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摘要 座椅是與人接觸最密切的部件，人們對(duì)轎車平順性的評(píng)價(jià)多是通過座椅的感受作出的?，F(xiàn)代轎車的駕駛者座椅和前部乘員座椅多是電動(dòng)可調(diào)的，又稱電動(dòng)座椅。因此，電動(dòng)座椅是直接影響轎車質(zhì)量的關(guān)鍵部件之一。 ?? 轎車電動(dòng)座椅以駕駛者的座椅為主。從服務(wù)對(duì)象出發(fā)，電動(dòng)座椅必須要滿足便利性和舒適性兩大要求。也就是說駕駛者通過鍵鈕操縱，既可以將座椅調(diào)整到最佳的位置上，使駕駛者獲得最好視野，得到易于操縱方向盤、踏板、變速桿等操縱件的便利，還可以獲得最舒適和最習(xí)慣的乘坐角度。為了滿足這些要求，世界汽車生產(chǎn)大國的有關(guān)廠家都竟相采用機(jī)械和電子技術(shù)手段，制造出可調(diào)整的電動(dòng)座椅。 本方案設(shè)計(jì)的電動(dòng)座椅由雙向電動(dòng)機(jī)、傳動(dòng)裝置和座椅調(diào)節(jié)器等組成。通過座椅調(diào)節(jié)器實(shí)現(xiàn)座椅水平前后移動(dòng)、座椅上下移動(dòng)、座椅靠背的角度旋轉(zhuǎn)六個(gè)方向的調(diào)節(jié)。 汽車電動(dòng)座椅的結(jié)構(gòu)主要有: 可逆直流微型電動(dòng)機(jī)( 驅(qū)動(dòng)裝置) 、傳動(dòng)裝置、連接機(jī)構(gòu)、蝸輪、蝸桿、滾珠絲杠、水平滑動(dòng)導(dǎo)軌等部件組合而成。座椅由坐墊、靠背、靠枕、骨架、懸掛和調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)構(gòu)等組成。 關(guān)鍵詞：汽車電器；電動(dòng)座椅；蝸輪、蝸桿、螺桿 Abstract the chair is contacts the closest part with the human, the people many are make to the passenger vehicle smooth appraisal through chair's feeling. The modern passenger vehicle's driver chair and the front part crew member chair many are electrically operated adjustable, also calls the electrically operated chair. Therefore, the electrically operated chair is one of immediate influence passenger vehicle quality key components. Passenger vehicle electrically operated chair by driver's chair primarily. Embarks from the target client, the electrically operated chair must satisfy the convenience and the comfortable two big requests. That is driver through keybutton operation, may also adjust the chair in the best position, causes the driver to obtain the best field of vision, obtains easy to operate operation and so on steering wheel, footboard, gearshift lever conveniences, but may also obtain is most comfortable and the most custom rides the angle. In order to satisfy these requests, the world automobile production power's related factory unexpectedly uses the machinery and the electronic technology method, makes electrically operated chair which may adjust. This scheme is a kind of mechanical design and manufacturing, ergonomics and electronic technology combining can adjust the electric chair eight direction. General electric chair system by two-way motor and transmission device and seat regulator, etc. Through the seat regulator seat level movement, realize front seats and seat move after the end of the move, the seat of the direction of rotation Angle of eight. The auto electric chair of the structure are mainly: reversible dc micro motors (drives), transmission device, the connection, Angle transfer worm and worm, ball screw, horizontal sliding guide etc. Electric chair cushion, seat, by magic, skeleton, suspension and adjusting mechanism etc. Keywords: Automotive Electrical; electric chair; turbine, worm, screw 哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)華德應(yīng)用技術(shù)學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說明書（論文） 目 錄 摘要 Ⅰ Abstract Ⅱ 第一章 緒論 - 1 - 1.1 綜述... - 1 - 1.2 電動(dòng)座椅設(shè)計(jì)研究的現(xiàn)狀 - 2 - 1.2.1國外研究現(xiàn)狀 - 2 - 1.2.2國內(nèi)研究現(xiàn)狀 - 3 - 1.3 電動(dòng)座椅設(shè)計(jì)的背景 - 3 - 1.4 本文的主要研究工作 - 3 - 第二章 研究方案的選取 - 4 - 2.1 綜述 - 4 - 2.2 座椅坐墊升降部分 - 4 - 2.3 座椅坐墊前后移動(dòng)部分 - 5 - 2.4 座椅靠背傾斜部分 - 6 - 第三章 選用傳動(dòng)的特點(diǎn) - 6 - 3.1 齒輪傳動(dòng) - 6 - 3.1.1 齒輪傳動(dòng)特點(diǎn) - 6 - 3.1.2 齒輪傳動(dòng)類型 - 7 - 3.2 螺旋傳動(dòng) - 8 - 3.2.1螺旋傳動(dòng)特點(diǎn) - 8 - 3.2.2螺旋傳動(dòng)類型 - 8 - a. 滑動(dòng)螺旋傳動(dòng) - 8 - b. 滾動(dòng)螺旋傳動(dòng) - 8 - 3.3 空間連桿機(jī)構(gòu) - 9 - 第四章 機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) - 10 - 4.1電動(dòng)機(jī)選擇計(jì)算 - 10 - 4.1.1 選擇電動(dòng)機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速 - 10 - 4.1.2 工作機(jī)的有效功率 - 11 - 4.1.3 選擇電動(dòng)機(jī)型號(hào) - 11 - 4.2 傳動(dòng)比分配 - 11 - 4.3 計(jì)算各軸轉(zhuǎn)速 - 12 - 4.4 蝸輪蝸桿設(shè)計(jì) - 12 - 4.4.1選擇蝸桿傳動(dòng)類型 - 12 - 4.4.2 選擇材料 - 12 - 4.4.3 按齒面接觸疲勞強(qiáng)度進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì) - 12 - 4.4.4 蝸桿與蝸輪的主要參數(shù)與幾何尺寸 - 14 - 4.4.5 校核齒根彎曲疲勞強(qiáng)度 - 14 - 4.4.6 驗(yàn)算效率 - 15 - 4.4.7 精度等級(jí)公差和表面粗糙度的確定 - 16 - 4.5 滾珠絲杠設(shè)計(jì) - 17 - 4.5.1 選擇滾珠絲杠型號(hào)及其工作條件 - 17 - 4.5.2 降速比計(jì)算 - 17 - 4.5.3 慣量計(jì)算 - 17 - 4.5.4 電動(dòng)機(jī)力矩計(jì)算 - 17 - 4.5.5 剛度計(jì)算 - 18 - 4.5.6 反向死區(qū) - 18 - 4.5.7 傳動(dòng)剛度變化引起的定位誤差 - 19 - 4.6 前后調(diào)節(jié)滾珠絲杠支承軸承驗(yàn)算 - 19 - 4.7 垂直調(diào)節(jié)螺桿驗(yàn)算 - 20 - 4.7.1 螺桿的強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 - 20 - 4.7.2 螺桿穩(wěn)定性計(jì)算 - 20 - 4.8 垂直調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)構(gòu)支承軸承驗(yàn)算 - 21 - 結(jié)論 - 22 - 致 謝 - 23 - 參考文獻(xiàn) - 24 - 附錄Ⅰ…………………………………………………………………………- 25 -