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1、Unit1在我成長(zhǎng)的房子里有一間屋子，我們把它稱作圖書館。當(dāng)然，那不是真正的圖書館，它僅僅是由電視機(jī)占據(jù)了主要位置的一間書齋。但是它四面墻上全部裝修了嵌入式書架，上面擺了數(shù)百本書籍那些精裝本的書籍呈現(xiàn)著各種顏色，它們?cè)谀情g屋里把我們團(tuán)團(tuán)圍住。這些書是我父母和祖父母花了畢生精力收集起來的，它們成為我童年的一部分。我們這一代人即20世紀(jì)50年代和60年代的人可能是了解這種心情的最后一代人了，那種被上百萬(wàn)文字環(huán)繞著的感覺；那些文字是歷代知名的和默默無(wú)聞的作家們的作品。當(dāng)前，在20世紀(jì)70年代中期，我們正目睹一個(gè)不易察覺卻毫無(wú)疑問存在的慢慢背離書籍這類事物的傾向。恐怕美國(guó)的家庭很快就不會(huì)再留出房間做圖

2、書館了。精裝的圖書那思想永駐的象征，那從一個(gè)時(shí)代向下一時(shí)代傳留的智慧可能會(huì)添加到我們即將滅絕的物種名單上去。Unit 2 The foreign students at New York University come from more than 130 countries. Fifty percent are from Asia, especially South Korea, Japan and China. Foreign students are studying in all fourteen schools within the university. These include

3、 arts and sciences, law, business and education .Seventy-five percent of the foreign students are in graduate school. About twenty-five percent are in four-year programs that lead to a bachelors degree.The cost of attending New York University is different in each of its schools. For example, one ye

4、ar of study at the Wagner Graduate School of Public Service costs about $19,000. Some other schools within NYU cost more. Some cost less. The housing cost is about $9,000 a year.Bachelors degree students at NYU can borrow money from financial institutions to help pay for their studies. Foreign stude

5、nts in graduate school at NYU can get teaching or research jobs at the university. They can also get loans from financial institutions.Unit3.十五年前，計(jì)算機(jī)專家們擴(kuò)展了因特網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)。這個(gè)擴(kuò)展后的系統(tǒng)被叫做萬(wàn)維網(wǎng)。萬(wàn)維網(wǎng)使計(jì)算機(jī)用戶通過比以往的因特網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)快得多的速度來尋找并交換書面材料和圖片。對(duì)大多數(shù)能夠使用計(jì)算機(jī)的人來說，因特網(wǎng)和萬(wàn)維網(wǎng)已經(jīng)成為快速交換信息的工具。因特網(wǎng)上有許多很有價(jià)值的信息。作為一種研究工具，沒有什么能比得上因特網(wǎng)。通過因特網(wǎng)幾乎可以找到

6、任何種類的信息。網(wǎng)上有專門刊登鬼怪故事，詩(shī)歌或者兒童故事的電子雜志。在這個(gè)電子世界里有供你玩游戲的地方，也有討論政治、科學(xué)，歷史，農(nóng)耕或者任何你感興趣的話題的地方。你可以瀏覽或者搜集哈勃太空望遠(yuǎn)鏡拍攝到的精美的彩色圖片。你可以聽音樂或者看錄像。你可以看到音樂家表演他們的最新的歌曲。你甚至可以加入一個(gè)小組，通過墊子手段和他們聚會(huì)并討論他們最喜愛的搖滾樂隊(duì)。Unit4Movie experts say Walt Disney was responsible for the development of the art of animation. Disneys artists tried to p

7、ut life into every drawing . That meant they had to feel all the emotions of the cartoon creatures: happiness, sadness, anger , fear. The artists looked at themselves in a mirror and expressed each emotion: a smile, tears, a red face, wide-opened eyes. Then they drew that look on the face of each ca

8、rtoon creature. Disneys art of animation reached its highest point in 1940 with the movie Pinocchio. The story is about a wooden toy that comes to life as a little boy. Disneys artists drew two-a-half-million pictures to make Pinocchio. The artists drew flat pictures. Yet they created a look of spac

9、e and solid objects. Pinocchio was an imaginary world, yet it looked very real.Unit5. 20世紀(jì)，美國(guó)夢(mèng)遇到了挑戰(zhàn)。大蕭條使得二三十年代的生活到處都很艱難，對(duì)那些直接受到影響的人們來說，現(xiàn)實(shí)與美國(guó)夢(mèng)幾乎正好相反。種族間的不安定依然存在，在國(guó)內(nèi)的一些地方，種族暴力時(shí)有發(fā)生。自從二戰(zhàn)結(jié)束以后，年輕的美國(guó)家庭開始追求相對(duì)舒適和穩(wěn)定的生活，他們選擇居住在大城市周邊的市郊住宅區(qū)。因此50年代是一個(gè)相對(duì)保守的年代，當(dāng)時(shí)，“完美家庭”是很多人心中的美國(guó)夢(mèng)的一部分，或者就是美國(guó)夢(mèng)的結(jié)果本身。但這種保守的生活方式很快就被新一代人

10、所鄙棄，60年代的年輕人用嬉皮士的價(jià)值觀取代了包括美國(guó)夢(mèng)在內(nèi)的傳統(tǒng)價(jià)值觀。雖說對(duì)于美國(guó)夢(mèng)的追求在那些年中有所減弱，但美國(guó)夢(mèng)從來就沒有徹底消亡過。Unit6.Summer means internships for thousands of American college students. They work in the kinds of jobs they might want to have some day. Experts say at least one-third of all American college students complete an internship b

11、efore they graduate. Some students work for large companies. Some work for small organizations. Some work for the United States government. Many interns do not earn money at their summer jobs. Some college students get an internship to gain experience in the kind of job they want to get after gradua

12、tion. Others do not yet know what kind of permanent job they want. So they may get internships in several different companies or organizations. In this way, they can find out what kind of job they like best. Why are internships so popular? Students can learn about different kinds of jobs. They can d

13、o interesting work. They can learn skills and gain valuable experience. And they can meet important people. Students often describe internships as a chance that happens once in a lifetime.Unit7迷信是當(dāng)今英國(guó)文化中的一部分。盡管迷信活動(dòng)在100年前更為活躍，但現(xiàn)在仍有不少相信迷信的人，有老人也有年輕人。所有的迷信都有其根源，所謂無(wú)火不起煙。是誰(shuí)第一個(gè)認(rèn)為在屋里打傘會(huì)帶來厄運(yùn)？是誰(shuí)第一個(gè)走在梯子下而遭遇不幸

14、？是誰(shuí)把馬蹄鐵倒掛？是誰(shuí)打碎了鏡子？是誰(shuí)灑了鹽？是誰(shuí)第一個(gè)把13號(hào)星期五看成最倒霉的日子？16、17世紀(jì)時(shí)，人們的生活中充滿了碰運(yùn)氣的成分，每天的生活中心都在于揣測(cè)未來的禍福。宗教、疾病、火災(zāi)也許稱得上是米線的三大最基本得要素。盡管今天我們看事物的角度已經(jīng)不同，但是迷信作為一種傳統(tǒng)仍然流傳在我們中間。Unit8Millions of people around the world depend on the National Geographic Society for information. Each year, thousands of visitors tour the society

15、s Explorers Hall in central Washington, D.C. Exhibits and modern technology in this museum help them learn about the Earth and its environment.The National Geographic Society produces maps, books, and magazines that are popular among the world. It produces films and television shows. It makes comput

16、er programs and videos for schools. The societys Committee for Research and Exploration gives money to scientists working in subjects from archaeology to zoology.The National Geographic Society supports the teaching of geography the study of the Earth. It helps train teachers in geography. It offers

17、 computer users the latest information about the activities of researchers and explorers on its Internet website.Unit9當(dāng)人們提到女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)，通常有兩種反應(yīng)：一種認(rèn)為，女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)者不過是一群日子過得不順心的女人；另一種則認(rèn)為，女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)純粹是白人女性的事，與黑人女性無(wú)關(guān)。事實(shí)上，黑人女性所受到的剝削遠(yuǎn)比白人女性要深。所以的黑人女性有必要團(tuán)結(jié)起來，共同奮斗去爭(zhēng)取應(yīng)得的權(quán)利，諸如自主權(quán)、同工同酬權(quán)、自由墮胎權(quán)和孩子入托權(quán)。我們應(yīng)當(dāng)看到，黑人女性爭(zhēng)取解放的要求是全人類爭(zhēng)取自由權(quán)利的一部分。

18、黑種男人錯(cuò)誤的以為，白人資本家把一些職位和技術(shù)工作交給黑人女性，是為了羞辱他們?，F(xiàn)實(shí)情況是，人人就業(yè)無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)，而黑人女性正式低報(bào)酬和失業(yè)現(xiàn)象的最大受害者。Unit10Most full-time students at American universities must have health insurance. This is because health costs in the United States are high. Colleges are not able to pay the costs if students suffer serious accidents or s

19、ickness.Many American colleges have health centers where doctors and nurses treat students medical problems. This service may be included in the cost of attending college. Health insurance is usually needed for extra services.Students may already be protected under their parents health insurance pol

20、icies. If not, many colleges offer their own insurance plans.Students also can buy independent insurance policies from insurance companies. The details of such policies differ, depending on where the student lives. Usually, these policies pay for doctor visits, treatment of injuries and hospital cos

21、ts.All in all, people in the Unites States are responsible for their own medical costs. These can be extremely high in cases of serious illness or accidents. The purpose of health insurance is to make sure that these costs will be paid for.Unit11我母親早已不在人世，但她仍時(shí)時(shí)浮現(xiàn)在我心中，有時(shí)早晨天還未亮就把我喚醒?！拔易钭畈荒苋萑痰?，就是半途而廢的人

22、?！蔽乙簧粩嗦牭剿f這句話。此時(shí)此刻，我躺在床上，在黑暗中慢慢醒來，想重回夢(mèng)鄉(xiāng)而不愿直面嶄新的一天，我感覺到了她正怒氣沖沖地與我體內(nèi)那個(gè)沒有出息的懶漢奮力斗爭(zhēng)。我默默地抗議道：我已經(jīng)不是孩子了。我已經(jīng)小有成就，我有資格睡會(huì)兒懶覺。“羅素，你一點(diǎn)進(jìn)取心也沒有，和二流子簡(jiǎn)直沒什么兩樣?！睆奈疫€是個(gè)穿著短褲的孩提時(shí)代起，她就一直用這些話激勵(lì)我前進(jìn)：“你要混出個(gè)人樣來！”“不要半途而廢！”“要有點(diǎn)志氣，孩子?！盪nit12Study a Balance of the Four Key Skills Most students want to communicate better in English

23、. If this is one of your goals, it is important to study a balance of the four major skills. Listening, Speaking , reading and Writing are the main skills you need to communicate in any language. Being very good at only one of these skills will not help you much to communicate. For example, you need

24、 to be able to read well before you can write well. You also need to be in two groups : Input(listening and reading ) and output (speaking and writing).First you have input. Next you have output. First you listen to someone ask you a question. Second you give them your answer. First you read a lette

25、r from someone. After that you write back to them. However, input and output dont necessarily go in a specific order. Sometimes you speak first and then you listen. During communication, the person you are communicating with uses one of the opposite skills .Therefore, in order to understand each other , everyone must be skillful in all four areas.