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1、,,中外電視綜藝節(jié)目模式創(chuàng)意比較 Comparison of Chinese and Overseas Variety Show Formats,趙亞男 Yanan Zhao 2015.11.24,,,概要 outline,節(jié)目模式與全球電視競(jìng)爭(zhēng) Program formats and global competition,,韓國(guó)創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)意 Ideas of innovation program formats in South Korea,,歐美創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)意 Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.,,國(guó)內(nèi)創(chuàng)新

2、節(jié)目模式的生產(chǎn) Domestic production of innovation program formats,,節(jié)目模式創(chuàng)新機(jī)制的構(gòu)建與完善 Construction and improvement of Innovation mechanism of program formats,,,,節(jié)目模式與全球電視競(jìng)爭(zhēng) Program formats and global competition,,,,節(jié)目模式與全球電視競(jìng)爭(zhēng) Program formats and global competition,,1. 節(jié)目模式program formats： *系列電視節(jié)目框架的書(shū)面材料；其規(guī)定主角做

3、什么，并且在每一集中哪些框架將被不斷重復(fù)。 *The writen materials of the frames of a series of TV programs which stipulate the role of protagonists and the repitition of certain frames in every episode. 美國(guó)作家協(xié)會(huì)（1960） Authors Guild (1960),,,節(jié)目模式與全球電視競(jìng)爭(zhēng) Program formats and global competition,,1. 節(jié)目模式pro

4、gram formats： 對(duì)節(jié)目的具體樣式節(jié)目形式和內(nèi)容的各種基本組成元素的組合設(shè)計(jì)版式進(jìn)行的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化提煉。在電視作為文化工業(yè)的生產(chǎn)流程當(dāng)中，經(jīng)過(guò)提煉后的節(jié)目模式可成為電視節(jié)目生產(chǎn)流水線(xiàn)上的某一種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化生產(chǎn)的樣板。 Standard extraction of the specific mode of programs, including the combination of the basic elements of the form and content of programs. Program formats can be the standard mode in TV progra

5、m production line in TV industry. 袁靖華（2010） Jinghua Yuan (2010),,,節(jié)目模式與全球電視競(jìng)爭(zhēng) Program formats and global competition,,2. 節(jié)目模式的一般組成要素： general elements of program formats： 結(jié)構(gòu)樣式、編排樣式、風(fēng)格樣式、表現(xiàn)形式的樣式、定位、題材取向等。 Patterns of structure, layout, style, expression, and target audience, t

6、hemes, etc. 優(yōu)秀節(jié)目的節(jié)目模式一般具有較強(qiáng)的示范意義和市場(chǎng)引領(lǐng)價(jià)值。 Successful program formats usually have guiding significance and market leading value.,,,節(jié)目模式與全球電視競(jìng)爭(zhēng) Program formats and global competition,,3. 模式創(chuàng)意與電視產(chǎn)業(yè)： program formats innovation and TV industry： 創(chuàng)新是電視文化產(chǎn)業(yè)的推動(dòng)力。各類(lèi)創(chuàng)新的電視節(jié)目模式往往 Innovation is the driven force

7、of TV culture industry. All the successful innovative program formats always have the following features （1）或融合了時(shí)下最受人們關(guān)注的話(huà)題 （1）they either include recent hot issues in the society （2）或契合了時(shí)下觀(guān)眾最需要滿(mǎn)足的收視心理 （2）or meet psychological needs of the audience,,,節(jié)目模式與全球電視競(jìng)爭(zhēng) Program formats and global competitio

8、n,,3. 模式創(chuàng)意與電視產(chǎn)業(yè)： program formats innovation and TV industry： （3）或體現(xiàn)了站在社會(huì)時(shí)代發(fā)展前沿的創(chuàng)新理念 （3）or have cutting-edge innovation idea in the development of society （4）或代表了流行文化的時(shí)尚潮流等 （4）or represent the recent fashion trend, etc.,,,節(jié)目模式與全球電視競(jìng)爭(zhēng) Program formats and global competition,,3. 模式創(chuàng)意與電視產(chǎn)業(yè)： program for

9、mats innovation and TV industry： 思考：節(jié)目模式標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化與創(chuàng)新性的關(guān)系？ Q: The relationship between the standardization and innovation of program formats?,,,節(jié)目模式與全球電視競(jìng)爭(zhēng) Program formats and global competition,,3. 模式創(chuàng)意與電視產(chǎn)業(yè)： program formats innovation and TV industry： 節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)新一旦取得成功，有時(shí)會(huì)導(dǎo)致系列化節(jié)目的復(fù)制生產(chǎn)，甚至產(chǎn)生同行仿制現(xiàn)象。從電視產(chǎn)業(yè)整體發(fā)展的宏

10、觀(guān)視角來(lái)看，節(jié)目模式的仿制是電視文化產(chǎn)業(yè)獲得規(guī)模效應(yīng)的必然過(guò)程。 Once one innotative program format succeeds, it sometimes may lead to the duplication of a series of programs, or even peer copy. From the macro perspective of the overall development of TV industry, the duplication of program formats is inevitable to obtain scale ef

11、fect.,,,節(jié)目模式與全球電視競(jìng)爭(zhēng) Program formats and global competition,,3. 模式創(chuàng)意與電視產(chǎn)業(yè)： program formats innovation and TV industry： 規(guī)模效應(yīng)的前提：完善對(duì)創(chuàng)意模式的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)，并提供實(shí)現(xiàn)創(chuàng)意模式產(chǎn)權(quán)交易的市場(chǎng)。 The premise of scale effect:improving the system of intellectual property rights protection of innovation formats, and providing the platfor

12、m for the trading of the proterty of innovation formats. 一種被認(rèn)可的流行節(jié)目模式往往被全球各地的電視節(jié)目市場(chǎng)追捧，模式的原創(chuàng)者可以獲得巨額的模式版權(quán)收益。 A widely accepted program format is usually popularized among the worldwide TV program markets, and the format originators will get huge profits because of the copyright.,,,韓國(guó)創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)意 Ideas of

13、 innovation program formats in South Korea,,,,,1.發(fā)展環(huán)境： （1）政策背景policy support： 1998年韓國(guó)總統(tǒng)金大中上任后提出了“文化立國(guó)”的戰(zhàn)略 the then South Korean president Kim Dae-jung proposed the policy of Strategies for Culture Orientated National Development in 1998 （2）政府資金支持financial support from the government （3）機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)置支持organ

14、izational support （4）人才培養(yǎng)支持personnel training support 陳艷平，盛 輝，人民論壇 (2014) Yanping Chen, Hui Sheng, Peoples Tribune (2014),韓國(guó)創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)意 Ideas of innovation program formats in South Korea,,,,,韓國(guó)創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)意 Ideas of innovation program formats in South Korea,,2.個(gè)案解析case study： （1）Runni

15、ng Man 游戲設(shè)定：成員與嘉賓 先前往各個(gè)任務(wù)地點(diǎn)進(jìn)行前 期任務(wù)，由勝出的隊(duì)伍或個(gè) 人獲得對(duì)最終任務(wù)有利之提 示或權(quán)力，最后在最終任務(wù) 地點(diǎn)完成最終任務(wù) Game rules: 7 members and guests need to complete pre-tasks, those who win in this stage will get priviledge in the stage of final task. Finally, they need to complete the final mission.,,,,韓國(guó)創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)意 Ideas of innov

16、ation program formats in South Korea,,2.個(gè)案解析case study： （1）Running Man 優(yōu)秀的主持和創(chuàng)作團(tuán)隊(duì) wonderful hosts and program producing team a. 主持群職業(yè)、相貌、個(gè)人 角色定位 occupation, appearance, role of the hosts b. 在各種條件下攝像機(jī)跟蹤 拍攝 one-on-one filming under all circumstances c. 后期剪輯 post-editing,,,,韓國(guó)創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)意 Ideas of

17、 innovation program formats in South Korea,,2.個(gè)案解析case study： （1）Running Man 嘉賓明星效應(yīng) guests are celebrities 旅游宣傳 tourist spots advertising,,,,韓國(guó)創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)意 Ideas of innovation program formats in South Korea,,2.個(gè)案解析case study： （1）Running Man 內(nèi)容創(chuàng)新與回顧相結(jié)合 the combination of creation and retrospec

18、t 游戲獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)誘人，懲罰有趣 attractive reward and interesting punishment,,,,韓國(guó)創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)意 Ideas of innovation program formats in South Korea,,2.個(gè)案解析case study： （1）Running Man 標(biāo)志性符號(hào) unique symbols 與粉絲互動(dòng)、公益性 the interaction with fans and the donation of prize,,,,韓國(guó)創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)意 Ideas of innovation program fo

19、rmats in South Korea,,2.個(gè)案解析case study： （1）Running Man 視頻分析觀(guān)看 Running Man 151025 李光洙雪恥復(fù)仇,,,,韓國(guó)創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)意 Ideas of innovation program formats in South Korea,,2.個(gè)案解析case study： （1）Running Man VS 奔跑吧兄弟,,,,韓國(guó)創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)意 Ideas of innovation program formats in South Korea,,2.個(gè)案解析case study： （2）韓版爸爸！我們?nèi)ツ膬?VS

20、 中國(guó)版爸爸去哪兒,,,,歐美創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)意 Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.,,,,,1. 節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)作理念： creative ideas of program formats： （1）專(zhuān)業(yè)理念源自電視市場(chǎng)分工專(zhuān)業(yè)化 （1）idea of specializationoriginated from the specialization of market division 具體來(lái)說(shuō)，它意味著為制播分離、頻道專(zhuān)業(yè)化、制作的專(zhuān)業(yè)化分工 Specifically, it means Commission syst

21、em (the separation of fabrication and transmission) , channel specialization and specialized production of programs.,歐美創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)意 Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.,,,,,,歐美創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)意 Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.,,1. 節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)作理念： creative ideas of program fo

22、rmats： 制播分離Commission system (the separation of fabrication and transmission): 圍繞電視播出平臺(tái)，有大量節(jié)目制作公司通過(guò)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，優(yōu)勝劣汰，為電視節(jié)目的播出平臺(tái)提供各類(lèi)優(yōu)質(zhì)新節(jié)目。 Based on the rule of survival of the fittest, plenty of program production companies provide varied kinds of high quality new programs for TV program broadcast platforms.,,

23、歐美創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)意 Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.,,,,,,歐美創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)意 Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.,,1. 節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)作理念： creative ideas of program formats： 頻道專(zhuān)業(yè)化和產(chǎn)業(yè)化： Channel specialization and industrialization: 不同的頻道都在各自的市場(chǎng)專(zhuān)屬領(lǐng)域當(dāng)中尋找自己的受眾需求市場(chǎng),滿(mǎn)足受眾的多元需求。 Different c

24、hannels find their own target audience in their own specialized fields to meet different needs of the audience.,歐美創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)意 Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.,,,,,,歐美創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)意 Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.,,1. 節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)作理念： creative ideas of program formats

25、： 制作過(guò)程的專(zhuān)業(yè)化specialization of producing process 專(zhuān)業(yè)主義的嚴(yán)格自我要求，有價(jià)值追求和原則性的規(guī)范。 Strict self-discipline over specialization, strict code of value pursuit principle building.,歐美創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)意 Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.,,,,,,歐美創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)意 Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U

26、.S.,,1. 節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)作理念： creative ideas of program formats： （2）勇于突破創(chuàng)作理念 （2）courageous breakthrough of existing works 也就是說(shuō)，不是到了節(jié)目播出之后才展開(kāi)收視競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，而是在策劃層面、創(chuàng)意層面就開(kāi)始了激烈的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。 That is to say, fierce competition begins in the early stage of program planning and creating, rather than after the program is go on the air.

27、,歐美創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)意 Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.,,,,,,歐美創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)意 Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.,,1. 節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)作理念： creative ideas of program formats： （3）創(chuàng)新節(jié)目形式innovating program forms同樣的故事，不同的呈現(xiàn)方式。same story, different presenting modes. 如 通過(guò)對(duì)已有的多類(lèi)節(jié)目模式進(jìn)行重新整合，創(chuàng)

28、造出全新模式， 或?qū)⒘餍械恼嫒诵隳Ｊ郊藿拥絺鹘y(tǒng)的節(jié)目類(lèi)型當(dāng)中， 或在節(jié)目細(xì)節(jié)、演播室功能設(shè)置等方面進(jìn)行創(chuàng)新 e.g.reuniting different existing program formats to create a brand new format, or implanting the popular format of reality shows into traditional programs, or innovating upon program details, the function of studios...,歐美創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)意 Ideas of inno

29、vation program formats in Europe and U.S.,,,,,,歐美創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)意 Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.,,1. 節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)作理念： creative ideas of program formats： （4）精益求精的態(tài)度the attitude of pursuit of perfection 對(duì)鏡頭畫(huà)面的選擇與處理，剪輯技巧，音響效果處理等追求完美，一絲不茍。 Pursuing of perfection with respect to the selection

30、 and handling of image, kills for editing and handling acoustic effects, etc.,歐美創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)意 Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.,,,,,,歐美創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)意 Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.,,2. 個(gè)案解析case study： （1）真人秀類(lèi)節(jié)目模式program formats of reality shows 新婚夫婦大考驗(yàn)Here come

31、the newlyweds 公司company：ABC 節(jié)目介紹：主要通過(guò)真人秀的表現(xiàn)形 式真實(shí)展示兩性關(guān)系的種種話(huà)題，男女之 間的不同，每對(duì)夫妻都要面臨的問(wèn)題等等。 Program introduction: displaying all kinds of topics between both genders, the differences between male and female, the questions that every couple will face, etc.,歐美創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)意 Ideas of innovation program formats

32、 in Europe and U.S.,,,,,歐美創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)意 Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.,,2. 個(gè)案解析case study： 新婚夫婦大考驗(yàn) Here come the newlyweds 分析analysis： a. 真人秀元素的重新組合reuniting the elements of reality shows a) 測(cè)試（心理測(cè)試、情感測(cè)試、關(guān)系測(cè)試）+游戲+競(jìng)賽 a) test (psychological test, emotional test, relationship

33、 test)+game+competition b) 談話(huà)+游戲+個(gè)性展示 conversation+game+personality display c) 心理談話(huà)+隱私故事 psychological conversation+privacy story,歐美創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)意 Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.,,,,,歐美創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)意 Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.,,2. 個(gè)案解析case study： 新婚夫婦大考驗(yàn)

34、Here come the newlyweds b. 參與者的選擇強(qiáng)調(diào)并突出戲劇性，矛盾沖突和懸念設(shè)置巧妙而集中 b. typical and dramatic participants, skillful and centered conflicts and suspense c. 游戲的娛樂(lè)性與教益性兼而有之 c. the games are both entertaining and enlightening,歐美創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)意 Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.,,,,,,歐美創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)意 I

35、deas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.,,2. 個(gè)案解析case study： （2）室內(nèi)游戲娛樂(lè)類(lèi)節(jié)目模式entertaining program formats of indoors gaming 穿墻Hole in the wall 節(jié)目介紹：參賽者佩戴頭盔、 護(hù)肘和護(hù)膝，在幾秒鐘的時(shí)間內(nèi) 做出反應(yīng)，使自己順利穿墻，否則 被墻推入身后的水中。 Program introduction: wearing helmet, elbow support and kneecap, participants have

36、a few seconds to make himself go through the wall, or they will be pulled into the pool behind.,歐美創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)意 Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.,,,,,,歐美創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)意 Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.,,2. 個(gè)案解析case study： 穿墻Hole in the wall 分析analysis: a. 現(xiàn)場(chǎng)觀(guān)眾與場(chǎng)內(nèi)選

37、手互動(dòng)，狂 歡式娛樂(lè)氛圍 the interaction between audience and participants to create carnival styleatomosphere b. 選手的戲劇效果 dramatic effect of participants c. 墻洞的無(wú)窮變化 unpredictable change of the hole,歐美創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)意 Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.,,,,,,歐美創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)意 Ideas of innovation pr

38、ogram formats in Europe and U.S.,,2. 個(gè)案解析case study： （3）復(fù)合型的生活服務(wù)類(lèi)節(jié)目模式 improving the quality of family lifesyle program formats 蕾切爾蕾Rachael Ray 節(jié)目介紹：日間談話(huà)節(jié)目，提供各類(lèi)家居生活服務(wù)。 Program introduction: a talk show aims to improve the quality of family lifestyle 湖北衛(wèi)視家政女皇,歐美創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)意 Ideas of innovation

39、 program formats in Europe and U.S.,,,,,,歐美創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)意 Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.,,2. 個(gè)案解析case study： 蕾切爾蕾Rachael Ray 分析analysis a. 談話(huà)空間具有典型的家居氣氛， 自然體現(xiàn)了“為女性家庭生活服 務(wù)” 的節(jié)目宗旨 the setting has typical family atmosphere, indicating the priciple of for womens family life

40、b. 觀(guān)眾被角色化的安排進(jìn)了節(jié)目?jī)?nèi)容 the audience is characterized and arranged into the show,歐美創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)意 Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.,,,,,國(guó)內(nèi)創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的生產(chǎn) Domestic production of innovation program formats,,,,,,歐美創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)意 Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.,,1. 節(jié)目模式整合式創(chuàng)新 inte

41、grated innovation of program formats 主題，題材，受眾，結(jié)構(gòu)安排等 subject, theme, target audience, structure, etc. 融合中外文化資源 combining Chinese and overseas culture into the program,歐美創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)意 Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.,,國(guó)內(nèi)創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的生產(chǎn) Domestic production of innovation program formats,,,

42、,,,歐美創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)意 Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.,,2. 個(gè)案解析case study: （1）天天向上 Tian Tian Xiang Shang 節(jié)目介紹： program introduction： 禮儀娛樂(lè)綜藝脫口秀，傳播中華傳統(tǒng)美德與禮儀風(fēng)范 an entertainment talk show about etiquette, spreding Chinese traditional virtues and etiquette,歐美創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)意 Ideas of inno

43、vation program formats in Europe and U.S.,,國(guó)內(nèi)創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的生產(chǎn) Domestic production of innovation program formats,,,,,,歐美創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)意 Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.,,2. 個(gè)案解析case study: (1)天天向上Tian Tian Xiang Shang 分析analysis： 整合中華文化資源，實(shí)現(xiàn)禮儀文化的 娛樂(lè)化表達(dá)adding Chinese culture element into t

44、he program, expressing traditional etiquette in a recreational way 社會(huì)服務(wù)內(nèi)涵提升品位upgrading the taste of entertainment programs with the theme of serving the public “國(guó)際”“時(shí)尚”等元素，復(fù)合型節(jié)目integreted program with international, fashionable elements,歐美創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的創(chuàng)意 Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and

45、 U.S.,,國(guó)內(nèi)創(chuàng)新節(jié)目模式的生產(chǎn) Domestic production of innovation program formats,,,,,節(jié)目模式創(chuàng)新機(jī)制的構(gòu)建與完善 Construction and improvement of Innovation mechanism of program formats,,,,節(jié)目模式創(chuàng)新機(jī)制的構(gòu)建與完善 Construction and improvement of Innovation mechanism of program formats,,節(jié)目模式創(chuàng)意的研發(fā) research of program format,節(jié)目模式創(chuàng)意的成品化 p

46、roducing of program format,知識(shí)版權(quán)和產(chǎn)品銷(xiāo)售 intellectual copyright and product selling,節(jié)目播出 program broadcasting,觀(guān)眾收看 the audience tune in to the program,,,節(jié)目模式創(chuàng)新機(jī)制的構(gòu)建與完善 Construction and improvement of Innovation mechanism of program formats,,1.知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù) Intellectual copyright protection 2.原創(chuàng)性節(jié)目 Originality of programs 3.產(chǎn)業(yè)化發(fā)展 Industrial development,,,參考文獻(xiàn)Reference Robin Meadow. 1970: Television Formats-The Search for Protections. 58 Cal. L. Rev. p1169. 陳艷平, 盛 輝. 從韓國(guó)文化立國(guó)戰(zhàn)略看國(guó)家軟實(shí)力的提升EB/OL. 人民論壇, 2014-4-11, 2015年11月4日訪(fǎng)問(wèn). 袁靖華. 電視節(jié)目模式創(chuàng)意M. 北京: 中國(guó)廣播電視出版社, 2010.,