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1、 高考綜合復習：Book 1 Unit 7-9 重點詞匯、短語與句型:1.in ruins 成為廢墟2.bringback to life使蘇醒，使生3.pull down 拆毀，推翻4.set up 設立,創(chuàng)立5.stand for 代表,象征，支持 6.because of 由于，因為 7.speed skating 速滑 8.track and field 田徑 9.would rather 寧愿，寧可 10.take part in 參加 11.in preparation for為做準備 12.stay in touch with 與保持聯(lián)系 13.call for 要求，需要 14

2、.according to 按照 15.take over 接收，接管 16.succeed(in)doing sth.成功地干成某事 17.break down毀掉，壞掉，中止 18.sendinto space 把送入太空 19.give in 屈服 20.be under attack遭到進攻 21.every+數(shù)詞+名詞 每 22.in modern times 在現(xiàn)代 pete in 參加比賽 e up with找到，提出 25.stone by stone 一塊石頭、一塊石頭 26.be marked with 上面標有 27.more than 不僅僅是 28.change on

3、es behavior 改變某人的行為方式 29.do ones best(to do sth.)盡力做某事 do all/everything sb.can(to do sth.)做某人所能做的一切（來做某事）do what sb.can to help sb.盡某人所能去幫某人 30.on the go 忙個不停，跑來跑去 31.add 的用法 32.an electronic calendar電子日歷 33.during ones lifetime 在某人的一生中 34.cultural relics文化遺產(chǎn) 35.the same as 同一樣 36.win a gold medal獲

4、得金牌 37.be based on以為基礎 38.dare的用法 39.important events in history歷史上的重大事件 40.a sports star profile體育明星特寫 41.light the torch點燃火炬 42.dream about a better future夢想一個更好的未來 43.提出意見和建議：Why not?Why dont you?What/How about?Shall we?Maybe we could Id like to Cant we？44.同意和不同意：Absolutely.Thats exactly what I w

5、as thinking.Thats a good point.Thats just how I see it.Thats worth thinking about.I disagree./Well,yes,but You cant be serious.Well,Im not so sure about that.單元知識點歸納：1.in case（adv.conj.）以防，萬一 in case of sth.假如，以防發(fā)生某事 in this/that case在這種那種情況下 in no case 決不 in any case無論如何，總之 in the case of 就而言，至于，在情

6、況下 注：case 可表達多種意思：That isnt the case with Peter.彼得的情況并不如此（情況，情形）。The case will be tried in the court next week.下周要審這個案子（案情，案例）。The worst cases have been sent to hospital.情況最嚴重的患者已被送往醫(yī)院（患者，病人）。高考題例:-Im afraid Mr.Wood cant see you until 4 oclock.-Oh,_ I wont wait.(2005全國高考浙江卷)A.no doubt B.after all C.

7、in that case D.in this way 分析：從語境中可理解題意為“要是那樣的話，我就不等了”。答案：C I always take something to read when I go to the doctors _ I have to wait.(2005全國高考卷二)A.in case B.so thatC.in order D.as if 分析:由句意可知“當我去醫(yī)務室時總要帶上點東西,以防等待”.in case“以防”,so that“為了”。答案:A use as 把某物當作使用 be used to do 被用于 used to do 過去常常 be/get u

8、sed to sth./doing sth.習慣于eg.Wood can be used to make desks and chairs.木頭可以被用來制作桌椅。In ancient times,people used stones as tools for farming.古代，人民常用石頭作為捕食動物的工具。He used to play a funny role in TV plays.他過去常在電視劇中扮演滑稽的角色。He has got used to spending his holidays in the countryside.他已習慣于在鄉(xiāng)下渡假了。We used to w

9、ork in the same workshop.我們過去在同一個車間工作。be used to doing sth.可用quite來修飾。如果強調(diào)由不同習慣到習慣這一過程的動作，常用get或become代替。如：He has become used to staying up late.他已習慣于熬夜了。The food in England is strange at first but youll soon get used to it.英國食物乍一吃很不習慣，但不久就能適應了。After three months she had got used to the extreme heat

10、.三個月以后她就適應酷熱的環(huán)境了。3.remind vt.提醒，使想起 常用于下列句型：remind sb.of sth.remind（sb.）that remind sb.to do sth.reminder n.使某人回想起某事或某人的事物；提示 The statue is a lasting reminder of Churchills greatness.這尊塑像使人永遠緬懷丘吉爾的偉大功績。The waiters were cleaning the tables,which served as a reminder that it was time to leave.服務員在收拾桌子

11、，提醒顧客該走了。高考題例:In our childhood,we were often _ by Grandma to pay attention to our table manners.（2005全國高考江蘇卷）A.demanded B.reminded C.allowed D.hoped 分析:從4個選項看,均為過去分詞形式。那么,只需對句意理解和對4個過去分詞的動詞原形詞義辨析便可選對。從題干所提供的語境看,可以排除C項,再從動詞搭配來考慮,A項和D項都只能用不定式來直接作賓語,只有remind可接動詞不定式作賓語補足語。答案:B 4.add to 在中加上 add to 增加，加強

12、 add up 加起來 add up to總共，總共有 If you add five to five,you get ten.五加五得十。Dont add fuel to the flame.不要火上加油。I added sugar to tea.我往茶里加了糖。Every time I added up these figures I got a different answer.每次加起這些數(shù)字，我得到的答案都不一樣。Your carelessness added to our difficulty.你的粗心增加了我們的困難。His whole schooling added up to

13、 no more than one year.他受到的全部學校教育加起來不超過一年。Travel adds to our understanding of the world.旅游增加了我們對世界的了解。5.lateadj.adv.遲的，晚的 later是late的比較級，adv.后來（常用于詞組later on）latest是late的最高級，“最新的，最近的”（可用于詞組at the latest“最遲”）lately最近（=recently）latter 后者 6.under attack 遭受攻擊under表示“在（狀態(tài)）中，在（情況）下”eg.The city was under a

14、ttack for 100 days.這座城市被圍困了一百天。The patrol came under attack from all sides.巡邏隊遭到來自四面八方的攻擊。The road is under repair and is closed to motor traffic.這條公路正在維修，禁止機動車輛通行。The problem is under discussion.這個問題正在討論中。The building is under construction.大樓正在建設中。give in（vi.）投降，屈服，讓步 give in to（vt.）向讓步，遷就 give up(

15、sth./doing sth.)（vt.vi.）放棄，不再做（某事）give off：send out or emit sth.送出或發(fā)出某物 give sth./sb.away 贈送，有意或無意泄露某事物或出賣某人 give out用完，消耗盡 高考題例:Dont mention that at the beginning of the story,or it may _ the shocking ending.（2002北京高考）A.give awayB.give out C.give upD.give off 分析:give away此處為“泄露(秘密等)”,give out/off發(fā)出

16、,give up放棄。答案:A What shall we use for power when all the oil in the world had _?（2005全國高考山東卷）A.given out B.put out C.held out D.used up 分析:give out指“分發(fā),放出,用光”,put out指“生產(chǎn),出版,撲滅,提供”,hold out“舉起,阻擋,使停頓”,use up“耗盡,耗費”。根據(jù)句意這里表示“耗盡,用光”,容易僅根據(jù)句意而誤選D.但如果用 use up,需要用被動語態(tài);give out表示“耗盡,用光”時是不及物的,不用被動語態(tài).答案:A 8

17、.include：vt.“包括，列在里面”including：“包括”用在名詞之前，表主動意義 included：“被包括”用在名詞或代詞之后，表被動意義 比較：contain著重指作為組成部分而被包含在內(nèi)，可指具體的或抽象的事物。include用法較廣，它的賓語是所包含的部分內(nèi)容，指整體中的一部分，通常用來附加或補充說明 eg.The tour includes a visit to the Science Museum.這次參觀包括去科學館。All of us,including me/me included,have read this book.所有的人，包括我在內(nèi)，都看過這本書。Yo

18、ur duties will include putting the children to bed.哄小孩入睡也將是你工作的一部分。The band played many songs,including some of my favourites.（=The band played many songs,some of my favourites included.）這支樂隊演奏了許多歌曲，其中有我最喜歡的。We all went,myself included.（=We all went,including me.）我們都去了，其中包括我。I think youll find the p

19、lan includes most of your suggestion.我想你會發(fā)現(xiàn)這個計劃包括了你的大部分建議。9.in pieces 成碎片，破碎，落空 in ruins 成為廢墟，落空 in 表示某人（某事物）的狀態(tài)或狀況，常用 于以下詞組中：in order 整齊in a mess 凌亂 in good repair 保養(yǎng)良好in a hurry匆忙地 in poverty 在貧困中in poor healthy 健康欠佳 in anger（=angrily）憤怒地 eg.I found the glass lying in pieces on the ground.他發(fā)現(xiàn)玻璃杯成了

20、碎片散落在地上。An earthquake left the whole town in ruins.地震使整個城市淪為廢墟。His career is in ruins.他已前途盡毀。He is in poor health.他的健康欠佳。He left in a hurry.他匆匆地離開了。in 可表示“穿（戴）”（：wearing）eg.He is dressed in white.他身著白色服裝。in 表示手段、材料等 eg.The article was written in ink.這篇文章是用鋼筆寫的。Please speak in a loud voice.請大聲說出來。in

21、表示比率 eg.One in ten said they preferred their old brand of margarine.有十分之一的人說比較喜歡老牌子的人造黃油。in 表示“在某方面，至于”eg.It is a country rich in minerals.它是一個礦藏豐富的國家。He is behind others in reading,but a long way ahead in arithmetic.他在閱讀方面比別人落后，但在算術方面遙遙領先。10.據(jù)說It is said thatis said to eg.It is said that you know h

22、is address.據(jù)說你知道他的地址。=You are said to know his address.It is said that he is the best player in his class.據(jù)說他是班里最好的隊員。=He is said to be the best player in his class.It is said that the old temple is of great importance.據(jù)說那座古廟很重要。=The old temple is said to be of great importance.be said 還可和to have do

23、ne連用，表示已發(fā)生的情況 eg.He is said to have failed again.據(jù)說他又失敗了。They are said to have won the game.據(jù)說他們贏了這場比賽。He is said to have written a novel about Long March.據(jù)說他寫了一本關于長征的小說。高考題例：-Is Bob still performing?-Im afraid not.He is said _ the stage already as he has become an official.（2005全國高考江蘇卷）A.to have le

24、ft B.to leave C.to have been leftD.to be left 分析：前者問Bob還在表演嗎，后者回答恐怕不演了，據(jù)說因為他當官已經(jīng)離開舞臺了。從設空后的 already 一詞可以明顯看出Bob離開舞臺是過去已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情，所以此處必須選用不定式的完成式，因而 A項為正確選項。答案：A 11.pull down 拆除，推掉；使降低，使體質(zhì)虛弱；拉下（事物）eg.The old government was pulled down.舊政府已被推翻了。(2)Its easier to pull down than build up.拆比建容易。(3)It was the

25、 written paper that pulled him down.是筆試使他落后了。(4)Since his illness,he is very much pulled down.病后他身體遠不如從前了。(5)Would you please pull down the blinds?請你把窗簾拉下好嗎？其他常用pull 短語：pull ahead(of sb./sth.)領先（于某人/某事物）pull in/into（指火車）進站 pull sb.round/through（幫助某人）恢復知覺或健康 pull(sth.)over（使車船等）閃到一邊 pull oneself toge

26、ther 控制自己，控制感情等 The car pulled ahead as soon as the road was clear.路上稍一有空，那輛汽車就搶到前面去了。The team has pulled well ahead of the rest in the championship.這個車隊在錦標賽中遙遙領先于其他隊。The train pulled in right on time.這列火車正點到站。Passengers stood and stretched as the train pulled into the station.火車進站時旅客們站起來伸了伸懶腰。She w

27、as so ill that it seemed unlikely that she would pull through.她病得很厲害，看起來不大可能康復了。A sip of bandy helped to pull him round.給他喝一口白蘭地有助于使他蘇醒。Pull（your car）over and let me pass.把你的車閃開，讓我過去。You must try to pull yourself together.Your family depend on you.你應該振作起來，你的家庭都指著你呢。12.byprep.表示到事物的程度 The bullet miss

28、ed him by two inches.那子彈差兩英寸就打中他了。The carpet is too short by three feet.那地毯短了三英尺。The population has increased by one million.人口已增加了一百萬。*按照（某事物），根據(jù) By my watch it is two oclock.我的手表現(xiàn)在是兩點鐘。Judging by appearances can be misleading.憑外表判斷是會誤事的。*以連續(xù)的單位、批量或程度計 The children came in two by two.孩子們兩個兩個地進來了。Li

29、ttle by little the snow disappeared.雪漸漸地融化了。(3)Step by step one goes far.千里之行始于足下。*以某事物為標準或單位 He was paid by the month.他是按月領取薪水。*表示運輸方式 They went there by air/ship/car.他們乘坐飛機/輪船/小汽車去的那里。*表示被觸及、被抓住身體的部位或衣物某處 take sb.by the hand 抓住某人的手seize sb.by the collar/hair 抓住某人的衣領、頭發(fā) 13.in modern times 在現(xiàn)代 in an

30、cient times 在古代 times ?？梢杂脕肀硎尽皶r代，時期，境況，日子等”Times have changed and we should not fall behind them.時代變了，我們不應落后于時代。In ancient times,people lived on wild fruits and beasts.在古代，人們靠采摘野果、捕食野獸為生。Times are hard.I have my family to keep.日子過的很艱難，我得養(yǎng)家糊口。Time 短語：for the first time 第一次in time 及時 on time準時all the

31、time一直 at the same time 同時at times有時候 ahead of time提前 in no time立刻，馬上 behind the times 落后于時代 from time to time 間或，偶爾 kill time 消磨時光 take ones time沉住氣，慢慢來in time of在時候 have a good/wonderful time玩的高興 time and time again再三，一遍又一遍 at a time一次 pete in 參加比賽 compete with/against sb.（for sth.）與競賽（競爭）eg.A tot

32、al of twenty athletes competes in the shot put.一共有二十名運動員參加了鉛球比賽。Twenty girls competed in the race.二十位姑娘參加了賽跑。Several companies are competing against/with each other for the contract.幾家公司正為爭取一項合同而相互競爭。This is the horse that has competed in the Grand National four times.這就是參加過四次英國大賽馬的馬。*competition n.

33、比賽，競賽 He came first in the poetry competition.他獲詩歌比賽第一名。We are in competition with several other companies for the contact.我們與另幾家公司角逐爭取這項合同。She took the second place in the beauty competition.她在選美比賽中獲得了第二名。*competitorn.競爭者，比賽者competitiveadj.比賽的，競爭的，不亞于或超過他人的 The firm has better products than its com

34、petitors.這公司的產(chǎn)品比其對手的好。Our firm is no longer competitive in world markets.我們公司在世界市場上已不占優(yōu)勢。15.tie v.綁，系；打成平局*tie to 把和系在一起 tie（with sb.）與（另一參加者）得分相同 tie sb.up 捆綁某人；纏住某人使之無暇顧及他事 tie sth.up 捆或扎某物，難以動用（資金）The prisoners hands were tied back.犯人的手被綁在身后。He tied his dog to a big tree.他把狗栓在一棵大樹上。The two teams

35、tied（with each other）.這兩個隊不分勝負。I tied up the parcel.我捆好了包裹。Most of the moneys tied up in property.他大部分資金都投在房地產(chǎn)上無法動用。The thieves left the night-watchman tied up and gagged.竊賊把夜班守衛(wèi)員捆住，把他的嘴也堵住了。Im tied up in a meeting until 3pm.我開會直到三點鐘方可離開。*tien.領帶，連接物，束縛，平局 Each team scored twice and the game ended i

36、n a tie.每個隊都有兩次得分，比賽不分勝負。The firm has ties with an American corporation.該公司與美國一家公司有關系。He was wearing a white shirt and a red tie.他身穿白色襯衫，戴著一條紅色領帶 Pets can be a tie when you want to go away on holiday.要想外出渡假時，寵物會成為牽累。16.join指參加某個組織或團體，成為其中一員join（sb.）in sth./doing sth.指參加活動或比賽，多用于日?？谡Z。attend 正式用語，及物動詞

37、，指參加會議或儀式（如婚禮、葬禮、典禮等；上學、上課、聽報告等）take part in 指參加會議或群眾性活動等，強調(diào)參加這一活動的人在此項活動中所起的作用go in for 指參加某項比賽、活動、考試等；還有“愛好”的意思。enter for指報名參加某項比賽 Will you join me in a walk?你和我一起去散步好嗎？The teacher joined them in the experiment.老師和他們一起做實驗。Almost all the class teams joined in the basketball match.我校幾乎所有的班隊都參加了這次籃球賽

38、。How many people entered for the competition?有多少人報名參加比賽？Jack has gone in for the high-jump,but I dont think he has a chance to win.杰克去參加跳高比賽了，但我覺得他獲勝機會很小。He goes in for gymnastics.他喜歡體操。We will take part in social activities during the summer vacation.我們暑假期間將參加社會活動。Hell attend an important meeting t

39、omorrow.他明天要參加一個重要的會議 They didnt attend the wedding.他們沒參加婚禮。He attended school at the age of six.他六歲上學。My wish is to join the army after graduation.我的愿望是畢業(yè)后參軍。Her husband joined her in her search for this unknown radiation.她丈夫和她一起尋找這種不知名的射線。17.Why not?Why dont you?為什么不？這兩種句式都是向?qū)Ψ教岢鲋腋婊蚪ㄗh，前者是后者的省略形式，所

40、以后接動詞時不帶to如：It looks like rain.Why not take a raincoat?快要下雨了，你為什么不帶件雨衣呢？Since you have to stay at home,why dont you do some reading?既然你必須呆在家里，為什么不讀點書呢？另外，Why not?也可以單獨使用，表示“為什么不行？”“好啊”“請別客氣”eg.-You shouldnt go out with me.-Why not?“你不該跟我出去?！薄盀槭裁床恍校俊?Lets go to the cinema.-Why not?“我們?nèi)タ措娪鞍??！薄昂冒?。（為什么?/p>

41、呢?）”注：Why+不帶to的不定式用來表示某動作沒有必要或意義。如：Why argue with him?Hell never change his mind.為什么要跟他爭論？他永遠也不會改變看法的。-Lets go to a movie after work,OK?-_.（2005全國高考山東卷）A.Not at all B.Why not?C.Never mind.D.What of it?分析:Not at all用來回答Thank you;Never mind.用來回答道歉;What of it?=So what?表示“那又有什么重要的?”;Why not?“為什么不呢”表示非常同

42、意對方.根據(jù)句意應選B,表示同意對方的建議.在選擇交際用語時要注意說話的情景及說話者的真正含義.-How about putting some pictures into the report?-_.A picture is worth a thousand words.（2005全國高考江蘇卷）A.No way.B.Why not?C.All right？D.No matter.分析：前者問對方在報告中插入一些圖畫如何，后者回答一副畫能抵得上一千個單詞，說明后者非常贊同前者的提議No way 表示拒絕對方要求的應答，No matter表示“沒關系，不要緊，沒什么大不了的”，All right

43、表示“行嗎？合適嗎”，顯示說話者的語氣不確定所以只有B選項Why not?含有鼓勵和贊同的意思，符合句意答案：B 18.prepare vt.vi.準備*prepare sth.準備某物 prepare for sth.為某事做準備 prepare to do sth.準備做某事 prepare sb.for sth./to do sth.使某人準備好做某事 be(well)prepared for sth./to do sth.為做某事做好了準備*preparation n.in preparation for（介詞短語)為做準備 make preparations for 為做準備 She

44、 bought a new coat in preparation for winter.她買了一件新外衣準備過冬。We have made preparations for the coming exam.我們已為即將到來的考試作了準備。高考題例：-Whats that terrible noise?-The neighbors _ for a party.(2004全國高考北京卷)A.have preparedB.are preparing C.prepare D.will prepare 分析：根據(jù)“Whats that terrible noise？”（那亂哄哄的聲音是怎么回事），可知“鄰居們正在為開一個派隊而做準備”答案：B