《云南省2019年中考英語總復(fù)習(xí) 第3部分 云南題型復(fù)習(xí) 題型四 閱讀理解課件.ppt》由會員分享,可在線閱讀,更多相關(guān)《云南省2019年中考英語總復(fù)習(xí) 第3部分 云南題型復(fù)習(xí) 題型四 閱讀理解課件.ppt(21頁珍藏版)》請在裝配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。
1、云南題型四閱讀理解,一、閱讀理解“三步定位法”第一步看題干,定位題干關(guān)鍵詞。先看問題,找出題干中的關(guān)鍵詞,猜測文章大意。,第二步讀文章,一次定位找原文。帶著關(guān)鍵詞快速通讀全文,畫出與題干內(nèi)容相關(guān)的詞匯和句子,并在腦海中形成篇章結(jié)構(gòu)圖。第三步回看題,連線解讀定答案。細(xì)讀題干、選項,針對已畫出的原文內(nèi)容進(jìn)行二次定位,精準(zhǔn)連線,鎖定答案。,二、具體解題技巧1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題多從文章的某個具體事實或細(xì)節(jié)出發(fā)來設(shè)計題目,考查對文章具體事實和細(xì)節(jié)的理解能力,屬于表層理解題范疇,難度較小,但所占比例最大,一般占總分值的60%~85%。常見的設(shè)題方式有:用what,where,which,why,who,how等
2、疑問詞進(jìn)行提問;用accordingto...開頭,后接短文具體內(nèi)容;用,動賓結(jié)構(gòu)、介賓結(jié)構(gòu)或系表結(jié)構(gòu)等方式設(shè)題;以...because的提問方式設(shè)題等。解答這類題要學(xué)會以下技巧:(1)如果所提問題是文章中現(xiàn)成的內(nèi)容可直接搜尋;(2)細(xì)讀文章的第一段或前幾句,注意每段的開頭句和結(jié)尾句;(3)重視結(jié)尾段,作者一般會在結(jié)尾段作出總結(jié),表達(dá)自己的觀點。,例IgrewupinNewHampshire,asmalltowninSouthCanada,whereinmyfatherswordsfortheseasonswere“Spring,Summer,FairtimeandWinter!”Atthat
3、time,aweeklongfair(集市)washeldinthetowneveryautumn.Thousandsofpeoplefromothertownscametosellandbuythings.Itwasthebusiesttimeoftheyear.,Thousandsofpeoplecametothetowntoatthefair.A.enjoyGrandmasfoodB.sellandbuythingsC.learntocookD.haveabigparty【解析】B由本段第三句話可知,數(shù)千人來到小鎮(zhèn)是為了在集市上買賣東西,故選B。,2.推理判斷題一般來說主要有:對細(xì)節(jié)的推
4、理判斷;對某個問題或某一部分的觀點、態(tài)度的推理判斷;對作者在整篇文章中的態(tài)度、觀點和寫作意圖的推理判斷。常見的設(shè)題方式有:,(1)Thesentence/paragraph/passageinfersthat...;(2)Wecanlearnfromthesentence/paragraph/passagethat...;(3)Thesentence/paragraph/passageimpliesthat...;(4)Bysaying...,theauthormeans...;(5)Whatcanweinferfromthe...;(6)Attheendofthepassagethewrit
5、ersuggests...;(7)Fromthesecondexamplewecaninferthat...;(8)Itcanbeconcluded/inferredfromthepassagethat...,例Oneday,alittleboydecidedtodigaholebehindhishouseafterwatchingascienceprogram.Ashewasworking,acoupleofboysstoppedbytowatch.“Whatareyoudoing?”askedoneofthevisitors.“Iwanttodigadeepholeallthewaythr
6、oughtheearth!”theboyansweredexcitedly.Theolderboysbegantolaugh,tellinghimthatitwasimpossibletodoit.Thentheyleft.,Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheolderboysthinkthelittleboyis.A.sillyB.strictC.friendlyD.strongminded【解析】A由本段倒數(shù)第二句可知,那些年齡大一些的男孩嘲笑小男孩,說他不可能完成那件事,由此可推斷,他們覺得小男孩很愚蠢,故選A。,3.詞義猜測題該題型要求在充分理解文
7、章的基礎(chǔ)上,對某單詞或短語進(jìn)行合理猜測。做題時可結(jié)合構(gòu)詞法、語法及相關(guān)知識進(jìn)行猜測。,例Aserioussandstorm(沙塵暴)hashitBeijing,togetherwithfivetosevendegreestrongwind.AgreatyellowdustcloudenvelopedtheChinesecapitallastSunday.Whatdoes“enveloped”meaninthispassage?A.信封B.遮蓋C.刮走D.灰塵,【解析】B由前面可知,沙塵暴襲擊了北京,再結(jié)合句法可知envelop在此是一個動詞,排除A、D兩項;再結(jié)合生活常識可判斷,此處envel
8、op是表示“遮蓋”之意,故選B。,4.主旨大意題考查考生對短文整體的理解概括能力。常見的提問方式有:(1)Whatisthemainidea/subject/topicofthepassage?;(2)Theauthorismainlyconcernedwith...;(3)Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?;(4)Thepassageismainlyabout...;(5)Whichofthefollowingbeststatesthemainideaofthepassage?,解答該類題目時可注意以下幾點:(1)有標(biāo)題的文章,要從標(biāo)題開始閱讀,因為標(biāo)題常是文章
9、的主題;(2)注意段首和段尾,有些文章會在段首或段尾給出全文主旨;,(3)有些文章的中心思想貫穿全文,建議最后做此類題目,因為做完其他題目后,自然就會對文章主旨有一定的把握;(4)留心關(guān)鍵詞,抓住文章主旨,關(guān)鍵詞即文中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的、與主題有關(guān)的名詞或動詞。,例Schoolswillgoelectronic.Computerswillbeimportantandpopularamongthestudents.Everythingwillbeinthecomputerandstudentswillnotneedtobringbookstoschool.Theywillfindinformationo
10、ntheInternet.Acomputerwillbethestudentslibrary,schoolbagandconnectiontotheoutsideworld.Therewillberobotteachers.Theywillcheckhomeworkoncomputersandcommunicatewiththestudentsparentsthroughemail.,Whatsthemainideaofthispassage?A.Schoolswillgoelectronic.B.Computerswillbeimportant.C.Therewillberobotteach
11、ers.D.Teacherswillcommunicatewiththestudentsparentsthroughemail.【解析】A第一句為中心句,后面是對其擴展和論述,故選A。,5.?dāng)?shù)字推算題要求學(xué)生根據(jù)提供的數(shù)據(jù)以及內(nèi)在關(guān)系做出簡單的計算和推斷。例IwonaprizeforoneofmypaintingswhenIwasfourteen.ThatmaybewhyIwenttoartschoolfouryearslater...WhenIleftschool,Igotsomemoney.Ihopetobecomeafulltimepainter.,Whenfinishingschoolstudies,thewriterwasabout.A.14B.16C.18D.21【解析】D作者14歲因繪畫獲獎,18歲進(jìn)入美術(shù)學(xué)校,畢業(yè)時一定在18歲以上,故選D。,