《2014高考英語(yǔ) 文章閱讀類 2013暑假練習(xí)題（20）》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《2014高考英語(yǔ) 文章閱讀類 2013暑假練習(xí)題（20）（8頁(yè)珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、 2014高考英語(yǔ)文章閱讀類：2013暑假練習(xí)題（20）及答案解析 A It is easy for us to tell our friends from our enemies. But can other animals do the same? Elephants can! They can use their sense of vision and smell to tell the difference between people who pose a threat and those who do not. In Kenya, researchers found

2、that elephants react differently to clothing worn by men of the Maasai and Kamba ethnic groups. Young Maasai men spear animals and thus pose a threat to elephants; Kamba men are mainly farmers and are not a danger to elephants. In an experiment conducted by animal scientists, elephants were first p

3、resented with clean clothing or clothing that had been worn for five days by either a Maasai or a Kamba man. When the elephants detected the smell of clothing worn by a Maasai man, they moved away from the smell faster and took longer to relax than when they detected the smells of either clothing wo

4、rn by Kamba men or clothing that had not been worn at all. Garment color also plays a role, though in a different way. In the same study, when the elephants saw red clothing not worn before, they reacted angrily, as red is typically worn by Maasai men. Rather than running away as they did with the

5、 smell, the elephants acted aggressively toward the red clothing. The researchers believe that the elephants’ emotional reactions are due to their different interpretations of the smells and the sights. Smelling a potential danger means that a threat is nearby and the best thing to do is run away a

6、nd hide. Seeing a potential threat without its smell means that risk is low. Therefore, instead of showing fear and running away, the elephants express their anger and become aggressive. 41. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true about Kamba and Maasai people? A. Maas

7、ai people are a threat to elephants. B. Kamba people raise elephants for farming. C. Both Kamba and Maasai people are elephant hunters. D. Both Kamba and Maasai people traditionally wear red clothing. 42. How did the elephants react to smell in the study? A. They attacked a man with the s

8、mell of new clothing. B. They needed time to relax when smelling something unfamiliar. C. They became anxious when they smelled Kamba-scented clothing. D. They were frightened and ran away when they smelled their enemies. 43. What is the main idea of this passage? A. Elephants use sight and

9、 smell to detect danger. B. Elephants attack people who wear red clothing. C. Scientists are now able to control elephants’ emotions. D. Some Kenyan tribes understand elephants’ emotions very well. 參考答案41~43、 ADA **********************************************************結(jié)束

10、 B The common cold is the world’s most widespread illness, which is probably why there are more myths(神話，想象) about it than any of the other illnesses. The most widespread mistake of all is that colds are caused by cold．They are not．They are caused by viruses passing on fro

11、m person to person．You catch a cold by coming into contact, directly or indirectly, with someone who already has one．If cold causes colds, it would be reasonable to expect the Eskimos to suffer from them forever．But they do not．And in isolated Arctic regions explorers have reported being free from c

12、olds until coming into contact again with infected(感染的) people from the outside world by way of packages and mail dropped from airplanes． At the Common Cold Research Unit in England, volunteers took part in Experiments in which they gave themselves to the discomforts of being cold and wet for lon

13、g stretches of time．After taking hot baths, they put on bathing suits, allowed themselves to be doused(浸入) with cold water, and then stood about dripping（滴干） wet in drafty（通風(fēng)的） rooms．Some wore wet socks all day while others exercised in the rain until close to exhaustion．Not one of the volunteers ca

14、me down with a cold unless a cold virus was actually dropped in his nose． If cold and wet have nothing to do with catching colds, why are they more frequent in the winter? In spite of the most painstaking research, no one has yet found the answer．One explanation offered by scientists is that peop

15、le tend to stay together indoors more in cold weather than at other times, and this makes it easier for cold viruses to be passed on． No one has yet found a cure for the cold．There are drugs and pain suppressors such as aspirin, but all they do is to relieve the symptoms． 44．The fact that the E

16、skimos don’t suffer colds shows that . A．colds are really full of myths B．viruses are the factors causing colds C．colds are more severe than other illnesses D．the idea that cold leads to colds doesn’t stand up 45．The experiments mentioned in Paragraph 3 made it clear that

17、 . A．being doused with cold water did harm to one’s body B．taking hot baths made the volunteers easy to be tired C．it was viruses not wet and cold that made people have colds D．people who would like to exercise in the rain got colds more easily 46．According to the passage, colds are commo

18、nly seen in winter because . A．there is great difference between indoor and outdoor temperature B．viruses can go into people’s warm bodies more easily in winter C．staying together indoors makes it easier for viruses to pass on D．people are usually weak because of the extreme cold in win

19、ter 47．What does the passage mainly discuss? A．The reason and the way people catch colds. B．The continued spread of colds. C．The experiments on colds. D．The myths about colds. 參考答案 44—47、DCCA **************************************************************結(jié)束 第二節(jié)： 書面表達(dá)（滿分30分） 根據(jù)下面

20、的漫畫，聯(lián)系生活實(shí)際，寫一篇120—150詞左右的英語(yǔ)短文。 參考答案及評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 第二節(jié)（30分） Possible version： In the cartoon，the man enjoys being clever and wishes to do a great job．However，regretfully，he is firmly fastened to his original position by the nature of laziness and certainly achieves nothing． In fact，you Can

21、see many such examples in life．Just as the old saying goes，diligence leads to success while laziness results in failure．Every task requires hard work，from learning English to building a house．Some of my classmates ale definitely clever，and they have a strong desire to go to a famous university，bu

22、t unfortunately，they ate wasting time talking Or playing．And consequently，they end in failure． Therefore，in my opinion，diligence plays a very important role in life．Only by working hard and practicing a lot、are we able to overcome difficulties and achieve our goals．No one can succeed just by t

23、hinking without any actions． 書面表達(dá)評(píng)分原則 1. 本題總分為30分，按5檔次給分。 2. 評(píng)分時(shí)，先根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容和語(yǔ)言初步確定其所屬檔次，然后以該檔次的要求來(lái)衡量，確定或調(diào)整檔次，最后給分。 3. 詞數(shù)少于100，從總分中減去2分。 4. 評(píng)分時(shí)，應(yīng)注意的主要內(nèi)容為：內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)、應(yīng)用詞匯和語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的數(shù)量和準(zhǔn)確性及上下文的連貫性。 5. 拼寫與標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)是語(yǔ)言準(zhǔn)確性的一個(gè)方面，評(píng)分時(shí)，應(yīng)視其對(duì)交際的影響程度予以考慮。英、美拼寫及詞匯用法均可授受。 6. 如書寫較差，以至影響交際，將分?jǐn)?shù)降低一個(gè)檔次。 各檔次的給分范圍和要求 第五檔 （26～3

24、0） 完全完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。 ·覆蓋所有內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)。 ·應(yīng)用了較多的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯。 ·語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面有些錯(cuò)誤，但為盡力使用較復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)或較高級(jí)詞匯所致；具備較強(qiáng)的語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力。 ·有效地使用了語(yǔ)句間的連接成分，使全文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。完成達(dá)到了預(yù)期的寫作目的。 第四檔 （21～25） 完全完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。 ·雖漏掉1、2個(gè)次重，但覆蓋所有主要內(nèi)容。 ·應(yīng)用的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯能滿足任務(wù)的要求。 ·語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面用基本準(zhǔn)確，些許錯(cuò)誤主要是因嘗試較復(fù)雜語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯所致。 ·應(yīng)用簡(jiǎn)單的語(yǔ)句間連接成分，使全文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。 達(dá)到了預(yù)期的寫作目的。 第三檔 （16～20）

25、 基本完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。 ·雖漏掉一些內(nèi)容，但覆蓋主要內(nèi)容。 ·應(yīng)用的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯能滿足任務(wù)的要求。 ·有一些語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面的錯(cuò)誤，但不影響理解。 ·應(yīng)用簡(jiǎn)單的語(yǔ)句間連接成分，使全文內(nèi)容連貫。 整體而言，基本達(dá)到了預(yù)期的寫作目的。 第二檔 （11～15） 未恰當(dāng)完成試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。 ·漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要內(nèi)容，寫了一些無(wú)關(guān)的內(nèi)容。 ·語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)單調(diào)，詞匯項(xiàng)目有限。 ·有一些語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面的錯(cuò)誤，影響了對(duì)寫作內(nèi)容的理解。 ·較少使用語(yǔ)句間的連接成分，內(nèi)容缺少連貫性。 信息未能清楚地傳達(dá)給讀者。 第一檔 （6～10） 未完成試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。 ·明

26、顯遺漏主要內(nèi)容，寫了一些無(wú)關(guān)內(nèi)容，原因可能是未理解試題要求。 ·語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)單調(diào)，詞匯項(xiàng)目有限。 ·較多語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面的錯(cuò)誤，影響對(duì)寫作內(nèi)容的理解。 ·缺乏語(yǔ)句間的連接成分，內(nèi)容不連貫。 信息未能傳達(dá)給讀者。 （0～5） 未能傳達(dá)給讀者任何信息：內(nèi)容太少，無(wú)法評(píng)判；寫的內(nèi)容均與所要求內(nèi)容無(wú)關(guān)或所寫內(nèi)容無(wú)法看清。 第II卷 非選擇題部分（共40分） 第三部分：寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）() 第一節(jié)：短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分） 下面短文中共有10處錯(cuò)誤，錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改 增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏詞符號(hào)（∧），并在此符號(hào)下面寫出

27、該加的詞。 刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。 修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。 注意：1．每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞； 2．只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分 The students of class 3 had a discussion about if it is necessary to start learning English from childhood. Some of them think that English learning should st

28、art childhood .As little boys and girls had a good memory, they can learn a lot of English words by the heart .This will help them laid a solid foundation for their future English learning. But other do not agree. Young child have to learn Chinese pinyin at school . If they study Chinese

29、 pinyin and English at the same time , it will be very easily for them to mix it up. This will do a lot of harm not only to their Chinese learning but also to their future English learning. In short, the students have not arrived in any agreement yet.

30、 第二節(jié)：書面表達(dá)（滿分30分） （選自2005年重慶卷） 畢業(yè)前夕，你班決定給李老師送一份禮物，大家提出兩條建議： (1)送影集(album)，里面有每個(gè)同學(xué)的照片； (2)送磁帶，錄有每個(gè)同學(xué)對(duì)老師的祝福。 請(qǐng)以An Album or a Tape 為題，用英語(yǔ)寫一篇短文。首先簡(jiǎn)述以上兩條建議，然后表明你同意其中哪一條，并說(shuō)明理由。 1. 短文必須以第一人稱書寫。 2. 詞數(shù)：100詞左右。 —————————————————————————— 參考答案及評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

31、 第II卷 第二節(jié)：書面表達(dá) （30分） One possible version: We are leaving school and we decide to give a gift to Mr Li who has taught us for three years. Two suggestions have been provided by our classmates. One is that we may give him an album with photos of all the students in our class. The other suggesti

32、on is that a tape in which our best wishes are recorded should be given to him. In my opinion, we had better buy a album for Mr Li. First, an album is easier to be kept than a tape. A tape may be easily destroyed a few years later and does not work. Second, I think, the photos in the album can eas

33、ily remind Mr Li of his lovely students and the good days when he got together with us. Third, voice may be changed a lot after many years as to us young students, while faces do not have such great changes. In a word, I suggest .we take photos in time and present them in the album to Mr Li. 1.本

34、題總分為30分，按5個(gè)檔次給分。 2.評(píng)分時(shí)，先根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容和語(yǔ)言初步確定其所屬檔次，然后以該檔次的要求來(lái)衡量，確定或調(diào)整檔次，最后給分。 3.詞數(shù)少于 80和多于 130的，從總分中減去2分。 4.評(píng)分時(shí)，應(yīng)注意的主要內(nèi)容為：內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)、應(yīng)用詞匯和語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的數(shù)量和準(zhǔn)確性、上下文的連貫性及語(yǔ)言的得體性。 5.拼寫與標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)是語(yǔ)言準(zhǔn)確性的一個(gè)方面，評(píng)分時(shí)，應(yīng)視其對(duì)交際的影響程度予以考慮。英、美拼寫漢詞匯用法均可接受。 6.如書寫較差，以至影響內(nèi)容，將分?jǐn)?shù)降低一個(gè)檔次。 7.內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)可用不同方式表達(dá)，對(duì)緊扣主題的適當(dāng)發(fā)揮不予扣分。 【各檔次的給分范圍和要求】 第五檔(很好)：（25

35、-30分）1.完全完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。2.覆蓋所有內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)。3.應(yīng)用了較多的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯。4.語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面有些許錯(cuò)誤，但為盡力使用較復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)或較高級(jí)詞匯所致；具備較強(qiáng)的語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力。5.有效地使用了語(yǔ)句間的連接成分，使全文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。6.完全達(dá)到了預(yù)期的寫作目的。 第四檔(好)：（19-24分）1.完全完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。2.雖漏掉1、2個(gè)次重點(diǎn)，但覆蓋所有主要內(nèi)容。3.應(yīng)用的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯能滿足任務(wù)的要求。4.語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面應(yīng)用基本準(zhǔn)確，些許錯(cuò)誤主要是因嘗試較復(fù)雜語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯所致。5.應(yīng)用簡(jiǎn)單的語(yǔ)句間的連接成分，使全文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。6.達(dá)到了預(yù)期的寫作目的。 第三檔(適當(dāng))：

36、（13-18分）1.基本完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。2.雖漏掉一些內(nèi)容，但覆蓋所有主要內(nèi)容。3.應(yīng)用的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯能滿足任務(wù)的要求。4.有一些語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面的錯(cuò)誤，但不影響理解。5.應(yīng)用簡(jiǎn)單的語(yǔ)句間的連接成分，使全文內(nèi)容連貫。6.整體而言，基本達(dá)到了預(yù)期的寫作目的。 第二檔(較差)：(7-12分）1.未恰當(dāng)完成試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。2.漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要內(nèi)容，寫了一些無(wú)關(guān)內(nèi)容。3.語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)單調(diào)、詞匯項(xiàng)目有限。4.有一些語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面的錯(cuò)誤，影響了對(duì)寫作內(nèi)容的理解。5.較少使用語(yǔ)句間的連接成分，內(nèi)容缺少連貫性。6.信息未能清楚地傳達(dá)給讀者。? 第一檔(差)：（1-6分）1.未完成試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。2.明顯遺漏主要內(nèi)容，寫了一些無(wú)關(guān)內(nèi)容，原因可能是未理解試題要求。3.語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)單調(diào)、詞匯項(xiàng)目有限。4.較多語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面的錯(cuò)誤，影響對(duì)寫作內(nèi)容的理解。5.缺乏語(yǔ)句間的連接成分，內(nèi)容不連貫。6.信息未能傳達(dá)給讀者。 - 8 -