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1、Unit 4 Global warming 導(dǎo)讀：很多科學(xué)家認(rèn)為全球變暖是由人類活動(dòng)造成的，由于人們焚燒化石礦物或砍伐并焚燒森林，產(chǎn)生了二氧化碳等多種溫室氣體，導(dǎo)致全球氣候變暖。因此，我們究竟應(yīng)該為此做些什么呢？ Task：What can we do to protect the earth from being bad to worse? Global warming is a growing problem in the world. Melting ice－caps in the Arctic and Antarctica, rising temperatures across

2、 the continents, increasing number of typhoons and tropical storms are just some of the effects of global warming. It must be realised that humans activities are the causes of global warming. It is therefore our duty to save the earth. We can begin by minimizing the amount of carbon dioxide by taki

3、ng public transport instead of driving and using energy－efficient electrical appliances. Besides, the government can probably limit the number of cars allowed on the roads by imposing fines on offenders and improving public transport systems. More trees can be planted too. Education to protect the

4、environment should also be planned. Countries around the world can hold meetings and conferences and decide the steps to take to limit the CO2 levels. Economic sanctions can also be imposed on countries that have violated the rules. The Kyoto Protocol is one such example. It is important to cure th

5、e world, for the sake of ourselves and our descendants. We have to take action now. 請根據(jù)語義及提示寫出單詞 　1. C her work with his, you'll find hers is much better. 　2. Large q of air－conditioners have been sold since the temperature is high. 　3. She was trembling

6、with excitement but her voice was s . 　4. The unemployment problem is one of social __________ (現(xiàn)象)． 5. New Zealand has a mild sea c ， while the north is subtropical. 　6. He works more than 10 hours every day on a . 　7. Scientists think tha

7、t the Arctic is endangered by __________ (污染)． 　8. We ought to learn more about our body and the f (養(yǎng)分) it needs to keep fit. 9. A w misunderstanding is that science is about “true” facts that never change. 10. There is an increasing t for wo

8、men to have children later in life. 11. I trust his ability a (完全地)． 12. It is not a p diamond necklace but a valueless one. 1. Comparing　 2. quantities　 3. steady　 4. phenomena　 5. climate　 6. average　

9、7. pollution　 8. fuel　 9. widespread　 10. tendency　 11. absolutely　 12. precious 請根據(jù)語義寫出短語 1. take it ____________ 輕松，不緊張 2. run out ____________ 用完 3. make ____________ of 構(gòu)成 4. in ____________ 尤其；特別 5. make ____________ 有道理； 講得通 6. __________

10、__ feelings 傳達(dá)情感 7. stay ____________ 熬夜 8. let ____________ 泄露 1. easy　 2. of　 3. up　 4. particular　 5. sense　 6. convey　 7. up　 8. out 1. There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather th

11、an a random but natural phenomenon. (P26) 2. Without the ‘greenhouse effect’， the earth would be about thirty－three degrees Celsius cooler than it is. (P26) ①consequence n. 根據(jù)語境猜詞義 (1) Not making a will can have serious consequences for the people you might wish to benefit. (2) Scientists thin

12、k it unlikely that any species will actually become extinct as a consequence of the oil spill. (3) Well, if you insist on eating so much, you'll have to suffer / take the consequences! 根據(jù)語義找匹配 A. 由于　 B. 嚴(yán)重的后果　 C. 后果自負(fù) (1) B　(2) A　(3) C ①consequence n. 短語 answer for the consequence 對后果負(fù)責(zé) as

13、 a consequence / in consequence因而，結(jié)果 face / take / suffer the consequences of 自食其果，承擔(dān)責(zé)任 as a consequence of / in consequence of / as a result of……的結(jié)果，因?yàn)椤木壒剩捎? of little / no consequence 不重要的，無足輕重的 ①consequence n. 用consequence短語的適當(dāng)形式填空 (1) He broke the law, and now he must ______ ______ _____

14、_ ______ his action. (2) She was over the age limit, ______ ______ ______， her application was rejected. (3) Your opinion is ______ ______ ______(不重要) to me. ①consequence n. ①consequence n. (1) face / take / suffer the consequences of　 (2) as a consequence　 (3) of little consequence (4) in

15、consequence of; take the consequence (4) Jack failed to pass the exam ______ ______ ______ being lazy in study. He could do nothing but ______ ______ ______. ②range n. & v. 根據(jù)語境猜詞義 (1) You will find a whole range of children's books in the bookshop. (2) If you are employed, your salary is in th

16、e range of 26,000 dollars to 30,000 dollars. (3) It came within my range of vision. (4) The gun has a range of more than 5 miles. (5) Tibet is a place of high mountain ranges and deep valleys. ②range n. & v. (6) The show had a massive audience, ranging from children to grandparents. (7) Oprah

17、Winfrey's talk show ranges over a variety of topics. (8) Cattle ranged over the pastures in search of food. (9) In the dining room, team photographs were ranged along the wall. ②range n. & v. 根據(jù)語義找匹配 A. 漫游，閑逛　 B. 山脈　 C. 射程　 D. 距離　 E. 排列　 F.

18、涉及　 G. 一系列的、成套的東西　 H. 包括(不同種類的人和物)　 I. (數(shù)量，年齡，溫度等)范圍，界限 (1) G　 (2) I　 (3) D　 (4) C　 (5) B　 (6) H　 (7) F　 (8) A　 (9) E 短語 a wide / whole / full range of 一系列，一整套，各種各樣的 in / within a…range 在……的范圍之內(nèi) range from…to… 包括(不同種類的人和物) range from / between…to / and…(數(shù)量，年齡，溫度等)范圍，界限 (包括上限

19、和下限) range over / through 漫游，閑逛 range over 涉及 ②range n. & v. ②range n. & v. 用range的適當(dāng)形式填空 There are a wide (1) __________ of children's books in the bookshop, whose prices (2)__________ 1 dollar __________ 20 dollars. The content (3) __________ widely. You can choose books according to the wri

20、ters' names (4) __________along the wall next to the door. (1) range　 (2) range from / between; to / and　(3) ranges　(4)ranged ③result n. & v. 根據(jù)語境猜詞義 (1) His limp is the result of an accident. (2) All the people present couldn't wait to know the results of the game. (3) The sports meeting was

21、put off as a result of a heavy rain. (4) Eating too much fat and sugar will result in not only overweight but also heart disease. (5) His failure results from his carelessness. ③result n. & v. 根據(jù)語義找匹配 A. (比賽、考試等的)結(jié)果，比分，分?jǐn)?shù)等　 B. 由于　 C. 結(jié)果　 D. 導(dǎo)致　 E. (因……而)發(fā)生，產(chǎn)生，出現(xiàn) (1) C　(

22、2) A　(3) B　(4) D　(5) E ③result n. & v. 短語 as a result 因此，結(jié)果 as a result of 作為……的結(jié)果，由于 in result 結(jié)果，因此 in the result后果，結(jié)果 meet with good results取得好成績 with the result that 結(jié)果是，因此，從而 without result 無效地，毫無結(jié)果地 result from (因……而)發(fā)生，產(chǎn)生，出現(xiàn) result in導(dǎo)致，產(chǎn)生某種作用或結(jié)果 ③result n. & v. 用上述單詞或短語填空 On my

23、 way to school, I witnessed a traffic accident, (1)__________ __________ 3 deaths, which (2)__________ __________ the serious injuries to the head. 5 minutes later, the policeman came and asked me a few questions (3) __________ __________ __________ that I was late for school. (1) resulting in　(2)

24、resulted from (3) with the result ④state n. (1) The building is in a bad state. (2) He is in a good state of mind. (3) The railroads belong to the state in this county. ④state n. 根據(jù)語義找匹配 A. 政府，州　 B. 狀態(tài)　 C. 心態(tài) (1) B　(2) C　(3) A ④state n. 短語 in a terrible / bad state 狀況糟糕 be in a

25、 state / get into a state 處于緊張(焦慮，興奮)之中 辨析 state / condition / situation state 常用詞，指人或物存在或所處的狀態(tài)，還表示人的精神、情緒和身體的狀態(tài)。 She got herself into a state about the exams. condition 意為“條件、情況、狀況”，其單數(shù)形式指人和物所處的狀況，這時(shí)與state 意義相近，?？苫Q，但condition 還常著重于一定原因、環(huán)境或條件造成的特定情況。 His condition doesn't permit him to travel

26、. situation 指某一時(shí)間由各種情況造成的“處境，形勢，局面”。 He found himself in an embarrassing situation. ④state n. 單項(xiàng)填空 (1) The car was in a good working ______ when I bought it a few months ago. A. form B. situation C. state D. circumstance (2) She was in ______ confused state of ____

27、__ mind when she heard the news. A. a; the B. a; / C. / ; the D. / ; a ④state n. (1) C　(2) B ⑤quantity n. 根據(jù)語境猜詞義 (1) This company is more concerned with quality than with quantity. (2) A large quantity of air－conditioners has been sold since the temperature is hi

28、gh. (3) Huge quantities of oil were shipped to Japan last year. 根據(jù)語義找匹配 A. 大量的　 B. 數(shù)量 ⑤quantity n. (1) B　(2) A　(3) A 短語 a large / small / vast, etc. quantity of 大量的(后接謂語動(dòng)詞單數(shù)) large / huge / vast, etc. quantities of 大量的(后接謂語動(dòng)詞復(fù)數(shù)) in large / small / sufficient, etc. quantities 大量地 /

29、 少量地 / 足量地 ⑤quantity n. 完成句子 (1) It's cheaper to buy goods___________________. 大批量購貨較便宜。 (2) __________________ poison were detected in the dead man's stomach. 在死者胃中找到了少量的毒藥。 ⑤quantity n. (1) in large quantities　 (2) Small quantities of ⑥tend v. 根據(jù)語境猜詞義 (1) People tend to need less slee

30、p as they get older. (2) Sophia was in the bedroom tending to her son. (3) Charles tends towards obesity. ⑥tend v. 根據(jù)語義找匹配 A. 照料，照顧，護(hù)理　 B. 趨向，趨于，走向　 C. 往往會(huì)，常常就 (1) C　(2) A　(3) B ⑥tend v. 短語 tend to do sth. 往往會(huì)，常常就 tend (to) sb. 照料，照顧，護(hù)理 tend towards / to sth. 趨向，趨于，走向 鏈接 tendency n.

31、趨向，偏好，性情 完成句子 (1) Women __________ live longer than men. 女人往往比男人長壽?！　? (2) Prices __________ upwards over recent years. 近年來物價(jià)趨于上升。 (3) Doctors and nurses __________ the injured. 醫(yī)生和護(hù)士護(hù)理受傷者。 ⑥tend v. (1) tend to　(2) have tended (3) tend (to) ⑦come about 根據(jù)語境猜詞義 (1) I don't know how th

32、e accident had come about? (2) How does it come about that he is so badly off when he earns quite a good salary? ⑦come about 根據(jù)語義找匹配 A. 發(fā)生　 B. 怎么會(huì)發(fā)生……這樣的事呢？ (1) A　(2) B 短語 come to do sth. 開始認(rèn)為，開始覺得；偶然地做某事 come and go來去自由；斷斷續(xù)續(xù) take sth. as it comes 原樣接受，聽天由命 come across sb. / sth.偶遇某人 / 某

33、物；偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)某人 / 某物；被理解； 穿過 come around / round 探訪、拜訪；改變觀點(diǎn)；蘇醒，恢復(fù)知覺 come at撲向，向……逼近 come back回來；再度流行；恢復(fù)；反駁 ⑦come about come down to 歸根到底；傳到……手里，傳下來給 come into force (法律，法規(guī)等)生效，實(shí)施 come to terms with 甘心忍受 句型 how come…？ 怎么會(huì)……？ How does it come about that… 怎么會(huì)發(fā)生……這樣的事呢？ ⑦come about ⑦come about 用c

34、ome的相關(guān)短語填空 One day I (1) __________ __________an old friend in the street, he said his new book would (2) __________ __________ and that some of my ideas (3)__________ __________ in it and that I would be interviewed by reporters. I never imagined that such a thing would (4)__________ __________ in

35、 my life. (1) came across　(2) come out　 (3) came up　 (4) come about ⑧build up 根據(jù)語境猜詞義 (1) All the pressure built up and he was off work for weeks with stress. (2) Build yourself up to peak performance on the day of the exam. (3) The play was built up to be a masterpiece but I found it dis

36、appointing. (4) You need more protein to build you up. (5) The finds help us build up a picture of life in the Middle Ages. ⑧build up ⑧build up 根據(jù)語義找匹配 A. 吹捧，鼓吹　 B. 加大，加強(qiáng)，增多　 C. 創(chuàng)建，開辦　 D. 增強(qiáng)……體質(zhì) (1) B　(2) D　(3) A　(4) D　(5) C ⑧build up 鏈接 put up 張貼；住宿 set up 建立， 樹立， 創(chuàng)立 stay up熬夜 g

37、o up 上升，上漲 turn up朝上翻， 來到， 卷起，出現(xiàn)，調(diào)大 hold up 舉起， 阻擋， 耽擱， 支撐 單項(xiàng)填空 (　　)They gave him soup to ______ his strength. A. set up B. build up C. hold up D. turn up ⑧build up B ⑨ …it_is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomeno

38、n.(P26) ……全球變暖是人為的，而不是隨意的自然現(xiàn)象。 ⑨ (1) It is on this arable land that the farmers produce food for the whole population of China. (2) Was it you that I saw last night at the concert? (3) When was it that the fire broke out on a No. 9 bus? (4) It was not until 30 years later that he came back to

39、his hometown. (1) 強(qiáng)調(diào)句，可以用來強(qiáng)調(diào)句子的主語，賓語，狀語等。強(qiáng)調(diào)句的結(jié)構(gòu)通常是： It ＋ is / was ＋ 強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 ＋ that / who / who＋句子的剩余部分。 It is tomorrow that the sports meeting will be held. (2) 強(qiáng)調(diào)句的一般疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)： Is / Was ＋it＋ 強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 ＋ that / who ＋句子的剩余部分。 Is it because Tom is often careless that you don't want him to do the job? ⑨ ⑨

40、 (3) 特殊疑問句的強(qiáng)調(diào)：疑問詞 ＋ is / was ＋ it ＋ that＋句子的剩余部分。 Where was it that the fire broke out on a NO. 9 bus? (4) 含有not until 的強(qiáng)調(diào)句： It ＋ is / was ＋ not until… ＋ that＋句子的剩余部分。 It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I recognized her. 單項(xiàng)填空 (　　) (1) It is they ______ wrong. A. who are

41、 B. that is C. that was D. whom are (　　) (2) ______ you want to say? A. What is it that B. What it is that C. How is it that D. How it is that (　　) (3) It was ______ they were having dinner ______ the phone rang. ⑨ A. that; that B

42、. when; that C. that; when D. when; when (　　) (4) It was the girl ______ I met in park ______ told me the news. A. who; that B. which; that C. that; which D. whom; which ⑨ (1) A　(2) A　(3) B　(4) A ⑩ Without the ‘greenhouse effect’， the earth would be about t

43、hirty－three degrees Celsius cooler than it is.(P26) 如果沒有這種 “溫室效應(yīng)”，地球的溫度將比現(xiàn)在的溫度還要低33攝氏度左右。 ⑩ (1) Without air, water, and sunlight there would be no living things. (2) What would I have done without you? ⑩ 此句子使用了虛擬語氣，假設(shè)與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的事情，介詞without ?？杀硎疽粋€(gè)條件，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)if從句，如without the ‘greenhouse effect’，相當(dāng)于

44、if there was no ‘greenhouse effect’， 此時(shí)，句子的謂語動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語氣。 ⑩ 單項(xiàng)填空 (　　) (1) Without electricity, human life ______ quite different. A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be (　　) (2) We ______ the work ahead of time without your help. A. can't finish B. don't

45、 finish C. couldn't have finished D. will finish (1) D　(2) C (　　) 1. (2020;2020·浙江)Practicing Chinese kung fu can not only ______ one's strength, but also develop one's character. A. bring up B. take up C. build up D. pull up C　本題考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。bring up撫養(yǎng)，培養(yǎng)； take up占

46、據(jù)； build up 增進(jìn)，加強(qiáng)；pull up 向上拉，拔，停車。句意：練習(xí)中國武術(shù)不僅可以增強(qiáng)力量，還可以完善個(gè)人品格。 【教材原文對照】Greenhouse gases continue to build up in the atmosphere.(P27) (　　)2. (2020;2020·課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)卷)I'll spend half of my holiday practising English and ______ half learning drawing. A. another B. the other C. other's

47、 D. others B　考查another，the other, others 三個(gè)詞作形容詞時(shí)的用法區(qū)別。句意是：我要用一半假期的時(shí)間練英語，另一半時(shí)間學(xué)畫畫。兩者中的另一個(gè)用the other。 【教材原文對照】Others who agree with her think there may be a rise of several metres in the sea level…(P27) (　　)3. (2020;2020·江西)Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving licence reached 200,000, a(n) ______ of 40,000 per year. A. average B. number C. amount D. quantity A　本題考查形容詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)句意：去年通過駕照考試的人達(dá)到了200,000，平均每年有40,000人拿到駕照。 【教材原文對照】The greenhouse effect gives the earth's surface the average temperature of 15℃.(P29)