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1、一、語法填空　專題訓(xùn)練(一) 巧用派生詞，做好語法填空(4) ◆ 技巧點(diǎn)撥 英語中有許多單詞可帶否定前綴或否定后綴，將該詞變成一個(gè)與原來單詞意義完全相反的詞。在做語法填空時(shí)，要仔細(xì)領(lǐng)會(huì)短文的意思，理清文章脈絡(luò)，注意行文邏輯，特別注意上下文之間有無轉(zhuǎn)折、對比、相反關(guān)系，如果有此種關(guān)系，文中又沒有相應(yīng)過渡詞語，就要考慮利用構(gòu)詞法知識，即利用單詞的否定前綴或否定后綴來解題。 常用的否定前綴有： in～＋adj.→adj. correct→incorrect(不正確的) active→inactive(不積極的) im～＋adj.→adj. polite→impolite(不禮貌

2、的) patient→impatient(不耐煩的) un～＋adj.→adj. lucky→unlucky(不幸運(yùn)的) happy→unhappy(不高興的) il～＋adj.→adj. logical→illogical(不合邏輯的) legal→illegal(非法的) ir～＋adj.→adj. regular→irregular(不規(guī)則的) responsible→irresponsible(不負(fù)責(zé)任的) dis～＋adj.→adj. honest→dishonest(不誠實(shí)的) satisfied→dissatisfied(不滿意的) un～＋v

3、.→v. dress→undress(脫衣服) load→unload(卸貨) dis～＋v.→v. like→dislike(不喜歡) cover→discover(發(fā)現(xiàn)) non～＋n.→adj. profit→nonprofit(非盈利的) stop→nonstop(不間斷的) ill～ treat→ill-treat(虐待) manner→ill-mannered(沒禮貌的) 　常用的否定后綴有： n.＋less→adj. care→careless(粗心的) home→homeless(無家可歸的) n.＋free→adj. care→carefre

4、e(無憂無慮的) paper→paper-free(無紙張的) ◆ 活學(xué)活用 (一)用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 Ann walked out of the chemical factory，annoyed at her __1__(pleasant) interview with Jack，the vice general manager of the factory.Ann was told the factory had been pouring waste water directly into the river，making the water __2__(suit) to d

5、rink.Ann thought it was her duty to __3__(close) the matter and had it reported in the newspaper.She also thought it was __4__(responsible) for the factory to do so.Jack thought it was __5__(proper) and __6__(legal) for Ann to report the whole thing in public without telling them in advance. Howeve

6、r，Ann regarded it most important to ensure the residents near the factory to drink __7__(pollution) water.She told Jack if his factory kept on polluting the river，he was sure to answer for what he had done one day. (二)語法填空 (2020;2020年梅州、揭陽第一次聯(lián)考)Snake dishes have become popular __1__ recent years.S

7、nake meat in various flavors (風(fēng)味) is often seen in restaurant ads.Eating snake seems to be now in vogue(盛行)，and if you haven't eaten snake yet，you __2__ (consider) “out of date”．But I wonder __3__ all the trends are worth following.Some people may defend themselves __4__ saying that snake meat is nu

8、tritious.But these people don't realize that many parasites(寄生蟲)，__5__ do harm to our health，are found inside snakes. According __6__ a survey，about 1,000 tons of snakes are eaten every year in China and sometimes as __7__ as 10 tons of snakes are served on dinner tables in Shenzhen in a single day

9、! These figures warn us that if no action is taken，__8__ number of snakes will drop and make an increase in mice and worms population，which will __9__ in a decrease(減產(chǎn)) of crop output.Who will see such tragedy happen? So let's start not to eat snakes any more because “to protect the snake is to pr

10、otect __10__”． 二、完形填空 (2020;2020年全國Ⅰ卷改編)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。 It was a busy morning，about 8∶30，when an elderly gentleman in his 80s came to the hospital.I heard him saying to the nurse that he was in a hurry for an appointment(約會(huì))at 9∶30. The nurse had him take a seat in

11、 the waiting area，__1__him it would be at least 40 minutes __2__ someone would be able to see him.I saw him__3__his watch and decided，since I was __4__ busy—my patient didn't__5__at the appointed hour，I would examine his wound.While taking care of his wound，I asked him if he had another doctor's app

12、ointment.The gentleman said no and told me that he needed to go to the nursing home to eat breakfast with his__6__.He told me that his wife had been __7__for a while and that she had a special disease.I asked if she would be __8__if he was a bit late.He replied that she __9__ knew who he was，and tha

13、t she had not been able to__10__him for five years now.I was surprised，and asked him，“And you still go every morning，even though she doesn't know who you are？” He smiled and said，“She doesn't know me but I know who she is.” I had to hold back __11__ as he left. Now I __12__ that the happiest peopl

14、e don't __13__have the best of everything；they just__14__the best of everything they have.__15__ isn't about how to live through the storm，but how to dance in the rain. 1．A.persuading　　　　　　　 B．promising C．understanding D．telling 2．A.if B．before C．since

15、 D．a(chǎn)fter 3．A.taking off B．fixing C．looking at D．winding 4．A.very B．a(chǎn)lso C．seldom D．not 5．A.turn up B．show off C．come on D．go away 6．A.daughter B．wife C．mother

16、 D．sister 7．A.late B．well C．a(chǎn)round D．there 8．A.lonely B．worried C．doubtful D．hungry 9．A.so far B．neither C．no longer D．a(chǎn)lready 10．A.recognize B．a(chǎn)nswer

17、C．believe D．expect 11．A.curiosity B．tears C．words D．judgment 12．A.realize B．suggest C．hope D．prove 13．A.necessarily B．completely C．naturally D．frequently 14．A.learn

18、 B．make C．favor D．try 15．A.Adventure B．Beauty C．Trust D．Life 三、閱讀理解　專題訓(xùn)練(一) 閱讀中的猜詞技巧(4) 根據(jù)同等關(guān)系猜測詞義 ◆ 方法點(diǎn)撥 　同等關(guān)系指一組詞在句中作同一成分，且它們的詞義屬于同一義域，這些詞常用and或or來連接。如： At fifty he is in_his_prime_of_life and always full of

19、 energy. 根據(jù)full of energy可判斷出in his prime of life的意思為“最好的時(shí)候、精力旺盛之際”。 ◆ 活學(xué)活用 (一)利用上述猜詞技巧，猜測下列各句劃線部分的意思 1．He is a serious person who always does everything conscientiously. 2．If you don't stop doing like this，you'll impair your health. 3．He strayed because of the darkness，and didn't know whe

20、re he was. 4．In the ancient city of Rome，we visited every mansion，battle site，theatre and other public halls. (二)閱讀下列短文，按要求完成讀寫任務(wù) Camping wild is a wonderful way to experience the natural world and，at its best，it makes little environmental influence.But with increasing numbers of people wanti

21、ng to escape into the wilderness，it is becoming more and more important to camp unobtrusively and leave no mark. Wild camping is not permitted in many places，particularly in crowded lowland Britain.Wherever you are，find out about organizations responsible for managing wild spaces，and contact them t

22、o find out their policy on camping and shelter building.For example，it is fine to camp wild in remote parts of Scotland，but in England you must ask the landowner's permission，except in national parks. Camping is about having relaxation，sleeping outdoors，experiencing bad weather，and making things wi

23、thout modern conveniences.A busy，fully-equipped campsite (野營地) seems to go against this，so seek out smaller，more remote places with easy access to open spaces and perhaps beaches.Better still，find a campsite with no road access：walking in makes a real adventure. Finding the right spot to camp is th

24、e first step to guaranteeing a good night's sleep.Choose a campsite with privacy and minimum influence on others and the environment.Try to use an area where people have obviously camped before rather than creating a new spot.When camping in woodland，avoid standing by a dead tree，which may fall on a

25、 windy night.Avoid animal runs and caves，and possible homes of biting insect.Make sure you have most protection on the windward side.If you make a fire，do so downwind of your shelter.Always consider what influence you might have on the natural world.Avoid damaging plants.A good campsite is found，not

26、 made——changing it should be unnecessary. Ⅰ.以約30詞概括文章大意 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Ⅱ.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案 1．

27、You needn't ask for permission when camping in ________. A．national parks in England B．most parts of Scotland C．crowded lowland Britain D．most parts of England 2．What does the underlined word “unobtrusively” in Para.1 probably mean? A．unofficially B．unattractively C．unnoticeably D．uncomfort

28、ably 3．The author thinks that a good campsite is one ________. A．with easy access B．used previously C．with modern conveniences D．far away from beaches 4．The last paragraph mainly deals with ________. A．protecting animals B．building a campfire C．camping in woodland D．finding a campsite with

29、 privacy 5．The passage is mainly about ________. A．the protection of campsites B．the importance of wild camping C．the human influence on campsites D．the dos and don'ts of wild camping 參考答案 (一) 1．Unpleasant 　2.unsuitable　 3.disclose 4．Irre

30、sponsible 　5.improper　 6.illegal　 7.pollution-free (二) 1．解析：in recent years：在最近幾年。 答案：in 2．解析：你會(huì)被認(rèn)為 “過時(shí)了”。這里要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 答案：are considered 3．解析：我在想 “是否”所有的時(shí)尚都值得我們?nèi)プ冯S。 答案：if/whether 4．解析：by在此表示方法或手段。 答案：by 5．解析：關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。 答案：which 6．解析：according to是固定詞組，意思是“根據(jù)”。 答案：to 7．解析：as many a

31、s：多達(dá)。 答案：many 8．解析：the number of snakes 蛇的總數(shù)。 答案：the 9．解析：result in 是固定詞組，意思是“導(dǎo)致”，在此表示導(dǎo)致莊家減產(chǎn)。 答案：result 10．解析：保護(hù)蛇類就是保護(hù)我們自己。 答案：ourselves 二、 1．解析：現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語。 答案：D 2．解析：It be time before...是固定句型，表示 “要過多長時(shí)間才……”。 答案：B 3．解析：我見他在“看表”，從上下文可知老人趕時(shí)間。 答案：C 4．解析：由于我預(yù)約的病人沒有按時(shí)來，我 “不”忙。 答案：D 5．解析：解

32、釋同上。 答案：A 6．解析：從下文可知老人要趕去和“妻子”吃早餐。 答案：B 7．解析：there指吃早點(diǎn)的地方。 答案：D 8．解析：我問他如果他遲到一會(huì)兒，他的妻子會(huì)不會(huì)“著急”。 答案：B 9．解析：從下文可知，老人的妻子“再也不”認(rèn)識他。 答案：C 10．解析：妻子不認(rèn)識他已有五年之久。 答案：A 11．解析：hold back tears：忍住眼淚。 答案：B 12．解析：我 “認(rèn)識到”最幸福的人不一定擁有最好的東西，他們只是充分利用所擁有的。 答案：A 13．解析：參看12題解釋。 答案：A 14．解析：參看12題解釋。 答案：B 15．解

33、析：“生活”不只是走過暴風(fēng)雨的問題，而是要知道怎樣在雨中跳舞。 答案：D 三、 (一) 1．解析：根據(jù)serious可判斷出conscientiously為“認(rèn)真”之意。 答案：認(rèn)真 2．解析：從if條件句的意思可推斷出句中impair的意思為“損害健康”。 答案：損害 3．解析：由句中的because of the darkness可推斷出stray的意思為“迷路”。 答案：迷路 4．解析：因?yàn)閙ansion與“戰(zhàn)場遺址”、“劇院”、“其它公眾廳”并列，所以mansion也應(yīng)屬于建筑物或場所。 答案：大廈 (二) Ⅰ The text gives us some

34、advice on camping wild，including choosing a camp site with privacy and easy access to open spaces，protect us from possible dangers and camping unobtrusively.(30 words) Ⅱ 1．解析：從第二段最后的but in England you must ask the landowner's permission，except in national parks可知答案。 答案：A 2．解析：此題可用同義釋義法得出答案，因?yàn)楹竺娴膌eave no mark(不留痕跡)對劃線單詞做了很好的解釋。 答案：C 3．解析：從最后一段的Try to use an area where people have obviously camped before rather than creating a new spot可知答案。 答案：B 4．解析：從最后一段的When camping in woodland.Avoid damaging plants可知答案。 答案：C 5．解析：文章主旨題。閱讀全文可知，本文主要給讀者解釋野外露營時(shí)的注意事項(xiàng)，告訴讀者該做什么，不該做什么。 答案：D