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1、組合練(二十七)　閱讀理解＋閱讀七選五 Ⅰ．閱讀理解 A (2021·武漢畢業(yè)班學(xué)習(xí)質(zhì)量檢測(cè))Have you ever experienced any inconvenience caused by language barriers while travelling? Have you ever thought how awesome those language courses would be if they didn't cost so much money and require so much time? Translaty is created to serve thi

2、s purpose—without wasting your money and time on language courses, you can instantly become “fluent” in more than 40 languages with this genius device! What is Translaty? Translaty is a simple yet life－changing invention that helps you to overcome any obstacles caused by foreign languages, whether

3、 you're in a business meeting with an international client or sunbathing somewhere on a Spanish beach． This small but ingenious device is able to instantly recognize and translate over 40 different languages, making intercultural communication completely effortless! What languages can I actually co

4、mmunicate in? Translaty has more than 40 languages pre－installed, so you're able to use it the minute you get it! It provides fast and accurate two－way communication and allows you to install some other languages that you might be missing． What makes Translaty so special? *Makes travelling easier

5、—forget language barriers and become “fluent” in more than 40 languages． * Helps in business—strengthening your international business relationships． It's easy when you speak the same language． *Assists in daily life—allowing you to overcome language differences with your foreign friends． *Conven

6、ient and easy to use—lightweight and simple design ensures it's there when you need it the most． *Offers 100% accurate, two－way translations． *High sound and recording quality ensure there are no misunderstandings． To sum up—get it while you can! [語篇解讀]　本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章向讀者介紹了一種小而精巧、質(zhì)量可靠且能夠解決跨文化交際中出現(xiàn)的

7、語言障礙的翻譯設(shè)備。 1．Translaty can help users ． A．better understand foreigners B．learn foreign languages well C．spend less in learning a language D．build relationships with colleagues 解析：推理判斷題。由What is Translaty？部分最后一句可知，這種小而精巧的設(shè)備能即時(shí)識(shí)別并翻譯40多種不同的語言，它可以讓跨文化交際變得毫不費(fèi)力！故由此推斷，Translaty可以幫助用戶更好地了解外國

8、人。故選A。 答案：A 2．What is special about Translaty? A．It's secure．　　　　　 B．It's strong． C．It's reliable． D．It's affordable． 解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)What makes Translaty so special？部分中的“Offers 100% accurate, two－way translations．”及“High sound and recording quality ensure there are no misunderstandings．”可知，Transla

9、ty所提供的翻譯正確率達(dá)到100%，品質(zhì)非常高，不會(huì)造成誤解。由此可推知，Translaty的特別之處在于它非常可靠。故選C。 答案：C 3．What's the purpose of the passage? A．To report． B．To advertise． C．To appeal． D．To reply． 解析：寫作意圖題。該題問的是本文的寫作目的是什么。通讀全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要向讀者介紹了一種小而精巧、質(zhì)量可靠、能夠解決跨文化交際中出現(xiàn)的語言障礙的翻譯設(shè)備。由此可推知，本文主要是在為這種翻譯設(shè)備做廣告，來讓讀者購買。故選B。 答案：B B Many Beij

10、ing residents go to great lengths to avoid breathing the city's smoggy air, especially when it reaches critical pollution levels, but one local firm decided that canning (罐裝) and selling this poor quality air as a souvenir (紀(jì)念品) would be a great idea． Believe it or not, he was right． After seeing a

11、 number of companies achieve commercial success by canning fresh air from countries like France, Canada or Australia and selling it in China, Dominic Johnson－Hill, a British－born citizen of Beijing and owner of the Plastered 8 souvenir shop, decided to turn the idea on its head and sell canned Beiji

12、ng air throughout China and abroad． “I'd seen people going crazy to buy canned air from Canada and Australia, so I thought it was time to push business the other way，” the entrepreneur said．“They're perfect gifts! What else are you going to take home when you go home from Beijing? A roast duck? A P

13、lastered T－shirt? These cans are light, portable． You can just imagine someone's face when they unwrap (打開) it for Christmas．” The few mouth－fulls of Beijing air come in standard tin cans featuring a couple of city landmarks as well as a bitter description of the contents: “a unique mix of nitrogen

14、 (氮?dú)?, oxygen and some other stuff ”． The ironic (諷刺的) souvenirs cost 28 RMB ($4) and are available at the Plastered 8 shop, as well as on its online shop． But if you're actually considering buying some, you'd better ask shop in advance, as they are virtually flying off the shelves． Johnson－Hill

15、said that his shop is selling hundreds of Beijing air cans every day． Personally, the well－sold can probably is an awakening for the public to be concerned about the living conditions． Yet one thing that's not particularly clear is whether the air is really collected from Beijing, as the cans are l

16、abeled as “Made in Shenzhen”． There's a big chance that's just a kind of Plastered 8 humor, as they also list “Choking Hazard” and “May have unidentified objects inside．” as warnings． Anyway, it is probably a unique way to arouse public awareness of protecting the environment． [語篇解讀]　本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章介

17、紹了Dominic Johnson－Hill在中國和海外銷售罐裝北京空氣，人們對(duì)此看法不一，但作者認(rèn)為無論如何，這可能是喚起公眾保護(hù)環(huán)境意識(shí)的一種獨(dú)特方式。 4．What contributes to Dominic's idea of canning and selling the poor quality air? A．Try to get used to it． B．Sell it all over the world． C．Can it as a souvenir． D．Try to push business the other way． 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的

18、“‘I'd seen people going crazy to buy canned air from Canada and Australia, so I thought it was time to push business the other way，’ the entrepreneur said．”可知，努力把生意推向另一個(gè)方向使Dominic產(chǎn)生了制作和銷售劣質(zhì)空氣的想法。 答案：D 5．How may one feel when receiving canned Beijing air for Christmas? A．Satisfied． B．Surprised．

19、C．Frightened． D．Refreshed． 解析：推理判斷題。由第三段中的“These cans are light, portable． You can just imagine someone's face when they unwrap it for Christmas．”可知，你可以想象某人在圣誕節(jié)打開易拉罐時(shí)的表情；圣誕禮物一般都是美好的，而一個(gè)人收到北京罐裝空氣作為圣誕禮物一定會(huì)感到很吃驚。 答案：B 6．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “stuff” in paragraph 4?

20、 A．liquids B．objects C．minerals D．risks 解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。由第四段第一句可知，罐裝的北京空氣中含有氮、氧和一些其他物質(zhì)，and表并列，所以stuff是和氮、氧類似的物質(zhì)，由此可知，畫線詞詞義為“物質(zhì)”。 答案：B 7．What can we infer from the passage? A．The canned Beijing air may harm people who buy it． B．The Plastered 8 souvenir shop is famous for its humour． C．People should

21、 make efforts to protect the environment． D．Dominic Johnson－Hill likes the poor quality air in Beijing． 解析：推理判斷題。由最后一段中“Anyway, it is probably a unique way to arouse public awareness of protecting the environment．”可知，無論如何，這可能是喚起公眾保護(hù)環(huán)境的意識(shí)的一種獨(dú)特方式，由此可知，人們應(yīng)該努力保護(hù)環(huán)境。 答案：C C (2021·山東六市聯(lián)合測(cè)試)In a new st

22、udy, researchers analyzed information from more than 18，000 people who provided blood samples． Participants reported whether they exercised regularly, and if so, what type of exercises they typically did． The researchers then scanned participants' blood, looking for genes that are tied to an increas

23、ed risk of obesity (肥胖)． Next, the researchers examined whether certain exercises seemed to balance this risk． Overall, people who reported doing any type of regular exercises tended to have a lower BMI (體重指數(shù)) than those who didn't． This was true even among people who were genetically easy to becom

24、e overweight． But one exercise stood out as the one with the strongest anti－obesity effect: jogging． Participants with obesity genes who jogged tended to have a lower BMI than people with similar genetic risk who did not jog． But for those who loathe jogging, fear not: Five other types of exercis

25、es were also tied to a lower BMI among individuals at risk for obesity． These included mountain climbing, ballroom dancing and walking． The benefits of these exercises were the biggest among those with the greatest genetic risk of obesity． Interestingly, several other types of exercises failed to c

26、ounteract the genetic risk of obesity． These included cycling, stretching exercises and swimming． The findings don't mean that these latter exercises can't help with weight control． It's just that they didn't seem to counteract the genetic tendency to gain weight． There could be several reasons for

27、 this． The researchers noted that, for the average Joe or Jane, cycling and stretching exercises tend to require less energy than the exercises that were tied to a lower obesity risk． In addition, exercising in water, as happens with swimming, may increase appetite． [語篇解讀]　本文是一篇說明文。研究表明，慢跑是肥胖基因的克星。

28、此外，爬山、交際舞和散步也有利于減小肥胖的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。然而，騎自行車、做伸展運(yùn)動(dòng)和游泳等并不能幫助抵抗肥胖基因風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。 8．What does the underlined word “l(fā)oathe” in the third paragraph mean? A．Dislike． B．Display． C．Disturb． D．Discourage． 解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。畫線詞后面提供了其他幾項(xiàng)抵抗肥胖基因風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的運(yùn)動(dòng)?？梢姰嬀€詞所在句的意思是“對(duì)于那些不喜歡慢跑的人來說，也不必?fù)?dān)心”。故可判斷l(xiāng)oathe是“不喜歡，討厭”之意。 答案：A 9．Which exercise has the

29、 least effect on balancing obesity genes? A．Mountain climbing． B．Ballroom dancing． C．Running slowly． D．Riding a bicycle． 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“several other types of exercises failed to counteract the genetic risk of obesity． These included cycling, stretching exercises and swimming”可知，騎自行車不能抵抗肥胖基因風(fēng)

30、險(xiǎn)。 答案：D 10．What does the author indicate in the last paragraph? A．Swimming doesn't help one lose weight． B．Diving may make a person eat more food． C．Average people put less energy into exercises． D．Stretching exercises will become popular． 解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句可知，水中運(yùn)動(dòng)可能會(huì)增加食欲。潛水屬于水中運(yùn)動(dòng)，據(jù)此可判斷潛水可能使

31、一個(gè)人飯量增加。 答案：B 11．Which of the following is the best title? A．Jogging Less Leads to Genetic Obesity B．Regular Exercises Tend to Lower BMI C．Whether Exercises Balance Risks of Obesity Genes D．Genes Are Very Important for People's Weight Control 解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句、第二段第三句、第三段最后一句和第四段第一句可知，本文主要講的是

32、運(yùn)動(dòng)是否能夠平衡肥胖基因的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，故C項(xiàng)是最佳答案。 答案：C D (2021·浙江東陽模擬)When early humans killed a mammoth, how did they keep the meat before they could eat it all? We don't know; maybe they didn't． But perhaps they preserved their mammoth steaks in salt． However, it is hard to know for sure． We do know for certain that b

33、y 3，000 years ago, the Babylonians, Egyptians, and Chinese were all experts at salting． They used salt to preserve food． For thousands of years, salting was a common way to preserve food． But for a long time, no one knew why salt worked． Then, in the 1800s, a Frenchman named Louis Pasteur discovere

34、d the secret: bacteria． What does salt have to do with bacteria? First, bacteria need moisture to grow and multiply． Salt pulls moisture out of food, so the bacteria no longer have enough moisture． Besides, salt is poisonous to many bacteria． If you cover food with salt, bacteria outside the food di

35、e before they get in, and bacteria already in the food are poisoned by the salt． So how do you preserve food with salt? For meat or fish, you pour a layer of salt, then rub it in well． Hams are often made this way． Another way is to alternate layers of food and salt in a big container． The salt wil

36、l draw the moisture out of the food, creating brine (鹽水) that the food sits in． You'll need to make sure the brine completely covers the food; otherwise, any food left exposed to the air will spoil ． If you preserve cabbage this way, you'll make sauerkraut． How well salt preserves food depends o

37、n how much it is used． The more salt, the longer the food is preserved． Unfortunately, using enough salt to preserve food for a very long time can cause problems． It can make food tough． It can destroy the flavor． And, of course, it can make the food too salty to eat, which is harmful to our health．

38、 Today, even though we no longer rely on salt to keep our food fresh, we haven't lost our taste for salt． We don't want to give up our bacon, salami, and watermelon pickles! [語篇解讀]　本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種常見的保存食物的方法——腌制，講述了腌制中鹽所起的作用、如何用鹽保存食物以及鹽的用量問題。 12．Why are examples of the ancient people mentioned

39、in the first paragraph? A．To make an introduction to the topic． B．To explain our ancestors were very clever． C．To tell us the ancient people had a lot of food to eat． D．To show the ancient people were good at preserving food． 解析：寫作意圖題。文章開頭以及下文中對(duì)腌制食物這種方法的介紹可知，第一段提到古人保存食物的方法主要是為了引入文章主題。 答案：A 13

40、．What does the underlined word “spoil” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Become more delicious． B．Be preserved longer． C．Go bad． D．Become extremely salty． 解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞前的“You'll need to make sure the brine completely covers the food．．．”可知，腌制食物時(shí)要保證鹽水完全覆蓋食物。再根據(jù)otherwise可知，此處說的是與之相反的情況，即如果不按要求腌制食物，結(jié)果會(huì)不好。再結(jié)合

41、生活常識(shí)可知，此處是指任何暴露在空氣中的食物都會(huì)變質(zhì)。spoil在此處作動(dòng)詞，表示“變壞，變質(zhì)，腐敗”。 答案：C 14．Which of the following does the author probably agree with? A．If you want to make a ham, you should keep it in brine． B．If you want to make sauerkraut, you'd better pour a layer of salt and rub it． C．To keep the food longer, you shoul

42、d put as much salt on the food as possible． D．People needn't give up salty food completely as long as they control the amount． 解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“．．．we haven't lost our taste for salt． We don't want to give up our bacon, salami, and watermelon pickles！”可知，人們沒有失去對(duì)鹽的喜愛，并不想放棄腌制的食物。再結(jié)合第四段第一句可知，人們不必放棄腌制

43、的食物，只要控制好鹽的用量即可。故選D項(xiàng)。 答案：D 15．What's the author's purpose in writing the text? A．To explain how the ancient people preserved food． B．To tell us how salt works in preserving food． C．To persuade people to give up salty food． D．To introduce the way of preserving food with salt． 解析：寫作意圖題。文章主要介紹了鹽

44、在腌制中的作用、如何用鹽保存食物以及鹽的用量問題，即作者寫這篇文章的目的是介紹用鹽腌制食物的方法。 答案：D Ⅱ．閱讀七選五 (2021·衡水中學(xué)一調(diào))Art galleries are places in which artists can display all types of works of art, including paintings, drawings, photographs, sculptures, etc． 16 At the same time, however, each artwork must be protected from exposur

45、e to too much light since that can cause works to fade and therefore get ruined． 17 16．解析：根據(jù)下文中的“At the same time, however, each artwork must be protected from exposure to too much light”可知，然而，與此同時(shí)，每件藝術(shù)展品都需避免被過度暴露在光線下。E項(xiàng)“為了更好地改善它們的外觀，展區(qū)需要有明亮的光線”與下文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，符合語境。故選E。 答案：E 17．解析：上文介紹了展覽館既需要避免光線

46、過強(qiáng)，又需要有明亮的光線；下文介紹了如何確保藝術(shù)展覽館有足夠的光線及如何防止光線對(duì)展品產(chǎn)生破壞。F項(xiàng)“尋找到既有足夠的光線而又不會(huì)過于明亮的平衡點(diǎn)需要很好的技巧和經(jīng)驗(yàn)”承上啟下，符合語境。故選F。 答案：F The most common form of lighting used to light up artwork is indoor spotlights on tracks attached to the ceiling near where the work is being displayed． 18 It permits the lights to be move

47、d more easily when the light patterns require adjusting． Recessed (嵌入的) lights in walls and ceilings can be useful so long as they are not fixed in place but can instead be easily moved to create ideal light patterns． Most art gallery directors state that a combination of tracked and recessed light

48、equipment is ideal because the tracked lights focus directly on the artwork while the recessed lights are used on the nearby walls to provide a surrounding light source． 19 18．解析：根據(jù)下文“It permits the lights to be moved more easily when the light patterns require adjusting．”可知，它可以在需要調(diào)節(jié)光模式時(shí)使移動(dòng)光源

49、變得更容易。B項(xiàng)“使用追光燈是很有用的”與下文銜接緊密，符合語境。故選B。 答案：B 19．解析：根據(jù)上文中的“the recessed lights are used on the nearby walls to provide a surrounding light source．”可知，嵌入式的照明能給展品周圍提供光源。D項(xiàng)“這種光源可以更好地改善展品周圍的氛圍”與上文銜接緊密，符合語境。故選D。 答案：D How to angle the lights depends upon the height of the ceiling and the size of the artw

50、ork． Caution must be taken to avoid creating too many areas with shadows or to have the lights cause a glare on the artwork． Besides, the lights should not be bare bulbs burning directly on the artwork but should be made in some way to make the lighting softer． According to experts, low voltage (電壓)

51、 bulbs are the best to use when lighting artwork． 20 Thus artwork should be placed in a room where sunlight can't directly hit it． A．It can make the displays attractive． B．Using tracked lighting is beneficial． C．Light plays a key role in art galleries． D．This light source can better improv

52、e the mood surrounding the work． E．To better improve their appearance, the display area needs to be well lit． F．Finding a happy medium between not enough light and too much of it requires considerable skill and experience． G．Above all, natural light should be avoided since direct sunlight will damage artwork, particularly paintings, over time． 20．解析：根據(jù)下文“Thus artwork should be placed in a room where sunlight can't directly hit it．”可知，藝術(shù)展品需要放在太陽光不能直接照射到的房間中。G項(xiàng)“最重要的是，要避免自然光，因?yàn)橹鄙涞奶柟鈺?huì)慢慢地毀壞藝術(shù)品，特別是畫作”與下文銜接緊密，符合語境。故選G。 答案：G [語篇解讀]　本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了光線對(duì)藝術(shù)展覽館及其內(nèi)部作品的布局產(chǎn)生的影響。