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1、The Virtues of Growing Older Pre-reading questions(1)Suppose you are making a deal with the devil,trading your youth for whatever you want.What would you trade your youth for?Why?(2)What would you like your life to be when you are retired?1.Are you afraid of being old?2.What,in your opinion,are the

2、advantages and disadvantages of growing older?An old woman(photo taken in Jiangxi Province)，aged 83,who used be a charming young lady.Stages one goes through life:Infant Child Adolescence Youth Adult Middle-age Old-ageQuotes on Old Age The spiritual eyesight improves as the physical eyesight decline

3、s.（Plato）The first half of life consists of the capacity to enjoy without the chance;the last half consists of the chance without the capacity.(Mark Twain)Benefits Of Growing Older *In a hostage situation,you are likely to be released first.*No one expects you to run into a burning building.*Things

4、you buy now wont wear out.*Your eyes wont get much worse.*Your investment in health insurance is finally beginning to pay off.*Your joints are more accurate than the National Weather Service.*Your secrets are safe with your friends because they cant remember them either.poor memory Will You Marry Me

5、?A widower and widow had known one another for a number of years.One evening there was a community supper in the big activity center.These two were at the same table,across from one another.As the meal went on,he made a few admiring glances at her and finally gathered up his courage to ask her,Will

6、you marry me?After about six seconds of careful consideration,she answered.Yes.Yes,I will.The meal ended and with a few more pleasant exchanges,they went to their respective homes.Next morning,he was troubled.Did she say yes or did she say no?He couldnt remember.Try as he would,he just could not rec

7、all.Not even a faint memory.With trepidation,he went to the telephone and called her.First,he explained to her that he didnt remember as well as he used to.Then he reviewed the lovely evening past.As he gained a little more courage,he then inquired of her When I asked if you would marry me,did you s

8、ay Yes or did you say No?He was delighted to hear her say,Why,I said,Yes,yes I will and I meant it with all my heart.Then she continued,And I am so glad that you called.because I couldnt remember who had asked me.poor hearing Hearing Test An elderly gentleman feared his wife was getting hard of hear

9、ing.So he called her doctor to make an appointment to have her hearing checked.The doctor made an appointment for a hearing test in two weeks,and meanwhile suggested the husband try a simple informal test to give the doctor some idea of the state of her problem.Heres what you do,said the doctor,star

10、t out about 40 feet away from her,and in a normal conversational speaking tone see if she hears you.If not,go to 30 feet,then 20 feet,and so on until you get a response.“That evening,the wife is in the kitchen cooking dinner,and hes in the living room.He says to himself,Im about 40 feet away,lets se

11、e what happens.Then in a normal tone he asks,Honey,whats for supper?No response.So the husband moved to the other end of the room,about 30 feet from his wife and repeats,Honey,whats for supper?Still no response.Next he moves into the dining room where he is about 20 feet from his wife and asks,Honey

12、,whats for supper?Again he gets no response so he walks up to the kitchen door,only 10 feet away.Honey,whats for supper?Again there is no response,so he walks right up behind her.Honey,whats for supper?Finally he hears this response:Damn it Earl-for the fifth time-chicken!Success At age 4 success is

13、.not peeing in your pants.At age 12 success is.having friends.At age 16 success is.having a drivers license.At age 20 success is.having sex.At age 35 success is.having money.At age 50 success is.having money.At age 60 success is.having sex.At age 70 success is.having a drivers license.At age 75 succ

14、ess is.having friends.At age 80 success is.not peeing in your pants.wrinkle nasolabial folds (法令紋)18-68 aging 18歲 28 油性膚質(zhì)，肌膚出現(xiàn)瑕疵 38色素沉積；肌膚特征發(fā)生改變；下巴處肌膚質(zhì)地開始改變；上眼瞼開始松弛。48眼圈出現(xiàn)，面積變大；深度魚尾紋和川字紋出現(xiàn)；色素沉積不均勻；下巴輪廓繼續(xù)變得模糊。58嘴角處有了十分明顯的變化；色斑變深、變大；頸部明顯變得更松弛 68臉下半部的松弛變得明顯；上眼瞼明顯凹陷；頸部和下巴處膚質(zhì)改變；每一個老化臨床特征都開始加深。亞洲女性不同部位亞洲女

15、性不同部位肌膚的老化特征肌膚的老化特征 臉的下半部臉的下半部臉下半部的老化在歲之間十分明顯。雖然開始較晚，但演化十分快速。老化的主要特征之一是下巴膚質(zhì)改變，包括下巴形狀的改變和臉頰松弛，從而導致臉部輪廓巨大改變。頸部變粗，由于膚質(zhì)改變，常伴有松弛。改變從多歲開始，歲起逐漸變得明顯。嘴部嘴部 由于頻繁的肌肉運動，再加上其他習慣，如：吸煙，上嘴唇上的細紋出現(xiàn)于歲左右，并從此開始劇烈變化。這會導致臉頰松弛，加上肌膚老化，法令紋因而加深,歲變得非常明顯，多歲明顯加深。眼部眼部 眼部是經(jīng)受肌肉劇烈活動最多的部位之一。因為較薄和更為脆弱，更加容易缺水和干燥。眼部下方在早期由于微循環(huán)變化而經(jīng)常帶著一些細紋和

16、黑眼圈。漸漸地，細紋會從縱向排列并變長、變深。到了約歲，上眼瞼會在重力作用下開始松弛。同時，眼袋變得越來越明顯。隨著時間，它們會由于皮下組織的演變而逐漸加劇。由于重復的表情動作和肌膚的老化，魚尾紋開始明顯。上眼瞼松弛，歲起變得十分明顯，而且演化劇烈，直到歲趨于穩(wěn)定。眼袋歲時已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)，歲之間演化劇烈。之后的演化變得緩慢，直到歲趨于穩(wěn)定。肌膚色素沉積肌膚色素沉積 由于亞洲地區(qū)的高強度紫外線（主要為），以及亞洲肌膚中黑素細胞對紫外線的特別反應，亞洲女人由于黑色素過量生成和沉積,會形成色斑，而且會令膚色暗沉；另一方面，肌膚質(zhì)地也會由于環(huán)境和日曬逐漸改變。到歲間，色素沉積不均勻并不明顯。之后,色素沉積開

17、始發(fā)生明顯變化。直至近歲，才趨于穩(wěn)定。防曬,運動,按摩,補水,飲食,排毒.亞洲女性不同年齡段的亞洲女性不同年齡段的肌膚特征肌膚特征 歲 第一次有色斑出現(xiàn) 眼袋開始出現(xiàn) 第一道細紋出現(xiàn)在眼部下方 歲 膚質(zhì)開始改變 色斑變深、變大 上眼瞼開始松弛 歲 歲左右，兩眼間的川字紋開始變得明顯 皺紋加深 膚質(zhì)開始變得松弛 歲 臉下半部的下垂開始變得明顯 從歲開始，大部分老化跡象變得十分明顯 上眼瞼明顯凹陷 歲 皺紋繼續(xù)加深 橢圓形臉部輪廓漸漸消失 pop stars aging安吉利娜裘莉布拉德皮特等 澤塔瓊斯黛米莫爾等 哈里貝瑞朱莉亞羅伯茨等 珍妮佛安妮斯頓強尼戴普等 瑪麗亞凱利梅爾吉布森等 麥當娜伊麗

18、莎白赫利等 妮可基德曼莎朗斯通等 Text Comprehension 1.General questions(1)What is the writers attitude towards growing old?(2)What are the main benefits of growing old listed in the text?(3)What examples does the writer use to illustrate each of the benefits?Structure analysis of the text Paragraphs 1-2 These two p

19、aragraphs make up the first part of the text.The writers own view about growing older.Paragraphs 3-5 These paragraphs may be considered to constitute the second part or the main part of the text.During these paragraphs the author reveals three advantages of growing older respectively.What are they?B

20、eing less concern of ones appearance(Para.3)Being less uncertain about the unknowns(Para.4)Being sure of ones identity(Para.5)Paragraphs 6 After sharing her own experience in contrast to adolescents problems with the reader,in this paragraph the writer turns to the issue similar to the one mentioned

21、 in the first paragraph:the validity of American values on the aging problem.This text is a piece of exposition,which tells us a number of distinct advantages of growing old with examples.Part one（1-2）1.Why do people want to hide their gray hair and delay the effect of aging?2.What does the writer m

22、ean when she says“its un-American to say so”?3.Does the writer deny the virtues of being young?worship 1.to show respect and love for a god,especially by praying in a religious building.a church where people have worshipped for hundreds of years 2.to admire and love someone very much He absolutely w

23、orships her.3.worship the ground somebody walks on to admire or love someone so much that you cannot see their faults Hero-worship:great admiration for sb.who is thought to be very brave,good,skilful etc-often used to show disapproval They bowed their heads in worship.Your/His Worship:to talk to or

24、about a public official such as amayorormagistrate act of worship(=religious ceremony)convince:v.to bring by the use of argument or evidence to firm belief or a course of action convince sb of 除非你能說服我這次活動的安全性，否則我不會批準。I wont approve this operation unless you can convince me of its safety.convincing&c

25、onvinced.He is so _ of his own theory that it is impossible to turn him around.I had to let him go,because his reasons are very _.Grecian Formula Oil of Olaywork out To train the body by physical exercise 鍛煉身體，做運動 I worked out regularly to keep fit.To develop in a successful way 成功的發(fā)展 My first job d

26、idnt work out.Things have worked out quite well for us.work sb out 了解，理解（某人性格）I would never be able to work her out.work sth out 計算，算出;想出，處理It ll work out cheaper to travel by bus.Can you work out what these squiggles mean.I couldnt work out where the music was coming from.I v worked out a new way o

27、f doing it.exhaust,run out挖盡，采盡（煤，礦產(chǎn)等）a worked-out silver mine.jog to run slowly and steadily,especially as a way of exercising I go jogging every morning.to knock or push something lightly by mistake=bump You jogged my elbow.jog somebodys memory to make someone remember something Aging/ageing the p

28、rocess of growing old E.g.Our society is full of attitudes towards aging and old people.Age bracket:the people between two particular ages,considered as a group=age group=age range single people in the 40-50 age bracket the age of consentthe age when someone can legally get married or have a sexual

29、relationship the New Age movement:relating to spiritualbeliefs,types of medicine,and ways of living that are not traditional Western ones Old age pension:money that is paid regularly by the state to old people who do not work any more=social security Dread to feel great fear or anxiety about E.g.Ive

30、 got an interview with the bank manager tomorrow Im dreading it.E.g.He always dreaded asking them for their rent because he knew it would end in an argument.Distinct noticeable;unmistakable E.g.There is a distinct possibility that shell be appointed manager of the company.clearly different or belong

31、ing to a different type distinct types/groups/categories etc distinct from A distinct lack of enthusiasm Para 3 The first advantage of growing older-not being obsessed.The technique of contrast is used to project the difference between adolescents and people in their forties.They are focused on 2 as

32、pects:the shape of their bodies and clothes.With her own experience,the writer drive home her point.be apt to do somethingto have a natural tendency to do something exactly right for a particular situation or purpose=appropriate Love at first sight is a very apt description of how he felt when he sa

33、w her.The punishment should be apt for the crime.an apt pupil/student formala student who is quick to learn and understand Obsess:if something or someone obsesses you,you think or worry about them all the time and you cannot think about anything else-used to show disapproval(be)obsessed with/by to h

34、ave an unreasonably strong and continuous interest in particular things or persons E.g.She became obsessed in her old age with what to do with her immense wealth.be obsessing about/over something/somebody(informal)to think about something or someone much more than is necessary or sensible Stop obses

35、sing about your hair.Its fine.A lot of young girls are obsessed by their weight Mega-:a million-used with units of measurement;extremely;very big 1000 megawatts of electricity Her family is megarich!a megastore (giga-:a billion)Adj.very big and impressive or enjoyable Their first record was a mega h

36、it.diet V.to limit the amount and type of food that you eat,in order to become thinner N.the kind of food that a person or animal eats each day balanced/healthy/poor etc diet Bamboo is the pandas staple diet(=main food).a diet of something too much of an activity that you think is boring or has bad

37、effects Kids today are raised on a constant diet of pop music and television.Plead:to ask for something that you want very much,in a sincere and emotional way=beg:plead with somebody(to do sth.)plead guilty/not guilty/innocent She stayed home from work,pleading illness.The wife of one of the hostage

38、s appeared on TV last night to plead for her husbands life.school blazer tailor:v.to fit or provide(a person)with clothes made to that persons measurements;to make,alter,or adapt for a particular end or purpose 我們應該使自己的知識符合社會的需要。We should tailor our knowledge to the need of the society.Freak:someone

39、 who is extremely interested in a particular subject so that other people think they are strange or unusual a fitness/religious/computer freak someone who is considered to be very strange because of the way they look,behave,or think=weirdo These glasses make me look like a freak.tolerate:vt.容忍;容許;有耐

40、藥性力 I cant tolerate your bad manners any longer.我再也不能容忍你無禮的行為。He cant tolerate penicilin.他對盤尼西林無耐藥力。tolerance(n),tolerant(adj.),tolerable(adj.),intolerable(adj.)If I can be _ of this monstrosity,then there is nothing _ to me.Tolerant:adj.allowing people to do,say,or believe what they want without cr

41、iticizing or punishing them tolerant of/towards,a tolerant society Tolerable:a situation that is tolerable is not very good,but you are able to accept it The heat in this room is barely tolerable.Agony:very severe pain;a very sad,difficult,or unpleasant experience extreme mental or physical pain or

42、suffering E.g.He lay in agony until the doctor arrived.He was in agonies of remorse.Agony aunt:someone who writes an agony column Deny oneself not to allow oneself to have something that one normally has;to decide not to have something that you would like,especially for moral or religious reasons:E.

43、g.He denied himself all small pleasures and luxuries in his effort to live a holy life.deny that/doing something theres no denying(that/something)為了保持身體苗條，她克制自己不吃冰激凌。To keep slim,she denied herself ice-cream.to refuse to allow someone to have or do sth.His parents denied him the opportunity to go to

44、 university.She could deny her son nothing.Pecan pie Lanky:someone who is lanky is tall and thin,and moves awkwardly=gangling:Leggy:a woman is tall and attractive with long legs Giant:a man is very tall,esp.when you are surprised.lanky leggy mercy if someone shows mercy,they choose to forgive or to

45、be kind to someone who they have the power to hurt or punish仁慈；慈悲 show mercy to sb.對某人起了憐憫之心 幸運 Its a mercy that the explosion happened after the theatre.爆炸發(fā)生在散戲以后,真是不幸中之大幸。preferable:adj.more desirable or worthy than another;preferred prefer:v.prefer A to B：喜歡A多過B 我喜歡在黑夜里游走而不是在白天徘徊 I prefer roaming

46、 at night to wondering in the daytime.preference:n.e.g.sexual preference,political preference,etc.critical:adj.very important,essential,urgent;crucial,etc.e.g.a critical situation,a critical element,etc.批評的；批判的 critical spirit,critical opinions on this latest play,a man with a critical eye,etc.be cr

47、itical of sth.對某事表示譴責 await vt.wait for 等待(it is a vt.!)e.g.The committee is awaiting a decision from head office before it takes any action.wait-and-see adj.觀望的,等著瞧的 Everything comes to him who waits.諺凡事都要肯等,久等必有一善。pursue:v.to strive to gain or accomplish 追求 to pursue pleasure 尋樂 繼續(xù)；從事；貫徹 She pursu

48、ed the study of English for five years.她持續(xù)不斷地學了五年英語。追；追捕；追殺；追擊 The police are pursuing an escaped prisoner.警方正在追捕一個在逃的犯人。n.pursuit(in pursuit of)世人對名利的瘋狂追求令我惡心。The worlds mad pursuit of fame and fortune sickens me.sanity:n.the quality of being sane.lose ones sanity 失去理智,發(fā)狂 I doubt the sanity of such

49、 a plan.我懷疑這樣一個計劃是否明智。sane:adj.insane e.g.You went all the way to him in the rain?Thats just insane!automatically:adv.自動地 The new monitor apparatus is automatically controlled.這套新的監(jiān)護儀是自動控制的。automatic.adj.自動的;自動化的機械的;n.自動裝置自動機槍,炮 automation:n.(自動化)contradict v.to be opposite in nature to 同.矛盾,同.抵觸 e.

50、g.The results of his experiments seemed to contradict the laws of physics.n.contradiction adj.contradictory e.g.Your eloquence doesnt help a lot since your theory is contradictory to common sense.premise:n.邏輯前提；房產(chǎn) 要先樹立前提，然后才能得出結(jié)論。You need to establish your premise first before you draw the conclusio

51、n.These are premises of the big multi-national company.contentment n.feeling contented 滿意,知足 e.g.They finally found contentment in living a simple life.ant.Discontent 在這次會議上我終于有機會一吐胸中的不快。I finally got a chance to give vent to my discontent at this conference.hold out給予；提供 支持；繼續(xù) Will the car hold out

52、 till we reach London?How long will our fresh water supplies hold out?captain asked.堅持；忍耐(=hang on,hold on)He seems to hold out no hope of succeeding.I cant hold out much hope that the weather will improve.伸出 He held out his hand.hold out for 堅持要求(=stick out for)Homework 2.Paraphrase the following s

53、entences(1)Perhaps it is un-American to say so,(para.2)(2)When young,you are apt to be obsessed with your appearance.(para.3)(3)in order to turn his wiry adolescent frame into some muscular ideal.(para.3)(4)By way of contrast,forty is sanity.(para.5)(5)We are all human beings-neither saints nor devi

54、ls.(para.5)(6)Most Americans blindly accept the idea that newer is automatically better.But a human life contradicts this premise.(para.6)I think that a successful old age is easiest for those who have strong impersonal interests leading to suitable activities.It is in these activities that long exp

55、erience is really fruitful,and that the wisdom born experience can be used without becoming a burden.It is no use telling grown-up children not to make mistakes,both because they will not believe you,and because mistakes are an essential part of education.But if you are one of those who are incapable of impersonal interests,you may find that your life will be empty unless you concern yourself with your children and grandchildren.In that case you must realize that while you can still help them in material ways,you must not expect that they will enjoy your company.