從句。unless除非,如果不,引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。歐文不愿吃任何食物,除非是自己燒的。] 13.C [where引導(dǎo)地點狀語從句。狀語從句是一個倒裝句。] 14.B [where you can find them again你可以再找到它們的地方。] 15.B [once表示條件,一旦。] 16.A [while表示兩相對比,“而同時……”。] 17.D [when既然。] 18.D [unless同if...not,意為“除非”。] 19.B [whatever the cost (is)無論代價如何。]
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