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1、組合練(二十三)　閱讀理解＋閱讀七選五 Ⅰ．閱讀理解 A (2021·福州高三教學(xué)檢測(cè)) Stay in Wales Bed & Breakfast—St． David's Serving only adults, Ramsey House offers you professional hotel standards of accommodation and food service coupled with the friendly, relaxed atmosphere of a high－class non－smoking guest house． Situated wi

2、thin walking distance of St． David's, the smallest city in Europe, the house stands in its own attractive gardens and has private off－road parking． In the opposite direction, there is easy access to the Pembrokeshire Coast Path, where you can see some of Britain's most spectacular coastal scenery wi

3、th its abundant bird life and wild flowers． We have three double and three twin rooms． Each is individually furnished and decorated to 4－star standard with comfortable beds, central heating, remote control color TV, hair dryers and plenty of mirrors． All the rooms have a modern, well－lit en－suite b

4、athroom with WC, shaver socket and electric shower． All first－floor rooms have views of either the sea, the Cathedral or open country, and there are three ground－floor rooms with garden views, ideal for guests unable to climb stairs． Our full Welsh breakfast offers you a great start to the day wit

5、h homemade bread, cookies and preserves． We can also prepare fresh picnic lunches for your day out walking the Coast Path or on the beaches． There is comfortable lounge with lots of books and leaflets about Pembrokeshire to help you plan your trips． Weather permitting, guests may enjoy the peace an

6、d quiet of our gardens and watch the birds feeding． Drinks are served in both the garden and lounge． We also have secure bicycle storage, a drying room and light laundry facilities． Nearby are some of the safest and cleanest beaches in Europe offering a variety of water sports including sailing, s

7、urfing, wind－surfing and sea angling． Visitors are welcome at St． David's City Golf Club and several other Pembrokeshire clubs． We are also conveniently situated for easy access to the bird sanctuary islands of Ramsey, Skomer and Skokholm． A warm welcome awaits you at Ramsey House all year round． Y

8、ou will find it the ideal touring center in all seasons． House Owners: Ceri & Elaine Morgan 01437 72021 [語(yǔ)篇解讀]　本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了英國(guó)一所公寓Ramsey House提供的各項(xiàng)服務(wù)及其周邊的環(huán)境。 1．According to the passage, St． David's is the name of ． A．the Coast Path B．a(chǎn) Welsh city C．a(chǎn) Bed & Breakfast hotel D．Ramse

9、y House 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)本文標(biāo)題中的“Stay in Wales”及第二段第一句中的“Situated within walking distance of St．David's, the smallest city in Europe”可知，St．David's是威爾士的一座城市的名字。故選B。 答案：B 2．Which of the following is TRUE? A．On the Coast Path guests can enjoy water sports and play golf． B．Guests have to eat their lunches

10、 out on the Coast Path or the beaches． C．Guests staying in the lowest－level rooms have a good view of the sea． D．Guests may come to this house by car or by bike without parking problems． 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Situated within walking distance of St．David's．．． the house stands in its own attractive gar

11、dens and has private off－road parking．”以及第七段“We also have secure bicycle storage, a drying room and light laundry facilities．”可知，旅客駕車(chē)或騎自行車(chē)前往該公寓時(shí)都不會(huì)面臨停車(chē)問(wèn)題。故選D。 答案：D 3．Which of the following tourists may not be interested in this ad．? A．Ana, a wheelchair user, who enjoys holidays by the coast． B．X

12、avier, a bird－watching enthusiast, who knows little about the local area． C．A married couple with two young children showing interest in Pembrokeshire． D．Tina, a PhD graduate, who attaches great importance to travel safety． 解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Serving only adults, Ramsey House offers you．．．”可知，該公寓只接

13、待成年人。由此可推知，帶著兩個(gè)孩子的夫妻可能不會(huì)對(duì)這則廣告感興趣。故選C。 答案：C B (2021·齊魯名校復(fù)習(xí)達(dá)標(biāo)檢測(cè))I moved to the United States as a teenager． The adjustment to a new place was difficult． But there was major stress in my life at that time: I was the only member of my family who spoke English, meaning I had to step up when we dealt w

14、ith a shop assistant, a waiter and so on． However, there was another universal language I loved to learn as a child: art． Although I connected myself with drawing and painting while in school, I mostly dismissed art as a path to a career． Since my dad always said “Think about the future”， I did not

15、 think he would support the study of art once I went to college． But, to my surprise, it was my parents who suggested just that and urged me to apply to technical and liberal arts schools． I was admitted into industrial design． It's basically to design products and services． I could be doing someth

16、ing more technical or something more related to problem－solving． It was no easy task to do the course including metalworking, woodworking and model making． In one class I just drew cubes for an entire month, which led me to a question: “Wow! Do I really want to do this？” But I finally survived the c

17、ourse． Now I am a design strategist for Marshall Moya Design, a famous architecture and interior design company． I have experience in exhibit design, product design and website design, apart from which I enjoy developing public art in my free time． Throughout my career, I've picked up different th

18、ings along the way． The best way to learn in my opinion is through working, therefore, get as many projects as you can． Industrial design kind of makes you an all－round person． [語(yǔ)篇解讀]　本文是一篇記敘文。隨家人移居美國(guó)的作者熱愛(ài)藝術(shù)，并在家人的支持和自己的堅(jiān)持下，追逐夢(mèng)想，成就事業(yè)。 4．What was the author's biggest problem when first moving to Ame

19、rica? A．The adaption to a new environment． B．Difficulty in learning a new language． C．Father's disapproval of her studying art． D．The burden of being a communicator． 解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“But there was major stress in my life at that time：I was the only member of my family who spoke English，meaning

20、I had to step up when we dealt with a shop assistant, a waiter and so on．”可知，作者一家搬到美國(guó)后面臨的主要問(wèn)題：她是家庭中唯一會(huì)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的人，每次應(yīng)對(duì)售貨員、服務(wù)員等時(shí)，她不得不站出來(lái)，由此可推知她肩負(fù)著家人與外界溝通的重責(zé)，故選D。 答案：D 5．What made the author choose to study art? A．Her deep love for art． B．The suggestion of her family． C．Her potential in design． D．The

21、need of a good job． 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“I did not think he．．．it was my parents who suggested just that and urged me to apply to technical and liberal arts schools．”可知，作者的父母建議她學(xué)習(xí)藝術(shù)，故選B。 答案：B 6．Why was the author's experience of drawing cubes mentioned? A．To emphasize her effort at study． B．To expre

22、ss the regret at her choice． C．To prove the course was difficult． D．To show the basic content of the course． 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“It was no easy task to do the course including metalworking, woodworking and model making．”可知，作者認(rèn)為工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)不容易學(xué)，下文中的“In one class I just drew cubes for an entire month．．．surviv

23、ed the course．”進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明學(xué)習(xí)工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)這門(mén)課程的過(guò)程是艱難的。 答案：C 7．How did the author feel when she mentioned her career? A．Surprised．　　　　　　　　 B．Stressed． C．Eager． D．Proud． 解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Throughout my career，I've picked up different things along the way．”和“Industrial design kind of makes you an all－round perso

24、n．”可知，作者為她的事業(yè)感到自豪。故選D。 答案：D C (2021·青島高三練習(xí)性診斷)In recent years, stressed－out people living in cities have been seeking protection in green spaces for the proven positive impacts on physical and mental health, but the benefits of “blue spaces”—not only the sea and coastline, but also rivers, lakes,

25、 canals, waterfalls, even fountains—are less well advertised, yet the science has been consistent for at least a decade: being by water is good for the body and mind． “Many of the processes are exactly the same as with green spaces—with some added benefits，” says Dr． Mathew White, a senior lecturer

26、 at the University of Exeter． White says there are three established pathways by which the presence of water is positively related to health and happiness． First, there are the beneficial environmental factors, such as less polluted air and more sunlight． Second, people who live by water tend to be

27、 more physically active． Third—and this is where blue spaces seem to have an advantage over other natural environments—water has a psychological recovery effect． When you are sailing, surfing or swimming, says White, “you're really in step with natural forces there．” Catherine Kelly is a wellness p

28、ractitioner who teaches classes in “mindfulness by the sea”． She says the sea has a quality that can make people thoughtful． “To go to the sea means letting go，” says Kelly． “It could be lying on a beach or somebody handing you a cocktail． For somebody else, it could be a wild, empty coast． But the

29、re is this really human sense of: ‘Oh, look, there's the sea’—and the shoulders drop．” [語(yǔ)篇解讀]　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。通常情況下，人們都認(rèn)為綠色空間給人的身心健康帶來(lái)很多益處，研究表明藍(lán)色空間對(duì)人的身心健康亦有非常多的益處。 8．Why are blue spaces less popular than green spaces? A．Because green spaces are good to people's health． B．Because little research has bee

30、n done on blue spaces． C．Because green spaces have more benefits than blue spaces． D．Because the benefits of green spaces are better advertised． 解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“but the benefits of ‘blue spaces’．．．a(chǎn)re less well advertised”可知，與綠色空間的益處相比，藍(lán)色空間的益處較少被宣傳。故選D。 答案：D 9．Where are blue spaces superior to

31、 other natural environments according to White? A．Where there's water, there's fresh air． B．People living near water are healthier． C．Water can help people restore mental health． D．The sea can make people lost in deep thought． 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Third—and this is where blue spaces seem to have an

32、 advantage over other natural environments—water has a psychological recovery effect．”可知，藍(lán)色空間(水)相比其他自然環(huán)境的一個(gè)優(yōu)勢(shì)是藍(lán)色空間(水)有助于心理恢復(fù)。故選C。 答案：C 10．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．The sea will bring you loneliness． B．The sea will hurt your shoulders． C．The sea will put you at ease． D．The se

33、a will make you feel down． 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“To go to the sea means letting go” “l(fā)ying on a beach or somebody handing you a cocktail．．．coast”及最后一句可知，去海邊能讓人放松，人們可以盡享在海邊的休閑時(shí)光。故選C。 答案：C 11．What does the author mainly want to tell us? A．People in cities prefer green spaces． B．Blue spaces help both

34、physically and mentally． C．Green spaces have been out of date． D．Ways to keep us healthy． 解析：主旨大意題。文章第一段通過(guò)把綠色空間和藍(lán)色空間的受歡迎程度進(jìn)行對(duì)比，引出文章話題：藍(lán)色空間在身心上亦帶給我們很多的益處，接下來(lái)各段的內(nèi)容是對(duì)這一話題的具體闡釋。故選B。 答案：B D (2021·山東六地市聯(lián)合測(cè)試)Kar－go is the invention of the United Kingdom－based Academy of Robotics, which describes it a

35、s “Europe's first road－worthy autonomous delivery vehicle”． Using AI, this autonomous delivery vehicle offers customers an app—similar to one used when ordering a taxi—allowing them to choose when and where their packages are delivered． Companies like Tesla and Amazon have invested heavily in autono

36、mous vehicles, which have the potential to create a sea of changes in business and society． Resembling something like a green egg on wheels, Kar－go's aim is to reduce the cost of what's known as the “l(fā)ast mile delivery challenge”． This is the final stage of your online package's journey, from a loc

37、al warehouse to your front door． Labor costs, paying drivers, the cost of fuel and the vehicle costs for maintaining small vehicles all contribute to making this the most expensive part of the delivery process． The first part of the package's journey is far cheaper, with high volumes of packages bei

38、ng transported to and from the same location． However, at the other end, drivers deliver smaller shipments to several different locations—where the recipient may not even be available to collect． With the latest AI technology, Kar－go will deliver goods safely, sustainably and in style． The AI vehic

39、le uses special technology to become an expert on its own individual route, learning from past experiences in order to help itself deal with new future obstacles on the road． Kar－go also has its very own internal sorting system, allowing the vehicle to transport packages in the correct order for del

40、ivery． By 2030, the Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders predicts the autonomous market could add $62 billion in economic growth in the UK, creating more than 420，000 new jobs． Electric, self－driving, economic and capable of working 24/7, Kar－go promises to reduce the last mile delivery cost

41、by up to 90%, providing an efficient solution to the rapidly－expanding online retail (零售) market． [語(yǔ)篇解讀]　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了號(hào)稱(chēng)歐洲第一款適于行路的無(wú)人駕駛運(yùn)貨車(chē)Kar－go，重點(diǎn)從設(shè)計(jì)背景、特點(diǎn)以及對(duì)未來(lái)網(wǎng)絡(luò)零售市場(chǎng)的影響等方面做了簡(jiǎn)要說(shuō)明。 12．From the first paragraph we know Kar－go ． A．is an app used to order a taxi B．is Europe's first autonomo

42、us vehicle C．has created great changes in business and society D．transports goods at customers' convenience 解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Using AI, this autonomous delivery vehicle offers customers an app—similar to one used when ordering a taxi—allowing them to choose when and where their packages are delive

43、red．”可知，使用AI技術(shù)，這款自動(dòng)駕駛送貨車(chē)給客戶(hù)提供了一款類(lèi)似于打車(chē)軟件的應(yīng)用程序，從而使顧客可以決定其快遞的投送時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)，這為顧客帶來(lái)極大便利，D選項(xiàng)符合文章描述。 答案：D 13．What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us? A．How Kar－go delivers the goods． B．What challenges Kar－go may face． C．How the drivers reduce delivery cost． D．Why the last mile delivery is expensive． 解析：段落大意題

44、。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，本段重點(diǎn)介紹了最后一英里運(yùn)輸為什么成本高。故選D項(xiàng)。 答案：D 14．What is the advantage of the AI technology used by Kar－go? A．It has an advanced internal sorting system． B．It enables vehicles to work more efficiently． C．It makes a driver become an expert in traffic． D．It helps people clean new obstacles on the r

45、oad． 解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“The AI vehicle uses special technology to become an expert on its own individual route, learning from past experiences in order to help itself deal with new future obstacles on the road．”可知，該人工智能運(yùn)貨車(chē)可以使用特殊科技成為一個(gè)在自己運(yùn)行路線方面的專(zhuān)家，并能夠從先前的經(jīng)歷中學(xué)習(xí)，從而可以幫助它自己處理未來(lái)道路上的新障礙，據(jù)此推斷人工智能技術(shù)可以使Kar－go運(yùn)

46、貨車(chē)的工作效率更高，故選B項(xiàng)。 答案：B 15．What influence does Kar－go have on the UK? A．It will create over 420，000 jobs for drivers． B．It will reduce the delivery cost by up to 90%． C．It may contribute to the growth of online business． D．It may make the UK lead in the autonomous market． 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Kar－g

47、o promises to reduce the last mile delivery cost by up to 90%，providing an efficient solution to the rapidly－expanding online retail market”可知，Kar－go運(yùn)貨車(chē)能夠?qū)⒆詈笠挥⒗锏呢涍\(yùn)成本降低90%，從而有效地解決快速發(fā)展的在線零售市場(chǎng)的運(yùn)輸難題，故選C項(xiàng)。 答案：C Ⅱ．閱讀七選五 (2021·青島高三統(tǒng)一測(cè)試)Laboratory studies have shown that prolonged exposure to high－intens

48、ity blue light damages retinal (視網(wǎng)膜的) cells in mice． 16 So, why is there the disconnect between blue light's effects on rodent (嚙齒類(lèi)動(dòng)物) eyes and human eyes? 17 We have protective elements, such as macular pigments (黃斑色素) and the natural blue－blocking ability of the crystalline lens (晶狀體)

49、． These structures absorb blue light before it reaches the delicate retina． Just because blue light isn't harming your retina doesn't mean your electronic devices are harmless． 18 Mounting evidence suggests that screen time before bed increases the time it takes to fall asleep． It also robs y

50、ou of restorative rapid eye movement sleep, dulls focus, and reduces brain activity the next day． 19 First, turn off your electronic devices before bed． Outside of the bedroom, when you do look at your screens, lower the brightness． Second, follow the “20－20－20” rule． The American Optometri

51、c Association (美國(guó)驗(yàn)光學(xué)會(huì)) defines this rule as taking a 20－second break every 20 minutes to look at something 20 feet in the distance． 20 Third, use lubricating eye drops before extended computer use． This method will reinforce the body's natural tears and keep the eyes' surface water－bearing．

52、A．This will allow your eyes to relax． B．Human eyes are different from rodent eyes． C．That's why it's so important to have your eyes tested regularly． D．Because of its wavelength, blue light does disrupt healthy sleep physiology (生理機(jī)能)． E．But epidemiological (流行病學(xué)的) studies on real people tell a

53、different story． F．Consumers often don't think about the impact digital devices might have on their vision． G．There are ways to make your screen viewing more comfortable and more helpful to sleep． [語(yǔ)篇解讀]　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了藍(lán)光對(duì)嚙齒動(dòng)物及人的影響，并給出保護(hù)眼睛免受藍(lán)光傷害的三條建議。 16．解析：空前的句子提到，實(shí)驗(yàn)室研究表明長(zhǎng)時(shí)間暴露在高強(qiáng)度藍(lán)光下會(huì)損害老鼠的視網(wǎng)膜細(xì)

54、胞，空后又提到為什么藍(lán)光對(duì)嚙齒動(dòng)物的眼睛和人類(lèi)眼睛的影響是不相干的呢，由此可知，空處應(yīng)與對(duì)人類(lèi)的研究有關(guān)，且研究發(fā)現(xiàn)與對(duì)老鼠的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)不同，故E項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。 答案：E 17．解析：根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容可知，本段主要介紹了人類(lèi)眼睛不同于嚙齒類(lèi)動(dòng)物眼睛的一些特點(diǎn)，亦是對(duì)前面問(wèn)題的回答，故B項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。 答案：B 18．解析：根據(jù)下文中的“Mounting evidence suggests that screen time before bed increases the time it takes to fall asleep． It also robs you of restorative rapid eye movement sleep．．．”可知，越來(lái)越多的證據(jù)表明，睡前的屏幕時(shí)間會(huì)增加你入睡所需要的時(shí)間，也會(huì)剝奪你的快速眼動(dòng)睡眠。由此可知，D項(xiàng)“由于其波長(zhǎng)，藍(lán)光確實(shí)會(huì)擾亂健康的睡眠生理機(jī)能”符合語(yǔ)境。 答案：D 19．解析：根據(jù)文章最后三段的內(nèi)容可知，最后三段主要介紹了保護(hù)眼睛免受藍(lán)光傷害的方法，故G項(xiàng)“有一些方法可以讓你的屏幕瀏覽更舒適，更有助于睡眠”符合語(yǔ)境。 答案：G 20．解析：前面提到要遵循“20－20－20”法則，即每隔20分鐘休息20秒，看看20英尺外的東西。空處內(nèi)容應(yīng)與遵循這一法則的影響有關(guān)，故A項(xiàng)“這能使你的眼睛放松”符合語(yǔ)境。 答案：A