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1、2014高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解：2013暑假練習(xí)題（19）及答案解析 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。 A Honesty may well be the policy, but it often deserts us when no one is watching, psychologists report today. Experiments with an honesty box to collect payments for hot drinks show that people are better at paying

2、up when under the gaze(注視) of a pair of eyes. The surprise was that the eyes were not real, but photographed. Researchers at Newcastle University set up the experiment in secret. They attached a poster to a cupboard of mugs above an-honesty box alongside a kettle ,with tea, coffee and milk. Over 10

3、 weeks, they alternated each week between images of eyes and pictures of flowers. Dr. Bateson, a behavioral biologist and leader of the study, said that even though the eyes were not real they still seemed to make people behave more honestly. They effect may arise from behavioral characteristics th

4、at developed as early humans formed social groups that increased their chances of survival. Individuals had to co-operate for the good of the group, rather than act selfishly. "If nobody is watching us it is in our interests to behave selfishly. But when we think we're being watched we should behav

5、e better, so people see us as co-operative and behave the same way towards us, "Dr. Bateson said. "We thought we'd get a slight effect with eyes, but it was quite striking how much difference they made. Even at a subconscious(潛意識(shí)的) level, it seems people respond to eyes, and that might be because e

6、yes send a strong biological signal we have evolved(進(jìn)化) to respond to." The finding, which researchers believe sheds light on our evolutionary past, could be turned to practical use. The psychologists say images of eyes could promote ticket sales on public transport and improve monitor systems to p

7、revent antisocial behavior. 41. This passage is mainly about _______________. A. the policy of honesty B. an honesty box to collect money C. evolution on honesty D. an experiment on honesty 42. The reason for doing the experiment secretly is that the researchers ___________

8、__. A. wanted to get a comparatively more exact result B. had known they wanted to do something illegally C. meant to get the co-operation of their colleagues D. intended to sell the hot drinks at a higher price 43. People behave honestly under watchful gaze of eyes because _____________. A. t

9、hey want to leave a good impression B. they fear to be laughed at by others C. they've got the nature through evolution D. they take the photo for a real pair of eyes 44. The underlined phrase" sheds light on" in the last paragraph means _____. A. causes somebody to become cheerful B. ma

10、kes something easier to understand C. comes upon something by accident D. brings something into the broad daylight 參考答案----------41.D 42.A 43.C 44.B *****************************************************結(jié)束 B BEIJING, Feb. 10 (Xinhua) -- China's economic planning agency Thursday

11、announced a rise in minimum rice purchase prices this year to encourage farmers to grow more grain. A statement on the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) website said the government would continue the policy of minimum purchase prices in major rice-growing regions in 2011. The ris

12、es in the minimum rice purchase price had been approved by the State Council, China's Cabinet, said the statement. The purchase prices for japonica rice will rise 21.9 percent to 128 yuan (19.4 U.S. dollars) per 50 kilograms, while prices for early and middle-late rice will increase 9.7 percent an

13、d 10.3 percent to 102 yuan and 107 yuan per 50 kg respectively. Rice and wheat are two major grain crops in China. The State Council pledged Wednesday to step up efforts to boost grain production as drought continues to wreak havoc in north China's wheat growing regions. China's main wheat-gro

14、wing regions, including Shandong, Henan, Hebei, Anhui, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu and Jiangsu provinces, have been plagued by drought since October last year. Drought has affected about 7.73 million hectares, or 42.4 percent, of the total winter wheat crop area in the country's eight key producing pro

15、vinces, the Ministry of Agriculture said Wednesday. China's grain output rose 2.9 percent last year to 546.41 million tons, marking the seventh consecutive year of growth. 45. When was this news probably written? A. In 2011 B. In 2010 C. In February,2011 D. On Wednesday, 2011 46. Wha

16、t is the purchase price for japonica rice before it wise according to the passage? A.105 yuan per 50 kilograms B. 128 yuan per 50 kilograms C. 102 yuan per 50 kilograms D. 107 yuan per 50 kilograms 47. What is the meaning of the underlined word in the fourth paragraph? A. completely

17、B. honorably C. separately D. exactly 48. Which of the following sentences is true according to the passage. A. A raised purchase price will encourage farmers to grow more rice. B. The plan hasn’t been approved by the State Council, China's Cabinet. C. Drought continues to hit the wheat grow

18、ing regions in the north of China. D. There are 8 grain producing provinces affected by the drought. 49. Which may be the headline of this news? A. China’s minimum rice purchase prices raised to boost production B. A Steady rice purchase prices to ensure rice production C. The Chinese governmen

19、t pays more attention on rice production D. China’s grain output steadily increases 45.C 46.A 47.C 48.A 49.A ***********************************************************結(jié)束 C “Everything happens for the best,” my mother said whenever I faced disappointment. “If you carry on, one

20、day something good will happen. And you’ll realize that it wouldn’t have happened if not for that previous disappointment.” ? Mother was right, as I discovered after graduating from college in 1932, I had decided to try for a job in radio, then work my way up to a sports announcer. I hitchhiked

21、to Chicago and knocked on the door of every station—and got turned down every time. In one studio, a kind lady told me that big stations couldn’t risk hiring an inexperienced person. “Go out in the sticks and find a small station that’ll give you a chance,” she said. I thumbed home to Dixon, Illinoi

22、s. While there were no radio-announcing jobs in Dixon, my father said Montgomery Ward had opened a store and wanted a local athlete to manage its sports department. Since Dixon was where I had played high school football, I applied. The job sounded just right for me. But I wasn’t hired. My disa

23、ppointment must have shown. “Everything happens for the best.” Mom reminded me. Dad offered me the car to hunt a job. I tried WOC Radio in Davenport, Iowa. The program director, a wonderful Scotsman named Peter MacArthur told me they had already hired an announcer. As I left his office, my frus

24、tration (挫折) boiled over. I asked aloud, “How can a fellow get to be a sports announcer if he can’t get a job in a radio station?” I was waiting for the elevator when I heard MacArthur calling, “What was you said about sports? Do you know anything about football?” Then he stood me before a microphon

25、e and asked me to broadcast an imaginary game. The preceding (在前的) autumn, my team had won a game in the last 20 seconds with a 65-yard run. I did a 15-minute build-up to that play, and Peter told me I would be broadcasting Saturday’s game! On my way home, as I have many times since, I thought of my

26、 mother’s words: “If you carry on, one day something good will happen. Something wouldn’t have happened if not for that previous disappointment.” I often wonder what direction my life might have taken if I’d gotten the job at Montgomery Ward. 50.?The writer shows his _____ by saying “… if I’d

27、not gotten the job at Montgomery Ward”. ?A. regret ? ?B. happiness? ?C. gratefulness ?D. disappointment 51.?The underlined phrase “out in the sticks” probably means _____? A. in radio stations?????B. in the country? C. in big cities????? ?D. in Dixon, Illinois 52.?Why did the w

28、riter mention his mother’s words over and again? Because _____. ?A. it was his mother’s words that encouraged him ?B. his mother was a person who talked a lot ?C. nothing good has happened to him up to now ? D. he got turned down every time he tried 53.?Which of the following stateme

29、nts is true according to the passage? ?A. There was a small radio station in Dixon, Illinois. ?B. Peter MacArthur was a program director in Scotland. Ks*5u ?C. WOC Radio in Davenport broadcast imaginary games. ?D. Montgomery Ward had a store with a sports department. 54.?When did th

30、e writer decide to take a radio-announcing job? ?A. When he hitchhiked to Chicago.? ?B. After he graduated from college. ?C. Before he graduated from college.??D. As soon as he was turned down. 參考答案--------------50.C 51.B 52.A 53.D 54.C *****************************************

31、*************結(jié)束 D ROME: The legend of Leonardo da Vinci is covered in mystery: How did he die? Are the remains buried in a French castle really those of the master? Was the "Mona Lisa" a self-portrait in disguise (偽裝)? A group of Italian scientists believe the key to solving those puzzles

32、lies with the remains, and they say they are seeking permission to dig up the body to conduct carbon and DNA testing. If the skull is undamaged, the scientists can go to the heart of a question that has fascinated scholars and the public for centuries: the identity of the "Mona Lisa." Recreating a

33、virtual and then physical reconstruction of Leonardo's face, they can compare it with the smiling face in the painting. "We don't know what we'll find if the tomb is opened. We could even just find grains and dust," says Giorgio Gruppioni, an anthropologist who is participating in the project. "

34、But if the remains are well kept, they are a biological record of events in a person's life, and sometimes in their death." Silvano Vinceti, the leader of the group, said that he plans to press his case with the French officials in charge of the said burial site at Amboise Castle early next week.

35、 Leonardo moved to France at the invitation of King Francis I, who named him "first painter to the king." He spent the last three years of his life there, and died in 1519 at age 67. The artist's original burial place, the palace church of Saint Florentine, was destroyed during the French Revolutio

36、n and remains that are believed to be his were eventually reburied in the Saint-Hubert Chapel near the castle. "The Amboise tomb is a symbolic tomb; it's a big question mark," said Alessandro Vezzosi, the director of a museum dedicated to Leonardo in his hometown of Vinci. Vezzosi said that inve

37、stigating the tomb could help identify the artist's bones with certainty and solve other questions, such as the cause of his death. He said he asked to open the tomb in 2004 to study the remains, but the Amboise Castle turned him down. The group of 100 experts involved in the project, called the

38、 National Committee for Historical and Artistic Heritage, was created in 2003 with the aim of "solving the great mysteries of the past," said Vinceti, who has written books on art and literature. Arguably the world's most famous painting, the "Mona Lisa" hangs in the Louvre in Paris, where it dr

39、ew some 8.5 million visitors last year. Mystery has surrounded the identity of the painting's subject for centuries, with opinions ranging from the wife of a Florentine merchant to Leonardo's own mother. That Leonardo intended the "Mona Lisa" as a self-portrait in disguise is a possibility that

40、 has interested and divided scholars. Theories have existed: Some think that Leonardo's taste for tricks and riddles might have led him to hide his own identity behind that puzzling smile; others have guessed that the painting hid an androgynous lover. If granted access to the grave site, the It

41、alian experts plan to use a tiny camera and radar to confirm the presence of bones. The scientists would then exhume (挖掘) the remains and attempt to date the bones with carbon testing. At the heart of the proposed study is the effort to discover whether the remains are actually Leonardo's, inclu

42、ding with DNA testing. Vezzosi questions the DNA comparison, saying he is unaware of any direct descendants (后代) of Leonardo or of tombs that could be attributed with certainty to the artist's close relatives. Gruppioni said that DNA from the bones could also eventually be compared to DNA f

43、ound elsewhere. For example, Leonardo is thought to have rubbed colors on the canvas with his thumb, possibly using saliva (唾液), meaning DNA might be found on his paintings. Even in the absence of DNA testing, other tests could provide useful information, including whether the bones belonged to

44、a man or a woman, and whether the person died young or old. Even within the committee, experts are divided over the identity of the "Mona Lisa." Vinceti believes that a tradition of considering the self-portrait to be not just a faithful imitation of one's features but a representation of one'

45、s spiritual identity may have resonated (共鳴) with Leonardo. Vezzosi, the museum director, dismissed as "baseless and senseless" the idea that the "Mona Lisa" could be a self-portrait of Leonardo. He said most researchers believe the woman may have been either a wife of the artist's sponsor, the

46、Florentine nobleman Giuliano de Medici, or Lisa Gherardini, the wife of a rich silk merchant, Francesco del Giocondo. The traditional view is that the name "Mona Lisa" comes from the silk merchant's wife, as well as its Italian name: "La Gioconda."?? 55.?Where is this passage most probably taken f

47、rom? ?A. A magazine. ?B. A newspaper.? C. A textbook.?? D. A research report. 56.?Why does the author ask a couple of questions in the beginning? ?A. To arouse the interest of readers. ?B. To puzzle Italian scientists. ?C. To answer the questions himself. ?D. To make fun of French officia

48、ls. 57.?The best title of this story might be “_____”. ? A. What Is the Purpose of an Investigation?? ? B. How Did Leonardo da Vinci Die in France? ? C. Are the Remains Really Those of the Master? ?D. Did Leonardo Paint Himself as 'Mona Lisa'? 58.?The sentence “he plans to press his c

49、ase with the French officials” (underlined in Paragraph 4) suggests that Vinceti intends to _____. ?A. press the French officials to participate in their project ?B. urge the French officials to open the tomb early next week ?C. persuade the French officials to allow opening the tomb ?D. rec

50、ord events in a person’s life with the French officials 59.?Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? ? A. Scholars have the same opinion on DNA testing. ? B. Scientists doubt if the remains are those of da Vinci. ? C. The identity of “Mona Lisa” has already been

51、proved. ? D. Alessandro Vezzosi got permission to open the tomb. 60.?We can infer from the last two paragraphs that _____? ? A. “Mona Lisa” is the name of the wife of a silk merchant ? B. the “Mona Lisa” is a self-portrait of Leonardo da Vinci ? C. experts divided the committee into sev

52、eral groups ?D. opinions differ of the identity of the “Mona Lisa” （閱讀理解題材廣泛、體裁多樣。從題材上看，包括人物介紹、生活習(xí)俗、幽默故事、社會(huì)政治、文化教育、科普知識(shí)、國(guó)內(nèi)外新聞等；從體裁上看，包括記敘文、說(shuō)明文、議論文、新聞報(bào)道、書信廣告等。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，高考中考查記敘文和說(shuō)明文要多一些。越來(lái)越注重語(yǔ)言材料的真實(shí)性和原汁原味。語(yǔ)言材料為英美原文，源于現(xiàn)實(shí)生活、緊貼時(shí)代。根據(jù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)英語(yǔ)文章改編。） 語(yǔ)參考答案及評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 55.B 56.A 57.D 58.C 59.B 60.D **********************************************************結(jié)束