加工中心自動(dòng)換刀系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)（盤式刀庫設(shè)計(jì)）【含CAD圖紙和說明書】,含CAD圖紙和說明書,加工,中心,自動(dòng),系統(tǒng),設(shè)計(jì),盤式刀庫,cad,圖紙,以及,說明書,仿單 1 目錄 摘 要 ......................................................3 緒論 .........................................................1 1 引言 .......................................................1 1.1 加工中心簡介 ...........................................1 1.1.1 加工中心的發(fā)展簡史 .................................1 1.1.2 加工中心的結(jié)構(gòu)組成 .................................3 1.1.3 加工中心的分類 .....................................4 1.1.4 加工中心的發(fā)展趨勢 .................................8 2 刀庫的類型 ................................................11 2.1 刀庫的類型 ............................................12 2.2 刀庫的結(jié)構(gòu)與傳動(dòng) ......................................15 2.3 刀庫驅(qū)動(dòng)電動(dòng)機(jī)的選定 ..................................18 2.3.1 按負(fù)載轉(zhuǎn)矩選 ......................................18 2.3.2 按加速時(shí)的最大轉(zhuǎn)矩選 ..............................20 2.3.3 校驗(yàn) ..............................................21 2.3.4 分配傳動(dòng)比 ........................................21 3 刀庫傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì) ........................................22 3.1 初定刀套線速度 ........................................22 3.2 刀庫傳動(dòng)方式 ..........................................22 4.1 軸的材料 ..............................................30 4.2 蝸桿軸的初步估算 ......................................30 4.2.1 初步估算軸的最小直徑 ..............................30 4.2.2 選擇聯(lián)軸器 ........................................31 4.2.3 確定滾動(dòng)軸承的類型 ................................32 4.2.4 初步估計(jì)蝸桿軸各段的尺寸 ..........................32 4.3 蝸輪軸的初步估算 ......................................33 4.3.1 初步估算軸的最小直徑 ..............................33 4.3.2 確定軸伸處的最小直徑 ..............................34 4.3.3 確定滾動(dòng)軸承的類型 ................................34 4.3.4 初步估計(jì)蝸輪軸的各段尺寸 ..........................35 4.4 軸徑的設(shè)計(jì)與校核 ......................................35 4.4.1 蝸桿軸 ............................................35 4.4.2 蝸輪軸的計(jì)算 ......................................42 2 5 軸承的校核 ................................................48 5.1 蝸桿軸 ................................................48 5.2 蝸輪軸 ...............................................48 6 其它零部件尺寸的設(shè)計(jì)與計(jì)算 ................................50 6.1 回零減速撞塊尺寸的計(jì)算 ...............................50 6.2 刀盤與刀套的設(shè)計(jì) .....................................51 6.2.1 刀套 .............................................51 6.2.2 刀盤 .............................................52 6.3 刀具（刀座）識(shí)別裝置 .................................52 7 液壓系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì) ............................................54 7.1 液壓缸的載荷組成和計(jì)算 ...............................54 7.2 液壓缸內(nèi)徑以及其它尺寸的確定 .........................54 7.2.1 計(jì)算液壓缸的主要結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸 ..........................55 7.2.2 油缸壁厚的計(jì)算 ...................................56 7.2.3 缸底厚度計(jì)算 .....................................57 7.3 油缸長度 L 的確定 .....................................58 7.4 液壓系統(tǒng)初步設(shè)計(jì) .....................................58 8 PLC 控制 ..................................................60 9 結(jié)論 ......................................................63 10 致 謝 .................................................65 參 考 文 獻(xiàn) .................................................66 3 摘 要 刀庫是自動(dòng)換刀裝置中最主要的部件之一，其容量、布局以及具體 結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)加工中心的設(shè)計(jì)有很大影響。 16 刀刀庫是在小型加工中心應(yīng)用最為廣泛，根據(jù)使用的場合和實(shí) 際運(yùn)用的要求，設(shè)計(jì)了相應(yīng)的 16 刀的圓盤式刀庫，并且對(duì)它的控制進(jìn) 行了一定的研究。 論文首先對(duì) 16 刀刀庫總體設(shè)計(jì)方案進(jìn)行闡述，闡述其各部件的工作 原理，然后就刀庫的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)與控制分章節(jié)對(duì)各個(gè)部分進(jìn)行計(jì)算與設(shè)計(jì)。 刀庫的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)是本文研究的重點(diǎn)，傳動(dòng)部分為蝸桿蝸輪的一種減速裝 置，對(duì)于該裝置中的蝸桿、蝸輪以及相關(guān)的軸都進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的計(jì)算;控 制部分為刀庫送刀部分，由液壓控制和 PLC 控制完成。 關(guān)鍵詞：加工中心，刀庫，蝸桿蝸輪，液壓，PLC。 4 ABSTRACT Tool storage is one of the main components of the automatically-trading- knife installment. Its capacity, position and structure have great influence to the design of the machining centre. 16-tool tool storage is widely used in the machining centre. Based on the situation and requirement the 16-tool used, the disc-style tool storage of the 16-tool is designed and some research about its control is made in this paper. The paper illustrates the design project of the 16-tool tool storage firstly, and then explains its operation principle, and at last calculates and designs the structure and control of the tool storage separately by chapters. The design of the structure of the tool storage is the key point of this research. Driving part is a decelerating set of the worm and worm gear. The sizes of the worm, worm gear and axis are calculated. The control parts are tool storage delivering parts, which is completed by the hydraulic pressure and PLC control. Key words: machining centre, Magazine, worm, worm gear, hydraulic pressure, PLC 5