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1、牛津英語模塊三Unit 3 重點詞語 單詞講解（上） Welcome to this unit & Reading 1. Who do you think will _______ the company when the manager retires? A. take up B. take over C. take in D. take on 2. It was sad that all the people were _________ alive under the lava and ashes. A. buried

2、B. stayed C. kept D. found 3. __________, Liu Xiang had to drop out of the 110-metre hurdles in the Beijing Olympics because of his injury in the foot A. Unfortunately B. Unusually C. Uncertainly D. Unfriendly 4. Only one of the persons who applied can

3、 be made _______ of the company. A. the director B. a director C. an director D. director 5. It _________ to be seen whether the old couple like this trip or not. A. keeps B. remains C. leaves D. stays 6. Who would you like to have ______

4、__ the door red? A. paint B. paints C. painted D. to paint 【答案與講解】 1. 選B. take over 表示“接管”，take over the business接管生意；take over the driving 接過來開車。如： Please me take over the driving so that you can have a nap. 讓我來開車這樣你可以小睡一會兒。 【拓展】 含take的常用短語： 1）take up表示“拿起

5、；占據(jù)；開始從事”。take up weapons to fight against enemies拿起武器與敵人斗爭; take up painting開始繪畫；take up too much space占據(jù)太多的空間; 2）take in表示“接受,吸收,理解,欺騙”等。take in proper nutrition 吸收適當?shù)臓I養(yǎng)；I don’t take in what he said.我不明的他說的。He tried to play a trick on me, but I wasn’t take in. 他想捉弄我，但我沒上當。 3) take on 表示“呈現(xiàn)；雇用

6、”，如：take on a new look呈現(xiàn)新面貌；take on more workers 雇用更多的工人。 2. 選A bury…alive“將……活埋”，alive作賓語補足語，類似的搭配還有：catch…alive活捉……。 【拓展】1）bury為動詞“埋葬；掩埋”。 bury (oneself) in…=be buried in…引申義為“專心致力于……”。 be buried/lost in thought沉思。 He was buried in his work, so he didn’t notice me. 他正專心于他的工作，所以他沒注意到我。 She saw

7、 the film with her eyes buried in tears. 她眼含淚水地看了那部電影。 2）burial為bury的名詞“埋葬；葬禮”。a burial chamber墓室; a burial ground墓地。 3. 選A. unfortunately為副詞“不幸的是”，相當于unluckily。 【拓展】fortunate為形容詞“幸運的”；fortune為名詞“財富；運氣”。常見用法有：make a fortune發(fā)財；try one’s fortune碰運氣；be in good / bad fortune 運氣好/壞。 He considered him

8、self fortunate to win the match. 他認為他贏了比賽是運氣。 4. 選D. director表示“主任；指導員；導演”，英語中表示職位、頭銜的名詞若在句中做同位語或補足語時，其前應當不用冠詞。若作其它成份，則可以使用相應的冠詞。如： When was Lincoln elected president of the United States? 林肯是何時被選為美國總統(tǒng)的？ 【拓展】direct為其對應的動詞“指導；指揮”，作形容詞和副詞時表示“直接的/地”。名詞為direction “指導；方向；說明”。 5. 選B. remain作連系動詞“仍然是；保

9、持”，后接形容詞、名詞或不定式。如： It remains to be seen whether it will be fine tomorrow. 這還要看明天是否天晴。 Please remain seated while the plane is taking off. 飛機起飛時請保持坐著。 【拓展】動詞remain作實義動詞時為不及物動詞“剩下；留下”，如： Some birds fly to the south but a few remain. 一些鳥飛往南方，而有些鳥留了下來。 此外，remain還可以作名詞，常用復數(shù)remains“剩余物；殘留物；遺跡”；現(xiàn)在分詞r

10、emaining可用作前置定語，如：the remaining money剩余的錢（=the money left）。 6. 選A. 本題運用于have sb do sth短語，who為have的賓語，故主動語態(tài)用省to的動不定式paint作其賓補。 【拓展】paint可作動詞“（用顏料等）畫；油漆”。paint the wall 粉刷墻壁; paint a picture（用顏料）作畫；“paint+賓語+顏色”將……漆成……（顏色）。 He had the vase painted red. 他讓人把花瓶漆成紅色。 作名詞“顏料；油漆”。Wet paint! 油漆未干！oil-pa

11、inting 油畫；a famous painter一位著名的畫家。 【鞏固自測】 I. 從方框中選擇一個詞語并用其適當?shù)男问酵瓿上铝芯渥印? take over; bury; fortunate; director; remain; paint 1. ________, he has recover what he lost yesterday. 2. Zhang Yimo is a famous Chinese film ________. 3. The business has got along much better since he ________ the

12、 company. 4. You have spent 200 yuan, what will you do with the ________ money? 5. Xu Beihong was good at _______horses. 6. They broke into the ________ chamber and empted everything it contained. II. 根據(jù)漢語完成下列句子。 1. 雙方交替占領(lǐng)這座城市。 The two sides _______ _______ the city in turns. 2. 敵人氣極得將勇敢的

13、戰(zhàn)士活埋了。 The enemy were so angry that they _______ the brave soldier _______. 3. 許多人涌向西部去碰碰運氣。 A lot of people rushed to the western part to ______ _______ _______. 4. 兩年后他被任命為車間主任。 Two years later, he was ________ ________ of the workshop. 5. 這要看她下周是否有時間。 ______ ________ to be see

14、n _______ she will be free next week. 6. 我們想請人將門外面漆成紅色，里面漆成白色。 We’d like to have the outside of the door _______ red and the inside side ______. Key: I. 1. Fortunately 2. director 3. took over 4. remaining 5. painting 6. burial II. 1. took over 2. buried; alive 3. try their fortune 4

15、. made director 5. It remains; whether 6. painted; white 單詞講解（中） (Word Power, Grammar& Task ) 用下列方框內(nèi)所給單詞填空。 heat; drive; condition; concern; carry out; board; declare; cover +c 1. When a piece of wood is burning, light and _____ are given out together with smoke. 2. Great noise lik

16、e that of a plane may ________ a person mad. 3. Since the machine is in good _______, I don’t think we need to buy a new one. 4. Where have you been? We have been ________ about since you left this morning? 5. Now that we have made the plan, we must ________ it _______ soon. 6. Nearly 2000 passe

17、ngers on ________ got drown when the ship sank. 7. The court will _______ the judgment on him next Wednesday. 8. Mum ______ the pot and showed me what she was cooking. 【答案與講解】 1. 填heat. 作名詞時heat表示 “熱度”。如： I can’t stand the heat in the room. 我受不了房間里的熱。 【拓展】 heat作動詞“加熱”，heat the coffee / milk 加熱

18、咖啡/牛奶；a heated discussion熱烈的討論。注意現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞作狀語的區(qū)別： When heating the food, I heard the noise.熱飯時我聽到了響聲。 Heated, the soup tastes nicer.加熱后，這湯味到更好。 2．填drive。動詞drive可以表示“迫使……（進入某種狀態(tài)）”。drive sb angry/mad/crazy迫使某人生氣/發(fā)瘋。如： The arrival of the super star almost drove his fans crazy. 那位超級明星的到來幾乎讓粉絲們發(fā)了瘋。

19、【拓展】作動詞“駕駛，驅(qū)趕”, drive a car開小汽車；drive … away將……趕走；drive…off 開車送走；擊退。作名詞時表示“駕車旅行; 兜風;車程”about 10 minutes’ drive大約開車十分鐘的路；go out for a drive開車去兜風。 3. 填condition 短語in good condition表示“處于良好狀態(tài)”，condition為不可數(shù)名詞，這個短語相當于in a good state，但state為可數(shù)名詞。situation表示“情形；形勢”，是可數(shù)名詞。 【拓展】condition表示“條件”時, 常用復數(shù)形式。如

20、：living conditions生活條件；working conditions工作條件；air-conditioner空調(diào)；短語on condition that…表示“以……條件”。如： The workers went on strike for better pay and better working conditions. 工人們舉行罷工要求更高工資和更好的工作條件。 I can lend you the book on condition that you return it to me before Friday.如果你在星期五前還，我可以借書給你。 4. 填con

21、cerned. be concerned about表示“關(guān)心”。 【拓展】 concern作動詞時表示“涉及;關(guān)心”。This matter concerns everybody.這件事與所有人有關(guān)。be concerned with sth與某事有關(guān); a concerned citizen 一位熱心的市民；As far as sb is concerned 意為“據(jù)某人所知”。作名詞“關(guān)系, 關(guān)注”，show concern about…對……關(guān)心?，F(xiàn)在分詞concerning“關(guān)于”可作介詞用，相當于about。 如：questions concerning environment

22、與環(huán)境相關(guān)的問題。 5. 填carry; out 短語carry out表示“執(zhí)行/實施（計劃、命令等）”。如： We carried out an experiment this morning. 今天上午我們做一個實驗。 【拓展】其它含carry的常見動詞短語： 1）carry off “奪?。ㄉ?、獲得（獎項）、應付”等詞義。 He carried off the first prize in the competition. 在競賽中他奪得第一名。 2）carry on“繼續(xù)下去”，其后也可以不接賓語，直接使用。也可接名詞、代詞作賓語。 Don’t give

23、 up the work. We must carry it on until we succeed. 不要放棄工作，我們要進行下去直到成功。 3）carry away意為“運走；使……失控/著迷”。 The beautiful music carried us away. 美妙的音樂讓他著迷。 6．填board. 短語on board表示“在船（車/飛機）上”， the passengers on board船/火車/飛機上的旅客。get on board登船（車/飛機）。作動詞時可表示“登(船等)”。如： It’s time we boarded the plane. 我們該

24、上船/車/飛機了。 【拓展】1）board作名詞表示“木板；膳食；董事會”，blackboard黑板；boarding school寄宿學校；be on the board在董事會里（任職）。 2）與board形似詞： abroad為副詞“往/在國外（海外）”；aboard “登（船/飛機）”作副詞相當于on board;作介詞“在/上（船/機）”，如：She has gone aboard the plane. 她已上了飛機。 broad為形容詞 “寬闊的”，a broad road一條寬闊的馬路。 7. 填declare. 動詞declare 為 “宣布;宣告”, 指正式就某事公

25、開地做出明確的說明，其后可接從句、復合結(jié)構(gòu)或名詞，表明態(tài)度時加介詞for“贊成”/ against“反對”。 The Chinese government has declared against terrorism. 中國政府聲明反對恐怖主義。 【拓展】近義詞辨析： 1）announce “宣布；宣稱”，指宣布人們所關(guān)心的事，有預告的含義，通常是關(guān)于生死、結(jié)婚、災害信息或客人的到來等，其后常接名詞、從句作賓語。 When the doorman declared the arrival of the president, everyone got up and clapped.

26、當門口的人宣布總統(tǒng)的到來時，大家都站起來鼓掌。 2）state表示“聲明；陳述”。如： A recent report stated that a good lifestyle can ensure a longer life. 最近一份報告說良好的生活習慣能確保長壽。 3）claim“聲稱；依據(jù)（權(quán)利）獲得/認領(lǐng)……”。如： Don’t claim to know what you really don’t know. 不要說你懂其實你不懂的東西。 8. 填uncovered 動詞uncover“揭開……的蓋子”、“移去……的覆蓋物”。如： When you move aw

27、ay a big stone, you may uncover a city of ants. 當你搬開一塊石頭時，你可能揭開了一座螞蟻城。 【拓展】1）uncover還可用于比喻義“揭露”。 如： He decided to uncover the whole event to the court. 他打算向法庭揭露整個事件。 2）近義詞discover用來指“發(fā)現(xiàn)（本來存在的事物）”，后接復合賓語時與find意義相近。如：discover / find +賓語+doing sth.“發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做某事”。如： It was Columbus who discovered Americ

28、a.是哥倫布發(fā)現(xiàn)了美洲大陸。 I discovered them playing a trick on John.我發(fā)現(xiàn)他們在捉弄約翰。 【挑戰(zhàn)自我】 I. 單項選擇 1. When_______, ice turns into water. A. heat B. heating C. heated D. be hearted 2. The terrible noise near the airport almost _______ me mad. A. drove B. sent

29、 C. put D. took 3. After a careful examination, we found the machine was still in good ________. A. condition B. situation C. case D. state 4. Mum _______ the pot and showed us what she had prepared for lunch. A. discovered B. uncovered C. unco

30、vers D. discovers 5. As far as I’m _______, China will send man to the moon in the near future. A. known B. reported C. concerned D. worked 6. Since the plan has been worked out, it should be _______ soon. A. carried off B. carried on C. carried away

31、 D. carried out 7. The Titanic hit a big iceberg and sank with 2000 passengers on _______. A. abroad B. aboard C. board D. broad 8. The next morning, US President Franklin Roosevelt _______ war against Japan. A. announced B. declared C. stated

32、 D. claimed II. 根據(jù)漢語完成下列句子。 1. 熱牛奶時, 她聽到一則新聞, 幾乎讓她發(fā)瘋。 When ________ the milk, she heard a _______ of news, which almost _______ her _______. 2. 我們很關(guān)心他們的生活條件是否得到改善。 We are concerned about ________ their ________ _________ have been improved. 3. 他們宣布在明年實施這項計劃。 They ________ that the pla

33、n would ________ ________ _______ next year. 4. 她勇敢地向董事會揭露了他的陰謀。 She ________ his plot to the ________ bravely. Key: I. 1-5 CAABC 6-8 DCB II. 1. heating; piece; drove; mad 2. whether; living conditions 3. declared be carried out 4. uncovered; board 單詞講解（下） (Project) 用下列方框內(nèi)所給單詞填空

34、。 in return; confuse in use; influence; similar 1. During the Warring State Period, there was much fighting and ________ in China. 2. Parents’ behaviors have _________ on their children. 3. Though they are twins, there are few _________ between them. 4. Paper money was _________ in China

35、 as early as Song Dynasty. 5. She gave me a pen and I gave her a dictionary _______. 【答案與講解】 1. 填confusion. 作名詞“混亂;混淆”， cause confusion引起混淆; be in confusion混亂中。 The explosion caused much confusion in the street. 爆炸在街上引起一片混亂。 【拓展】動詞為confuse, 常見短語：confuse A with B 把A與B相混淆；feel confused about st

36、h對……感到混淆;。如： The more he explained, the more confused I felt about it. 他越解釋，我卻越迷惑。 2.填influence. influence既可作動詞也可作名詞，側(cè)重穩(wěn)定的影響，如言行等對一個人產(chǎn)生的潛移默化的“影響”。have influence on…對……有影響。influenced by sb在某人的影響下。如: Influenced by his father, he turned doctor when he grew up. 在父親的影響下,他長大后當了一名醫(yī)生。 3. 填similariti

37、es. 作可數(shù)名詞表示“相似點”。如： Could you tell me the similarities and differences between the two? 你能告訴我這兩者的相似點和不同點嗎？ 【拓展】 1) A be similar to B表示“A與B相似”。如： The girl is similar to her mother in appearance.這女孩在外貌上像她母親。 2）A be similar to B in…表示“A與B在……相似”。 The two areas are similar in that there is lo

38、ts of rain in summer. 這兩地相似之處在于夏季都有大量的降雨。 4. 填in use. 介詞短語in use表示“在使用中”，有被動之義，其中use為名詞。 At that time, tools made of metal were widely used in China. 那時在中國金屬工具已廣泛在中國使用。 【拓展】含use的常用短語還有：come into use開始使用；put…to use 使用……；be of great / no use 很有/沒有用處（=useful / useless）；for the use of 為……使用；make fu

39、ll/good use of… 充分使用……；It’s no use doing sth.做某事沒有用。 It’s no used arguing with him any more. 再與他理論是沒有用的。 5. 填in return. 短語in return表示“作為回報”；in return for…作為對……的報答。 I treated him to dinner in return for his help. 我請他吃飯作為對他幫助的報答。 【拓展】1) return可以用動詞和名詞“歸還；返回；回報”。return sth to sb =return sb sth 把某

40、物還給某人；return from abroad從國外回來；return sb a visit 回訪某人。return 不可與副詞back連用，否則語義重復。Many happy returns (of the day). 祝你長壽（生日或節(jié)日祝詞）。 2) in turn 表示“依次；反過來”。請看下列高考題： People try to avoid public transportation delays by using their own cars, and this creates further problems. (2020湖北） A. in short

41、 B. in case C. in doubt D. in turn　?。ù鸢福海模? 【及時鞏固】 I．選擇。 1. A clean environment can help the city bid for the Olympics, which ______ will promote its economic development. A. in nature B. in turn C. in return D. in fact 2. You shouldn’t ignore the _______ the internet

42、_______ on the teenagers. A. affect; have B. influence; have C. effect; takes D. influence; has 3. As early as 500 BC, animals like oxen were _______ helping the farmers. A. in turn B. in brief C. in use D. in case 4. I don’t know why English has _______ rule

43、s. A. so many confusing B. so much confusing C. such much confused D. such many confused 5. The twin brothers are _______ to each other in many ways. A. the same B. different C. similar D. similarity II. 根據(jù)所給漢語完成下列句子。（每空一詞） 1. 吸煙影響自身和

44、他人的健康。 Smoking _______the _______ of the smoker himself as well as ______of others 2. 那時郵票還沒有在歐洲正廣泛使用。 At that time, stamps were not widely _______ ________ Europe.. 3. 你應當努力學習來回報父母為你所做的一切。 You should work hard _______ ________ _______ all _______ your parents have done for you. 4. 要是一

45、個國家處于混亂中,那建設怎能進行下下去呢? If a country is left_______ ________, how can constructions be _______ _______? 5. 比較不同文化時我們常只注意區(qū)別而不注意許多相似之處。 When _______ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the _______ without noticing the many _______. Key: I. 1-5 BDCAC II. 1. influences / affects; health; that 2. in use 3. in return for; that 4. in confusion; carried on 5. comparing; differences; similarities