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1、閱讀理解二輪訓(xùn)練（4） 社會(huì)文化（閱讀理解）由 (2013重慶,D)改編 Not all bodies of water are so evidently alive as the Atlantic Ocean,an S-shaped body of water covering 33 million square miles.The Atlantic has,in a sense,replaced the Mediterranean as the inland sea of Western civilization.Unlike real inland seas,which seem s

2、trangely still,the Atlantic is rich in oceanic liveliness.It is perhaps not surprising that its vitality has been much written about by ancient poets. “Storm at Sea”,a short poem written around 700,is generally regarded as one of mankind’s earliest artistic representations of the Atlantic. When th

3、e wind is from the west All the waves that cannot rest 　　To the east must thunder on 　　Where the bright tree of the sun Is rooted in the ocean’s breast. As the poem suggests,the Atlantic is never dead and dull.It is an ocean that moves,impressively and endlessly.It makes all kinds of noise—it

4、is forever thundering,boiling,crashing,and whistling. It is easy to imagine the Atlantic trying to draw breath—perhaps not so noticeably out in mid-ocean,but where it meets land,its waters bathing up and down a sandy beach.It mimics(模仿)nearly perfectly the steady breathing of a living creature.It i

5、s filled with symbiotic existences,too:unimaginable quantities of creatures,little and large alike,mix within its depths in a kind of oceanic harmony,giving to the waters a feeling of heartbeat,a kind of sub-ocean vitality.And it has a psychology.It has personalities: sometimes peaceful and pleasant

6、,on rare occasions rough and wild; always it is strong and striking. 1.Unlike real inland seas,the Atlantic Ocean is 　　　.? A.always energetic B.lacking in liveliness C.shaped like a square D.favored by ancient poets 2.What is the purpose of using the poem “Storm at Sea” in the passage?(　　) A.

7、To describe the movement of the waves. B.To show the strength of the storm. C.To represent the power of the ocean. D.To prove the vastness of the sea. 3.What does the underlined word “symbiotic” mean?(　　) A.Living together. B.Growing fast. C.Moving harmoniously. D.Breathing peacefully. 4.In t

8、he last paragraph,the Atlantic is compared to 　　　.? A.a beautiful and poetic place B.a flesh and blood person C.a wonderful world D.a lovely animal 　　語(yǔ)篇解讀:本文為一篇夾敘夾議文。表達(dá)了對(duì)大西洋的贊美。大西洋充滿了生機(jī)與活力,它的力量強(qiáng)大得無(wú)可比擬,它狂野不羈。 答案及剖析:1.A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第一段最后兩句話談到大西洋具有豐富的海洋活躍分子,不像真正的內(nèi)陸海一樣平靜,vitality和energetic表達(dá)的意思相近,故答案為A項(xiàng)

9、。 2.C　作者意圖題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“It is perhaps not surprising that its vitality has been much written about by ancient poets.”及倒數(shù)第二段最后兩句“It is an ocean...whistling.”可推知本文選用“Storm at Sea”這首詩(shī)的目的是說(shuō)明大西洋力量的強(qiáng)大,它會(huì)制造各種各樣的噪音——永遠(yuǎn)轟鳴、翻滾、沖擊、呼嘯,所以選擇C項(xiàng)。 3.A　猜測(cè)詞義題?！癐t is filled with symbiotic existences...”之后的內(nèi)容是對(duì)這一句的解釋。根據(jù)上

10、文中的a living creature和下文中的mix,harmony可知,symbiotic意為“混合的,共生的”,指的是“那些難以想象的大量的生物,無(wú)論大小,都混合在一起共生”。 4.B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的heartbeat“心跳”,psychology“心理”,personalities“個(gè)性,品質(zhì)”可推知作者把大西洋比作了一個(gè)有血有肉的人,故答案為B項(xiàng)。 【疑難詞匯解讀】 1.vitality n.生命力;活力 She is bursting with vitality and new ideas. 她朝氣蓬勃,滿腦子新主意。 2.be filled with充

11、滿 We were all filled with admiration for his achievements. 我們都十分佩服他的成就。 【長(zhǎng)難句子分析】 不同于真正的內(nèi)陸海,它們看上去異常的平靜,而大西洋卻充滿了海洋活力。 閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文, 從給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng) (A、B、C和D) 中, 選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 (2014·西安模擬) If you’re a dog lover, you probably know about the Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show. Held annually in New York

12、City, the event attracts thousands of dogs and their handlers, each competing for the top prize, Best in Show. Westminster is so popular that some people call it a Canine(犬科)Super Bowl. But did you know that lots of smaller—and very different—dog shows take place each year across the country? One

13、of them was held recently in Jacksonville, Florida. It was the Pals and Paws Agility Trial. About 100 dogs took part in the three-day event, held March 8—10 at the Jacksonville Equestrian Center. In a dog contest, dogs compete on an obstacle course. They run through tunnels, weave through poles an

14、d jump through hoops and over hurdles. Handlers direct the dogs through obstacles. Dogs are judged on how long it takes them to complete the obstacle course and how well they perform each of the challenges. Ribbons and titles are awarded as dogs complete different events. Dog agility(靈活)is a popul

15、ar sport, widely practiced around the world. Participants say it strengthens the bond between handler and dog while providing exercise for both. Does your dog have what it takes to compete? Liz McGuire says preparation is key. “You can keep your dog in condition by exercising them and feeding them

16、 the right foods, ”she said. “The dog has to train, sort of like a football player. ”McGuire competes in agility trials with five Australian shepherds(牧羊人). Suzanne Wesley’s gray poodle(獅子狗), Raya, was in top shape at the Jacksonville event: Raya won the Agility Dog Champion title. It is one of th

17、e competition’s highest awards. Other owners and dogs taking part in the trials included Terry Herman and her miniature poodle, Idgie, and Stuart Mah with his four-year-old border collie, Ares. For dog owners like Hunter Moore, however, the Pals and Paws Agility Trial was pure entertainment. He ha

18、s a pug named Bessie, but he doesn’t compete. What did Moore like most about the Jacksonville event? “Seeing everyone try their best, even the dogs! ” 【文章大意】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道, 介紹流行在美國(guó)佛羅里達(dá)州的Pals and Paws Agility Trial大賽的情況。 1. The first paragraph is mainly intended to　　　. A. advertise the dogs　　　　 B. int

19、roduce the topic C. entertain the readers D. attract more visitors 【解析】選B。推理判斷題。第一段介紹紐約家喻戶曉的the Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show引出話題, 然后第二段進(jìn)一步介紹小型的犬類比賽。 2. The underlined word“hurdles”in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to　　　. A. ribbons B. channels C. trainers D. barriers 【解析】選D。

20、詞義猜測(cè)題。依據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容推斷其中一項(xiàng)障礙賽要求狗和主人密切配合通過(guò)各種障礙, 時(shí)間最短, 表現(xiàn)最好者獲獎(jiǎng)。 3. Which of the following is NOT true about the Pals and Paws Agility Trial? A. It is held every year in New York City. B. There’re about 100 dogs involved this year. C. Ribbons and honors are given to best dogs. D. Dog agility is one o

21、f the most popular items. 【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。A項(xiàng)是張冠李戴錯(cuò)誤, 這與原文第二段不一致; 其余選項(xiàng)與全文信息一致。 4. According to the passage, who went to the Pals and Paws Agility Trial simply for fun? A. Liz McGuire B. Suzanne Wesley C. Terry Herman D. Hunter Moore 【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最后一段For dog owners like Hunter Moore, how

22、ever, the Pals and Paws Agility Trial was pure entertainment. 得知Hunter Moore參與的目的純粹是娛樂(lè)而不是獲獎(jiǎng)。 語(yǔ)法填空。閱讀下列短文, 從給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng) (A、B、C和D) 中, 選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 閱讀下面材料, 在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(不多于3個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 　　Every day has the potential to be a good and, in some cases, a great day for you. Few of us get up in the mornin

23、g　1　(think)that we want this to be a bad day. Yet in many cases the day turns that way because of a person or an event　2　we worry about. 　　Think about those small events which can throw you off balance and affect your whole day　3　(negative). Who stole your day? Was　4　a boss, an unruly child, an

24、erratic driver on the way to work, getting　5　“F”on a history paper, 　6　an impolite waiter at lunch that did? 　　Every day numerous people or events can prevent us from having a good day, if we let them. The key is that we should adopt a positive attitude towards life. We cannot control　7　happens

25、to us in many cases, but we can control how we react　8　these events. Lao-tzu, a Chinese philosopher, 　9　(say), “He who conquers others is strong; he who conquers　10　is mighty. ” 【文章大意】每一天既可能會(huì)朝著好的方面發(fā)展, 也可能會(huì)朝著壞的方面發(fā)展, 關(guān)鍵是看我們對(duì)生活采取的態(tài)度。雖然我們不能控制會(huì)發(fā)生什么事, 但我們可以控制我們對(duì)所發(fā)生的事情的態(tài)度。 1. 【解析】thinking。考查現(xiàn)在分詞。think和

26、邏輯主語(yǔ)few of us之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系, 應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。 2. 【解析】that?？疾殛P(guān)系代詞。that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞a person or an event, that在從句中作介詞about的賓語(yǔ), 先行詞中既有人也有事物, 不可用which。 3. 【解析】negatively?？疾楦痹~。修飾動(dòng)詞(affect), 應(yīng)用副詞。 4. 【解析】it?？疾榇~。本句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句, 句中缺少it。 5. 【解析】an。考查冠詞。F表示的是學(xué)業(yè)成績(jī)中的F級(jí)別, 是一個(gè)可數(shù)名詞, 此處是泛指“一個(gè)F級(jí)別”, 應(yīng)用不定冠詞; F是以元音音素開頭的, 應(yīng)用不定冠詞an修飾。

27、6. 【解析】or?？疾椴⒘羞B詞。an impolite waiter和“F”on a history paper是并列關(guān)系, 表示的是一種可能性, 應(yīng)用or, 意為“或者”。 7. 【解析】what?？疾橘e語(yǔ)從句。control后跟的是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句, 從句中缺少主語(yǔ), 應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)。 8. 【解析】to?？疾榻樵~。react to sth. 對(duì)某事做出反應(yīng), 是固定搭配。 9. 【解析】said。考查時(shí)態(tài)。表述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情, 應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 10. 【解析】himself?？疾榇~。由He who conquers others is strong可知, 此處指的是“征服自己

28、的人才是強(qiáng)大的”。主語(yǔ)是he, 所以反身代詞用himself。 閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文, 從給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng) (A、B、C和D) 中, 選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 體裁 題材 詞數(shù) 難度 建議用時(shí) 說(shuō)明文 教育 320 ★★★ 7分鐘 Many years ago，an experiment in education was carried out in secret at a school in England.The school had two classes for children of the same age.At the end of the sch

29、ool year an examination was held，in order to select the children for the classes of next year.However，the results of the exam were never made known.In secret，based on their performance in the exam，the higher－performing and lower－performing children were divided equally between the two classes.Only t

30、he headmaster and the psychologists knew the truth.Teachers for the next year were carefully selected for equal ability and experience.Even the classrooms were chosen with similar facilities (設(shè)備)．Everything was made as equal as possible，except for one thing：one was called “Class A”，the other，“Class

31、B”． In everyone's minds the children in Class A were the clever ones，and the kids in Class B were not so clever.Some of the parents of the Class A children were pleasantly surprised that their children had done so well and rewarded them with presents and praise，while the parents of some of the Clas

32、s B kids complained that their children did not work hard enough and took away some of their rewards.Even the teachers taught the Class B kids in a different manner，not expecting so much from them.For a whole year the illusion existed.Then there was another end－of－year exam. The results were not su

33、rprising.The children of Class A performed so much better than those of Class B．In fact，the results were just as if they had been the top half chosen from last year's exam.They had become “Class A” children.And those in the other group，though equal the year before，had now become “Class B” kids.That

34、was what they were told for a whole year，that was how they were treated，and that was what they believed—so that was what they became. 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　本文是說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了一個(gè)令人深思的教育實(shí)驗(yàn)。 1．According to the text，it is a fact that ________． A．the Class A kids worked harder B．the Class A kids had better facilities C．k

35、ids in the two classes had equal ability D．teachers of Class A were more experienced 答案　C　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段的Everything was made as equal as possible，except...及第三段的And those in the other group，though equal the year before可知，兩個(gè)班的學(xué)生資質(zhì)相當(dāng)而且學(xué)習(xí)條件相同。] 2．The underlined word “illusion” in Paragraph 2 is closest

36、in meaning to“________”． A．reward system B．false impression C．teaching plan D．old tradition 答案　B　[詞義猜測(cè)題。由該詞所在段落的內(nèi)容——盡管兩個(gè)班的孩子無(wú)區(qū)別，但由于班級(jí)冠名不同而導(dǎo)致了家長(zhǎng)、老師的錯(cuò)誤印象和分別心可知，illusion指“錯(cuò)覺”。] 3．Why didn't the Class B kids perform well in the second exam? A．Because they didn't work hard. B．Because they had los

37、t self－confidence. C．Because their teachers were irresponsible. D．Because what they learned was too difficult. 答案　B　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章末句That was what they...what they became可知，B班的學(xué)生被認(rèn)為比較差，最后他們失去了自信，也就真的差了。] 4．The experiment proved the importance of ________． A．great ambitions B．natural talents C．strong determination D．outside influence 答案　D　[推理判斷題。本文介紹了一個(gè)教學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)：成績(jī)相同的兩個(gè)班由于分別接受積極的和消極的外部影響，一年以后兩個(gè)班的成績(jī)出現(xiàn)明顯差距。因此這項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)證明了外部影響的重要性。]