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1、第十五篇 醫(yī)學心理學（Fifteenth medical psychology） Fifteenth medical psychology The first chapter is introduction [syllabus requirements] 1. the concept and status of medical psychology: (1) the concept and nature of medical psychology; and the position of medical psychology in modern medicine. T

2、he object of study, 2. medical psychology, tasks and methods: the research object of branch of medical psychology; the research task of medical psychology; the research branch of medical psychology; the medical psychology research methods. 3. the theoretical viewpoints of the main school of medic

3、al psychology: (1) the basic theory of psychoanalysis; the theory of psychological physiology; behaviorism theory; humanism theory; cognitive school theory. [survey of test sites] 1. medical psychology plays an important role in modern medicine. It promotes the transformation of medical model

4、and prevents the change of disease strategy. It conforms to the needs of clinical medical work and helps to improve the relationship between doctors and patients. 2. the research methods of medical psychology include clinical observation method, laboratory method, case investigation method, psych

5、ological test method and rating scale method. 3. the main viewpoints of the main school of medical psychology: first, the basic theory of psychoanalysis: three levels of consciousness, pre consciousness and subconscious; the psychological conflict of childhood depression in the subconscious is th

6、e root of psychological barriers. The theory of psychological physiology: the mind and body are unified; the nervous system, the internal system and the immune system are the three major physiological intermediaries. Behaviorism theory: all human behaviors, habits and ways of life are obtained throu

7、gh study. Classical conditioning, conditioned reflex, social observation learning. Humanistic theory: human nature is good, upward and self fulfilling. A variety of psychological disorders are self fulfilling, hindered, and cannot be realized. Cognitive school theory: human behavior is the result

8、 of individual rational cognition and evaluation. Only correct misconceptions can relieve mental disorders. [annual examination questions] (1~3 questions sharing alternative answers) A. abnormal psychology B. health psychology C. Neuropsychology D. clinical psychology E. physiol

9、ogical psychology 1. 、 the study of psychological counseling and psychological diagnosis Answer: D 2. study the relationship between the brain and behavior Answer: C 3. research to promote the rehabilitation and prevention of psychosomatic diseases Answer: B 4. in the humanistic

10、 treatment, the most important thing is that... A. expression B. analysis C. guidance D. listen E. sympathy Answer: D 5., the experimental research methods of medical psychology are mainly characterized by A. was completed only in the laboratory B. only for human subjects

11、 C. recorded only biological markers The D. is only carried out under certain controlled conditions E. uses only modern instruments and equipment Answer: D 6. the object of medical psychology is A. the discipline of mental activity B. scientific development of human behavior T

12、he occurrence and development of C. disease D. mental health problems and behaviors that affect health Principles of prevention and treatment of E. disease Answer: D The second chapter is the basis of medical psychology [syllabus requirements] 1. psychological activities: the conce

13、pt of psychology; definition and classification of psychological activities. 2., the psychological essence: the development of animal psychology; Content of mental essence. 3., cognitive process: the concept and characteristics of sensation and perception; the concept and rule of learning a

14、nd memory; the concept and characteristics of thinking; the concept of imagination and creativity. 4. emotional process: the concept of emotion and emotion; the difference between emotion and emotion; the theory of emotion; the role of emotion. 5. process of will: the concept of will; the char

15、acteristics of will; the quality of bad will. 6., needs, motives and setbacks: definition and classification; hierarchy of needs; definition and classification of motives; types of conflicts; setbacks. 7. personality: definition and classification of the concept of personality; ability; concep

16、t, physiological basis, classification and significance of temperament; the character of the concept, characteristics and classification; the personality theory; the symbol of personality formation. 8.: the definition of the behavior of behavior; the instinctive behavior and social behavior; the

17、type A behavior and cardiovascular disease; type C behavior and the occurrence of cancer. [survey of test sites] 1. classification of psychological activities. 2. perception is the reflection of the human brain on the overall attributes of the guest object directly acting on the receptor. P

18、erceptual characteristics: selectivity, wholeness, understanding, constancy. 3., strengthen learning, memory, memory drops, law: memorizing, keeping, recognition and recall, forgotten. Synaptic long-term potentiation (LTP) is the electrophysiological basis of memory. 4., the concept of emotion

19、 and emotion, and the difference between them. The doctrine of good emotion Shah three factors. Arnold's theory of emotional cognitive evaluation. The influence of emotion and emotion: the influence on health, and the influence on work efficiency; Third, the influence to the interpersonal communi

20、cation. 5. the will of a will, its characteristics, and the quality of bad will. 6., Maslow's need level has 5 levels of needs: physiological needs, security needs, love needs, respect needs, self actualization needs. 7. definition and classification of motivation. 8. types of conflict:

21、the double conflict; the double avoid conflict; the avoidance of conflict. 9. temperament and its physiological basis. Classification: (1) more blood, which is equivalent to lively; the mucus quality is equivalent to the quiet type; the third is the bile substance, which is equivalent to the exci

22、tatory type; the depressed substance is equivalent to the inhibitory type. 10. theory of personality: (1) the personality structure of psychoanalysis includes "Id", "ego" and "superego", and the balance between the three is conducive to the normal development of personality. (2) personality

23、 trait theory: firstly, cartel thinks that trait is the brick of personality, and the 16 source trait. Eysenck believes that personality traits include emotion (stability or instability), introversion extroversion and spiritual 3 dimensions. Social learning theory: Wahson and Skinner believe that th

24、e formation of personality is mainly the result of learning and adapting to social environment. Human personality theory of self: Rodgers believes that self realization is the driving force of personality formation. 11., the sign of personality formation: the establishment and socialization of se

25、lf consciousness. The characteristics of 12.A type behavior: time urgency; the bad temper; the feisty; hostile to people. Type A behavior is prone to coronary heart disease and hypertension. Type C behavior is prone to malignancy. [annual examination questions] 1. perception is the objectiv

26、e of the human mind A. Reflection of individual attributes B. reflection of overall attributes The reflection of essential attributes of C. D. reflection of special attributes E. reflects the development of attributes Answer: B 2. "long heard but not the room full of fragrant

27、 orchids, fragrance that is A. is allergic B. sensory adaptation C. sensory interaction D. decreased sensation E. sensitivity compensation Answer: B 3., both want to participate in the exercise of their own, but also afraid of poor performance, was ridiculed, at this time the mo

28、tive conflict is A. dual conflict B. double avoidance conflict The C. approach avoidance conflict D. double approach avoidance conflict E. double avoidance conflict Answer: C 4., the correct and comprehensive understanding of the mental essence is A. is the subjective reactio

29、n of the human brain to the objective reality B. psychology is the reflection of objective reality C. psychology is the reflection of subjective imagination D. psychology is the subjective reflection of objective reality E. psychology is what you want to reflect Answer: A 5. emotio

30、n has the trait of being emotional A. is strong and impulsive B. is accompanied by marked change in behavior C. is accompanied by marked physiological changes D. is steady and profound E. has obvious situational features Answer: D 6. the contents of the fastest memory forgetting

31、 occurs in memory after A. first days B. second days C. third days D. fourth days E. fifth days Answer: A 7., the main contradiction in adolescent self-awareness does not include A. ideal and reality B. learning and love C. original self and superego D. independence

32、and dependence E. communication and closure Answer: B 8., the definition of learning concept is A. the process of increasing their theories, knowledge, skills through school education B. The process of increasing your work experience, life experience, and social experience through

33、practice C. the process of changing bad behavior or habits by observing other people's words and deeds D. the process by which practice involves relatively constant change through practice E. through reading and practice in order to increase their ability to adapt to social work, life proce

34、ss Answer: D 9., a patient, a strong sense of competition, always want to outdo others; always feel that time is not enough, speak fast, walk fast; irritable, easily excited, often inconsistent with the views of others. The type of behavior belongs to Type A.A behavior Type B.B behavior

35、 Type C.C behavior Type D.D behavior Type E.E behavior Answer: A 10., a middle-aged person, childhood life suffered setbacks, personality suppression, emotional depression, often anxiety, depression, and not good at catharsis, excessive caution, demanding cooperation and reconciliation

36、. His mode of behavior is most susceptible to somatic diseases A. coronary artery disease B. brain hemorrhage C. chronic colitis D. hyperthyroidism E. cancer Answer: E 11. the physical symptoms of the patients with mental disorders are caused by the fact that the mind must be pr

37、oduced through physiological mediation A. Rodgers B. Buchanan C. Pavlov D. Wahson E. Freud Answer: B The third chapter psychological health [syllabus requirements] 1. outline of mental health: mental health concept; mental health standard. 2. mental health at different

38、ages: 1. Problems and maintenance of children's mental health; problems and maintenance of adolescent mental health; problems and maintenance of middle aged people's mental health; Problems and maintenance of mental health in the elderly. [survey of test sites] 1., the standard of mental he

39、alth: cognition is normal; emotion is optimistic; strong will; personality is sound; behavior and lifestyle are healthy. 2., the critical period of children's psychological development: the critical period of language development is 1~3 years old, the critical period of personality development is

40、 3~7 years old, the critical period of intellectual development is 7 years ago, the key period of self-control is 2~3 years old. 3. maintain education of youth mental health: sexual psychology, sexual physiology, sexual morality, sexual education; the correct world outlook and values education; t

41、he correct view on friendship, love education; the self consciousness education. [annual examination questions] 1., the critical period of intellectual development is A.3 years old B.4 years old C.5 years old D.6 years old E.7 years old Answer: E The fourth chapter is psyc

42、hosomatic disease [examination requirements] 1. an overview of psychosomatic diseases: definition of psychosomatic diseases; diagnostic criteria for psychosomatic diseases; psychosocial factors and psychosomatic diseases. 2. psychological stress and coping: (1) the definition of psychologic

43、al stress; the influence and mechanism of psychological stress on health; the mechanism of psychological defense; and the method of coping with psychological stress. 3. prevention and treatment of psychosomatic diseases: principles of prevention of psychosomatic diseases; principles of treatment

44、of psychosomatic diseases. [survey of test sites] 1. of psychosomatic diseases and diagnostic criteria: clinical features of organic disease; psychological - social factors of incidence; the neurosis can eliminate mental illness; the only treatment has little effect on biomedical measures.

45、Two Psychosocial factors and the occurrence of psychosomatic diseases. 3. definition of psychological stress, definition of psychological coping, and the mechanism of psychological stress affecting health. 4., coping with psychological stress. 5. principles of prevention and treatment of

46、 psychosomatic diseases. [annual examination questions] 1. principles of treatment for psychosomatic diseases do not include A. drugs relieve symptoms B. self adjustment C. uninterrupted vent D. correcting bad habits E. mental nursing Answer: C 2., according to psychosomat

47、ic medicine, the following diseases belong to psychosomatic diseases A. schizophrenia B. depression C. peptic ulcer D. lobar pneumonia E. mental retardation Answer: C The fifth chapter, psychological evaluation [syllabus requirements] 1., the concept of psychological asses

48、sment: the concept of psychological assessment; classification of psychological tests; the commonly used methods of psychological assessment. 2. the principles and conditions of psychological test: (1) the principle of psychological test; the condition of standardized psychological test. 3. co

49、mmonly used psychological tests and rating scales: intelligence tests; personality tests; rating scales. [survey of test sites] 1. concepts of psychological assessment and psychometrics, psychological tests. 2. classification of psychological tests. The common methods of psychological asses

50、sment are: survey method; observation method; conversation method; work analysis method; psychological test method. 3. principles of psychological test: standardization principle; confidentiality principle; objectivity principle. 4. standard psychological test conditions: the reliability and v

51、alidity;; norm; the fixed measurement conditions; the standard of instruction; the scoring method is unified; the large sample. 5. ratio iq. Deviation IQ (now used). 6. - Binet Simon scale (Bind-Simon plate), Wechsler Intelligence scale. In the crowd, true IQ, 90~109 is normal, greater than 10

52、9 is higher than normal, less than 90 is low, dry normal. 7. objective personality test: Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI); cartel 16 Personality Factor Questionnaire (16PF) (3) Eysenck personality toward EPQ. Projective personality test: the Rorschach Inkblot Test; the themat

53、ic apperception test. 8. rating scale: adaptive behavior scales such as adult intelligence disability rating scale; mental problems such as SCL-90 symptom checklist, SDS self rating depression scale, SAS self rating anxiety scale. [annual examination questions] 1. the extent to which an obj

54、ect can be measured in a test tool A. norm B. reliability C. validity D. sample E. standard Answer: B 2. Rorschach test as a psychological test, the methods being used is A. projection method B. questionnaire C. operation method D. observation E. talks Answer:

55、A 3. the conclusion of IQ IQ is "higher than normal" A.70 to 79 B.80 to 89 C.90 to 109 D.110 to 119 E.100 to 109 Answer: D 4. using 16 Personality Factor Scale (16PF) to test someone's personality characteristics, this method is based on A. Freud's personality theory B.

56、 cartel personality theory C. Eysenck's personality theory D. Skinner's personality theory E. Rodgers's personality theory Answer: B 5., "a psychometric tool" is called A. psychological assessment B. psychological identification C. psychological test D. psychological obser

57、vation E. psychological survey Answer: C 6., the Binet Simon scale belongs to one kind A. intelligence test B. personality test C. neuropsychological tests D. rating scale E. projective test Answer: A 7., the correctness of a test tool refers to the test A. validity

58、 B. reliability C. sample D. norm C. concept Answer: A 15 (X-M) 8.IQ= +100 calls it S A. ratio IQ B. deviation IQ C. percentile IQ D. median intelligence quotient E. personality quotient Answer: B 9. "the subjects respond to some unknown images and inks ba

59、sed on their own understanding and feelings, in order to induce the experience, emotions, or inner conflicts of the subjects," said one A. intelligence test B. projective test C. exercise test D. perception test E. personality test Answer: B 10. psychological tests should follow

60、 the principles of A. sincere, neutral and evasive B. self strengthening, self-reliance and Introspection C. reliability, validity and norm D. objective, confidentiality, standardization E. autonomy, learning and effectiveness Answer: D The sixth chapter is psychotherapy and cou

61、nseling [syllabus requirements] 1. concept of psychotherapy (1) the concept of psychotherapy. (2) the nature of psychotherapy. (3) the distinction between Ideological and political work and psychological consultation. (4) classification of psychotherapy. (5) indications of psych

62、otherapy. 2. commonly used methods of psychotherapy (1) common methods of psychoanalysis. (2) the common methods of behaviorism. (3) the characteristics of humanistic therapy. 3. principles and requirements of psychotherapy (1) the concept of relationship between TCM and psychother

63、apy. (2) the working principle of psychotherapy. (3) the basic requirements of the psychotherapist. 4. psychological counseling (1) the concept of psychological consultation. (2) the means and means of psychological consultation. [survey of test sites] 1. the concept and nature

64、of psychotherapy. 2., the difference between psychotherapy and psychological counseling. 3. classification and indications of psychotherapy. 4., the common methods of psychoanalysis: (1) free association; analysis of dreams; empathy. 5. the common methods of behaviorism are systematic de

65、sensitization therapy, aversion therapy, relaxation training method and biofeedback method. 6. humanistic therapy: patient centered therapy. 7. psychological treatment of doctor-patient relationship. 8. the working principle of psychotherapy: first, the principle of sincerity; patience prin

66、ciple; confidentiality principle; neutral principle; avoidance principle. 9., the concept and significance of psychological counseling. 10., the way and means of psychological counseling. [annual examination questions] 1. female, 19 years old, the first grade university freshmen, from the mountains to the city to go to school, can not see the readme cars on the road, when the car passed, feel the car is likely to hit their own, so very fear, to the psychological clinic, the best meth