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I 4座微型客貨兩用車設(shè)計(jì)（離合器及操縱機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)） 摘 要 離合器是直接連接發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)和傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)中的總成之一.他主要包含主動(dòng)部分,從 動(dòng)部分,壓緊機(jī)構(gòu)和操縱機(jī)構(gòu)等四部分. 主動(dòng)部分,從動(dòng)部分和壓緊機(jī)構(gòu)是保證離合器處于接合狀態(tài)并能傳遞動(dòng)力的 基本結(jié)構(gòu).操作機(jī)構(gòu)是使離合器分離的機(jī)構(gòu).正是這四部分機(jī)構(gòu)之間相互協(xié)調(diào)配合,已 達(dá)到汽車起步時(shí)將發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)與傳動(dòng)系平順地接合,換檔式將發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)與傳動(dòng)系分離,減 少變速箱內(nèi)齒輪的沖擊. 本次設(shè)計(jì)主要對(duì)4微型座客貨兩用車的離合器進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)。首先對(duì)離合器進(jìn)行 了結(jié)構(gòu)上的設(shè)計(jì)，此離合器選用的是膜片彈簧推式離合器。結(jié)構(gòu)和方式選定后對(duì) 此方案進(jìn)行了計(jì)算，主要計(jì)算內(nèi)容如下： 摩擦片主要參數(shù)的選擇 膜片彈簧主要參數(shù)的選擇 摩擦片基本參數(shù)的優(yōu)化 扭轉(zhuǎn)減振器設(shè)計(jì) 離合器踏板行程及踏板力的計(jì)算 從動(dòng)盤總成的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算與參數(shù)選擇 關(guān)鍵詞：離合器，摩擦片，膜片彈簧，操縱機(jī)構(gòu) 車輛與動(dòng)力工程學(xué)院畢業(yè)說明書 II 4 MICRO- DUAL-USE CAR DESIGN (CLUTCH AND THE MANIPULATION OF BODY DESIGN) ABSTRACT Clutch is directly connected to the engine and transmission system in one of the assembly. He mainly includes part of the initiative, part of the driven, pinched agencies and institutions, such as manipulation of four parts. Part of the initiative, pinched and driven some institutions in the clutch engagement is to ensure that state power and to convey the basic structure. Clutch operation is to separate bodies of the institutions. It is precisely this four-part mutual coordination and cooperation between agencies, have reached the car at the start Engine and transmission system will smooth the joint, transmission and engine-transmission system will be separated to reduce the impact of gear in the gearbox. The design of the four major micro-Block dual-use car the clutch design. First a clutch of structural design, this is the choice of clutch diaphragm spring push-type clutch. Structure and approach selected this option were calculated mainly calculated as follows: Friction main parameters of the choice of films Diaphragm spring main parameters of choice The basic parameters of friction-optimized Reversing the shock absorber design Clutch pedal and the itinerary of the calculation Assembly-driven computing and the design parameters KEY WORD: clutch, friction films, silent spring, the manipulation of body 車輛與動(dòng)力工程學(xué)院畢業(yè)說明書 III 目 錄 第一章 緒 論...........................................1 1.1 選題的目的. ....................................1 1.2 離合器發(fā)展歷史.................................1 1.3 離合器概述......................................2 1.3.1 離合器的功用................................3 1.3.2 現(xiàn)代汽車離合器應(yīng)滿足的要求.................. 3 1.3.3 離合器工作原理............................4 1.3.4 推式膜片彈簧離合器的優(yōu)點(diǎn)...................5 1.4 設(shè)計(jì)的預(yù)期成果.................................5 第二章 離合器的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)................................7 2.1 離合器結(jié)構(gòu)選擇與論證............................7 2.1.1 摩擦片的選擇..............................7 2.1.2 壓緊彈簧布置形式的選擇....................7 2.1.3 壓盤的驅(qū)動(dòng)方式.............................8 2.1.4 分離杠桿、分離軸承..........................8 2.1.5 離合器的散熱通風(fēng)..........................9 2.1.6 從動(dòng)盤總成................................9 2.2 離合器結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)的要點(diǎn)..........................10 2.3 離合器主要零件的設(shè)計(jì).........................11 2.3.1 從動(dòng)盤.....................................11 2.3.2 摩擦片.....................................11 2.3.3 膜片彈簧...... ..........................12 2.3.4 壓盤....................................12 2.3.5 離合器蓋...............................12 2.4 本章小結(jié)...................................13 第三章 離合器的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算及說明........................14 3.1 離合器設(shè)計(jì)所需數(shù)據(jù)...........................14 3.2 摩擦片主要參數(shù)的選擇...........................14 車輛與動(dòng)力工程學(xué)院畢業(yè)說明書 IV 3.2.1 后備系數(shù) .................................14 3.2.2 摩擦片的外徑...........................15 3.2.3 摩擦片的摩擦因數(shù)...........................16 3.2.4 單位壓力 ...............................160P 3.3 摩擦片基本參數(shù)的優(yōu)化............................17 3.4 膜片彈簧主要參數(shù)的選擇........................19 3.4.1 比較 H/h 的選擇.............................19 3.4.2 R/r 選擇..................................20 3.4.3 圓錐底角..................................20 3.4.4 切槽寬度...................................20 3.4.5 壓盤加載點(diǎn)半徑和支承環(huán)加載點(diǎn)半徑的確定. ...20 3.4.6 公差與精度...............................20 3.5 扭轉(zhuǎn)減振器設(shè)計(jì).............................20 3.6 減震彈簧設(shè)計(jì)..................................21 3.7 操縱機(jī)構(gòu)形式選擇...........................23 3.8 離合器踏板行程計(jì)算...........................24 3.9 踏板力的計(jì)算.................................25 3.10 從動(dòng)盤總成............................26 3.10.1 從動(dòng)盤的結(jié)構(gòu)組成與選型........ .......26 3.10.2 從動(dòng)盤總成設(shè)計(jì)............................26 3.11 本章小節(jié).......................................33 第四章 結(jié)論..........................................34 參考文獻(xiàn)...............................................35 致謝..................................................36