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1、英語的簡單句有五種基本句型： 主＋謂；主＋謂＋賓；主＋系＋表；主＋謂＋間賓＋直賓；主＋謂＋直賓＋賓補。 掌握這五種基本句型，是掌握各種英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)的基礎(chǔ)。 Friend Bettyisone of my best friends.She is slim and has short hair. Betty is generous.She is willing to share things with her friends. Sheisalsohelpfulandreadytohelppeopleanytime.Shehelpsmewithmyhomeworkan

2、dshealwaysgivesherseatonthebustosomeoneinneed.Bettyhasagoodvoice.Shewantstobea singer whenshegrowsup. My best friend is Max. He is the tallest boy in our class-almost 1.75 metres. Hewearssmall,roundglasses.Theymakehimlooksmart.Maxhasagoodsenseofhumour.Hetellsfunnyjokesandalwaysmakesmelaugh.Ineverf

3、eelboredwithhim.Max’slegsareverylong.Theydonotfitwellunderhisdesk.Whenhewalkspastourdesks,heoftenknocksourbooksandpensontothefloor.Maxissointeresting! Mayismybestfriend.SheisshorterthanIam.Shehasbig,brighteyesandlong,straighthair.Everyonethinkssheispretty. Mayissweet.Shesmilesoftenandneversaysabad

4、wordaboutanyone. Mayisatruefriend.Whensomethingworriesme,Icanalwaysgotoher.Icantellheranythingbecauseshecankeepasecret. 1. Betty is one of my best friends. 貝蒂是我最好的朋友之一。 one of +復(fù)數(shù)，……之一，one of +形物/the + adj.最高級+名詞復(fù)數(shù)，意為“最……之一” one of the biggest countries最大的國家之一

5、 one of his best paintings他最好的作品之一 翻譯：李雷是我們班最高的男生之一。 馬鈴薯是我最喜歡的蔬菜之一。 2. She is willing to share things with her friends.她愿意和她的朋友們分享東西。 be willing to do sth. 愿意做某事=be ready to do sth share sth. with sb.和某人分享某物 翻譯：杰克樂意幫我打掃房子。 她總是和我們分享她的故事書。 3. She always gives her seat on th

6、e bus to someone in need. 她總是在公共汽車上把座位讓給有需要的人。 give one’s seat to sb.給某人讓座 someone in need 有需要的人 (be) in (great) need of sth. (急)需要某物 翻譯： 鮑勃經(jīng)常幫助那些有需要的人。 這個貧困家庭急需要錢。 4. She wants to be a singer when she grows up.她長大后想成為一名歌手。 when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句（if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句）通常用一般現(xiàn)在時表示一般將來時，主句常用一般將來時，即“

7、主將從現(xiàn)”。 翻譯： 如果明天不下雨，他將去釣魚。 爸爸沒告訴我他什么時候來。當他來時，我會給你打電話。 1. 形容詞 (1) 形容詞的比較級 一般： 1） 大多數(shù)形容詞后加-er/-est clever---cleverer----cleverest 2） 以不發(fā)音字母e結(jié)尾的形容詞加-r/-st fine---finer----finest 3） 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾，先把y改成i，然后再加-er/-est healthy---healthier----healthiest(happy,sunny,easy,heavy,busy,early

8、,lucky....) 4） 以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的形容詞，先雙寫最后一個輔音字母，然后再加-er/-est big--bigger---biggest(fat,sad,wet,red,thin,slim,hot....) 5） 部分雙音節(jié)單詞和多音節(jié)單詞，在原級前加more/most lovely--more lovely--most lovely (slowly,tired,interesting,famous,beautiful,important.....) 不一般： 原級 比較級 最高級 good / well better best bad / ill wo

9、rse worst many / much more most little less least far farther, further farther, further old older, elder oldest, eldest （2） 比較級前的修飾語 still, even, any, quite(a bit), almost, nearly, just, rather；a little, a bit；much, a lot, far, many （3）形容詞的比較等級—常見句型 ① A=B A+ V + as + adj./adv.

10、+ as + B （與。。。一樣） He is as tall as I/me. 他和我一樣高。 He is as good a teacher as his father.他和他的父親一樣是個好教師。 ② A≠ B A + V + not + as/so + adj./adv. + as + B （與。。。不一樣） They didn’t do as much work as you did. 他們干得事沒有你多。 I’ve never seen as old a car as this.我從來沒有見過像這樣舊的車。 ③ A > B 或A < B A

11、 + V + 比較級 + than + B （比。。。<更>。。。） Tom is two years older than his brother. 湯姆比他的弟弟大兩歲。 Our classroom is bigger than theirs. 我們的教室比他們的大。 ④ 表示倍數(shù) A + V + twice/four times/… + as + adj./adv. + as + B（A是B的兩倍/四倍/…） This room is twice as large as that one. 整個房間是那房間的兩倍大。 The earth is 49 times a

12、s big as the moon.地球是月球的49倍大。 ⑤ 表示程度的遞增 主語 + V + 比較級+ and+比較級 (…越來越…) 主語 + V + more and more+ +adj./adv. (…越來越…) The days are getting shorter and shorter.白天變得越來越長了。 Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.我們的國家變得越來越美了。 ⑥ 表示兩種情況同時變化 The+ 比較級+ 主語+ V + …，the+ 比較級+ 主語+ V +

13、 …(…越…越…) The more we get together, the happier we’ll be.=If we get together more, we’ll be happier. 我們聚得越多，我們就會越高興。 The harder you study, the better you’ll be at English.= If you study harder, you’ll be better at English. 你學習越努力，你的英語成績越好。 ⑦ 主語+ be +one of the+ 最高級 + n.(pl.) + in/of…

14、 (…是最…之一) Beijing is one of the oldest cities in China.北京是中國最古老的城市之一。 ⑧ 主語+ V。+ the+ 最高級 + in/of… (…最…) Ann studies hardest of all the girls in our class.安妮是我們班學習最用功的學生之一。 ⑨ 主語+ V。+ the+ 比較級 + of the two… (…<兩者中>較…的) Lily is the taller of the twins.莉莉是這兩個雙胞胎中較高的那個。 ⑩ 主語+ V。+

15、 比較級 + than + any other +n. (單數(shù)) + in… (…比任何其他的更…) 主語+ V。+ 比較級 + than + any of the other +n. (復(fù)數(shù)) + in…(…比任何其他的更…) He is taller than any other student in his class.他比他班級中其他的任何學生高。 = He is taller than any of the other students in his class. = He is the tallest students in his class. 11 A+ V

16、 + more/ fewer + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+ than B …(A比B 做更多、更少。。。) A+ V + more/ less + 不可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+ than B …(A比B 做更多、更少。。。) Jhon studies more subjects than Nancy. Jhon比Nancy學更多科目。 Students in the USA have more weeks off in the summertime than British students. 在夏天美國學生比英國學生有更多周不上課。 12. A+ V + the same （size/

17、 colour/ age...）as + B （A與B一樣） My uniform is the same as Simon’s uniform. 我的校服和Simon的校服一樣. Millie’s pencil box is the same size as Amy’s pencil box. 我的鉛筆盒和Amy的鉛筆盒一樣大。 A+ V + different from + B （A與B不一樣） Kitty’s rubber is different from Simon’s rubber. Kitty的橡皮和Simo

18、n的橡皮不一樣。 Try： 一、用所給詞的適當形式填空。 1.This book is not as ________（interest）as that one. 2. Betty looks much __________(slim) than before. 3. Dad, you are carrying the ________ (heavy) bag of the three. 4. Do you think the film is a good one? ---Yes, I think it is the _______ (goo

19、d) film this year. 5. Who is the ______ (busy) in your family? ----My mother is. She is always as _____ (busy) as a bee. 二、單項選擇 6. ----Our school bus will leave at 8 O’clock tomorrow. Don’t be late. ----OK. I’ll be there ten minutes_______. A. sooner B. slower C. faster D. earlier

20、 7. ---How _____ the song sounds! I have never heard a better one. A. beautifully B. sweet C. well D. bad 8. --- I think English is as ______ as maths. --- I agree with you. A. more interesting. B. most interesting C. the most interesting D. interesting 9. My grandpa told a

21、 good story, but I told a ________ one. A. good B. better C. best D. worse 10. _______ careful you are, _______mistakes(錯誤) you’ll make。 A. The more; the fewer B. The fewer; the more C. The more; the more D. The less; the less 11. Of the two skirts, I’d like to choose the _____

22、_ one to save some money for a cap. A. cheapest B. cheaper C. more expensive D. most expensive 12. Shanghai is bigger than _______ in Jiangsu. A. any other city B. any city C. all the other cities D. all the city 13.--- Tom, what do you think of the school? --- Oh, no ot

23、her school is ______ in the city. It’s ______ one. A. better, a better B. the best, the best C. better, the best D. the best, a better 14. ---Helen, can I wear jeans and a T-shirt to the school talent show? --- OK, but a dress might be ________. A. good B. bad C. better D

24、. worse 15. --- Which girl is your cousin, Jacky? --- ______ one of the two is my cousin. She is called Betty. A. The tall B. The tallest C. The better D. A taller 16. Boris has a good brain. In fact, I doubt whether anyone in the class has _____ IQ. A. a high B. a higher

25、 C. the higher D. the highest 17.--- I really like to watch the TV program I AM A SINGER. --- Me, too. It’s one of the ______ TV programs I’ve ever seen. A. more boring B. least interesting C. most boring D. most interesting 18. Mo Yan is one of _______ writers in the world.

26、 A. famous B. more famous C. most famous D. the most famous 19. Which city is_____ like Suzhou, Paris, Sydney_____ London? A. more; and B. much; or C. most; and D. most; or 20. Nanjing isn’t so large ______ Shanghai. However, it’s the second ______ city in East China. A. li

27、ke; largest B. as; largest C. like; large D. as; large 2. One of +adj最高級+n復(fù)數(shù) Eg：XMJ is one of the excellent students in her class. 3. Maybe（adv） 和 may be（情態(tài)+v） may的用法 一、表示許可或征求對方的許可，有“可以”的意思。例如： Youmaygonow.你可以走了。 MayIuseyourcomputer?我用一下你的電腦可以嗎？ 二、回答以may開頭的疑問句有如下表達法：

28、-MayIsmokehere?我可以在這兒抽煙嗎？ -Yes,youmay./Yes,please.請抽吧。 -No,youcant./No,youmustnt./No,youdbetternot.請不要抽煙。 三、表示猜測，通常只用于陳述句。例如： Youmayberight.你可能是對的。 四、在口語中can 可以代替may 表示許可，但can 較隨便，may 更正式。例： Can I use your bike, John? 約翰，我可以用一下你的自行車嗎？ May I have a look at your license please, sir? 先生，我可以看一下你的

29、執(zhí)照嗎？ 4. because 和because of Eg:我們沒做早操，因為下大雨。 5. have problems (in) doing sth 6. 在表示征求意見、希望得到對方肯定答復(fù)的句子（疑問句）里，some/something不需要改成any/anything， ， Do you want () Can I have ()to drink , please? Can I have()more food too? What/How about ()milk? Try: ( )Eddie, can I have _

30、________, please? A. something drinking B. anything to drink C. something to drink D. anything drinking ( )I have a friend __________ Millie. A. call B. to call C. called D. calling ( )I have _____________ to tell you. A.anything interesting B. something in

31、teresting C. interesting nothing D. interesting something ( )I’m hungry, Mum. I want _____ to eat. A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing ( )I want ___ you ____ my English teacher. A .to tell, with B. to tell, about C. telling, about D. telling, to ( )There is a big cake. ______ share it. A. May be we can B. We may be C. Maybe we can D. Maybe can we 18