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攀枝花學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 摘 要 I 摘 要 礦車是煤礦運(yùn)輸中的主要運(yùn)輸機(jī)械,而礦車輪又是礦車的易損部件。目前很 多礦廠對礦車輪的維修還靠人工來進(jìn)行，不僅工作效率低，勞動強(qiáng)度大，而且廢 品率高。隨著在我國礦業(yè)現(xiàn)代化的發(fā)展，這種原始的拆卸方法已不能滿足實(shí)際生 產(chǎn)的需要，各礦廠經(jīng)常因損壞的礦車不能及時(shí)被修好而影響生產(chǎn)。因此，設(shè)計(jì)礦 車輪對拆卸機(jī)具有重要的意義。設(shè)計(jì)中著重進(jìn)行了螺母拆卸機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)、移動夾 持機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)、液壓系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)，同時(shí)對卸輪鉤、傳動齒輪、液壓系統(tǒng)等進(jìn)行了 必要的校核，進(jìn)而實(shí)現(xiàn)了拆卸輪對的功能。 關(guān)鍵詞礦車輪對 拆卸機(jī) 機(jī)械 攀枝花學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) ABSTRACT II ABSTRACT Tub coal truck is the major transport machinery ,mine truck is vulnerable in the most components of mine truck .At present, mine truck wheels were mended by workers ,which resulted in not only low efficiency, labor intensity ,but also the high rejection rate . As the development of our national modern mining industry ,the primitive method of demolition has been unable to meet the demand of production .Due to the frequent damage to the cub ,it has greatly influent on the production .So ,the design of the wheel are demolition machine is of great signification .Design pay more attention on the nuts demolition ,the design of mobile capture ,hydraulic system design simultaneously ,the demolition round hook ,transmission gear ,hydraulic system were cheeked .So ,the function of demolition was realized . Keywords mine right wheels ，demolition machine ，machinery 攀枝花學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 目錄 1 目 錄 摘 要 .................................................................................................................................................I ABSTRACT............................................................................................................................................II 1 緒論 .................................................................................................................................................1 2 部件分析 ........................................................................................................................................2 3 方案分析 ........................................................................................................................................3 3.1 方案分析 ..................................................................................................................................3 3.2 結(jié)構(gòu)總體設(shè)計(jì) .........................................................................................................................3 4 結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................................................................................................4 4.1 螺母拆卸機(jī)構(gòu) ............................................................................................................................4 4.1.1 減速機(jī)的選擇 ...................................................................................................................4 4.1.2 導(dǎo)筒的設(shè)計(jì) .......................................................................................................................5 4.2 卸車輪機(jī)構(gòu) ................................................................................................................................7 4.2.1 拆卸力的計(jì)算 ...................................................................................................................7 4.2.2 卸輪鉤的設(shè)計(jì) ...................................................................................................................8 4.2.3 箱體結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................................................................11 4.3 輪對固定裝置 ..........................................................................................................................11 4.3.1 V 形塊的選擇 ..................................................................................................................11 4.3.2 旋轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................................................................12 4.3.3 移動機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì) ...........................................................................................................13 4.3.4 卸輪后傾覆力的計(jì)算 .....................................................................................................23 5 液壓系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................................................................................24 5.1 技術(shù)要求及工況分析 ..............................................................................................................24 5.2 擬定液壓系統(tǒng)原理圖 ..............................................................................................................24 5.2.1 選擇液壓回路 .................................................................................................................24 5.2.2 組成液壓系統(tǒng) .................................................................................................................24 5.3 液壓系統(tǒng)的計(jì)算和選擇液壓元件 ..........................................................................................25 攀枝花學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 目錄 2 5.3.1 液壓缸主要尺寸的確定 .................................................................................................25 5.3.2 確定管道尺寸 .................................................................................................................27 5.3.3 確定液壓油箱容積 .........................................................................................................28 5.3.4 確定液壓油液 .................................................................................................................28 5.4 液壓系統(tǒng)的驗(yàn)算 ......................................................................................................................28 5.4.1 壓力損失的驗(yàn)算 .............................................................................................................29 5.4.2 系統(tǒng)溫升的驗(yàn)算 .............................................................................................................30 6 液壓缸的設(shè)計(jì) .............................................................................................................................32 6.1 液壓缸主要尺寸的確定 ..........................................................................................................32 6.1.1 液壓缸工作壓力的確定 .................................................................................................32 6.1.2 液壓缸內(nèi)徑和活塞桿直徑 d 的確定 .........................................................................32 6.1.3 液壓缸壁厚和外徑的計(jì)算 .............................................................................................32 6.1.4 液壓缸工作行程的確定 .................................................................................................32 6.1.5 缸底、缸蓋厚度的確定 .................................................................................................33 6.1.6 最小導(dǎo)向長度的確定 .....................................................................................................33 6.1.7 缸體長度的確定 .............................................................................................................34 6.1.8 活塞桿穩(wěn)定性的驗(yàn)算 .....................................................................................................34 6.2 液壓缸的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) ..................................................................................................................35 6.2.1 缸體與缸蓋的連接形式 .................................................................................................35 6.2.2 活塞桿與活塞的連接結(jié)構(gòu) .............................................................................................36 6.2.3 活塞桿導(dǎo)向部分的結(jié)構(gòu) .................................................................................................37 6.2.4 活塞及活塞桿外密封圈的選用 .....................................................................................37 6.2.5 液壓缸的緩沖裝置 .........................................................................................................41 6.2.6 液壓缸的排氣裝置 .........................................................................................................42 7 液壓站的設(shè)計(jì) .............................................................................................................................45 7.1 液壓油箱的設(shè)計(jì) ......................................................................................................................45 7.1.1 液壓油箱的用途與設(shè)計(jì)要點(diǎn) ..........................................................................................45 7.1.2 液壓油箱的結(jié)構(gòu) .............................................................................................................46 7.1.3 確定液壓油箱容積 .........................................................................................................46 7.2 集成塊單元回路圖設(shè)計(jì) ..........................................................................................................47 結(jié)論 .............................................................................................................................................49 參 考 文 獻(xiàn) ....................................................................................................................................50 攀枝花學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 目錄 3 致 謝 .............................................................................................................................................51 攀枝花學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 目錄 4