650對(duì)輥式壓密機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)【說(shuō)明書(shū)+CAD】,說(shuō)明書(shū)+CAD,650對(duì)輥式壓密機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)【說(shuō)明書(shū)+CAD】,對(duì)于,輥式壓密機(jī),設(shè)計(jì),說(shuō)明書(shū),仿單,cad 黃河科技學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文(英語(yǔ)文獻(xiàn)) 第11頁(yè) To roller ball machine simple analysis F.cengiz and O.Jisak G & L HARDWARE MARKETING PTELTO Pressure ball machine is used for powder into a ball of equipment, which are mainly used in metallurgical lime sieve of material, iron oxide and of all kinds of material in the ball production, the ball is in the original machine pressure phi high pressure ball machine based on improving the design, the design improvement can pressure on dry pressing machine can ball pressure ball, design increases the pressure of extrusion machine to torque and increase the feed for, and the hydraulic system to do the design, because the double transmission covers an area of big, the way to request, makes the ball machine more compact Due to the different kinds of material molding, it required is great for adapting to the compression ratio this request, to pressure the motor control motor sliding through the pressure of the spiral speed to change, realize the purpose of the feed and change, the speed adjustment way by hand control, through the test enginery industrial experiments prove, forming units pressure and for shoes have close relations, and total pressure and has no obvious direct relation So don't have to use the total pressure of the variation of the speed, the basis of the main motor can observe the variation of working current speed as the basis, the main motor through two speed by pulley, such as must increase feed can take for spiral bushing change into large diameter spiral can. 1The requirements of raw materials for molding 1.1 this pressure ball by powder material molding machine design, material particle size and so cannot too big, the largest size should be less than 10 mm, or because of the spiral and coat clearance smaller into more drag influence to the pressure, the effect 1.2 the experiment proved that the material moisture can't more than 15%, especially viscous larger material, or easy sticky roller not easy to take off the ball, affect the normal work of the ball pressure. Pressure machine working principle ball briefly As shown in figure "1" shows, make the material for high pressure into a ball The pressure to spiral shape material will be forced to roller presses in the middle Patterned reverse turning due to roller to material compression, Forming units from small to large until the midline of roll forming unit pressure Force to achieve maximum. Sui the turn of the pressure roller, molding pressure continuously Reduce, take off the ball into the state until the take off the ball. Pressure ball into the unit and positive question 1.1 pressure ball units into: 1.2 A pressure machine to To pressure machine by sliding control motor power source as the pulley reducer, coupling material feeding spiral composition, through the material feeding spiral to materials and forced to after pressing to pressure the ball machine for material, make the material of the stability has enough material for pressure, this is a very important high pressure ball ring. In order to adapt to different compression ratio of material molding, to pressure machine spiral speed is adjustable high speed, feed for increased, to increase the pressure, and for reducing the feed, to pressure is small, due to the sliding of the motor speed constant torque the sex, work for transfer to feed is equal to the amount to pressure the ball machine, can keep constant pressure for material, make the ball billet quality is stable. A but because for shoes too big when, spiral resistance must increase, spiral speed continuous reduction, sometimes form jam phenomenon, the motor ticking over, also not burn out motor, to pressure machine speed can adopt manual speed. 2 pressure ball host machine 2.1 pressure ball units into: 2.1.1 to pressure machine To pressure machine by sliding control motor power source as the pulley reducer, coupling material feeding spiral composition, through the material feeding spiral to materials and forced to after pressing to pressure the ball machine for material, make the material of the stability has enough material for pressure, this is a very important high pressure ball ring. In order to adapt to different compression ratio of material molding, to pressure machine spiral speed is adjustable high speed, feed for increased, to increase the pressure, and for reducing the feed, to pressure is small, due to the sliding of the motor speed constant torque the sex, work for transfer to feed is equal to the amount to pressure the ball machine, can keep constant pressure for material, make the ball billet quality is stable. A but because for shoes too big when, spiral resistance must increase, spiral speed continuous reduction, sometimes form jam phenomenon, the motor ticking over, also not burn out motor, to pressure machine speed can adopt manual speed 2.1.2. Pressure ball host machine The pressure ball machine adopts the single transmission Motor (1) y250m ?-4; Power by level 55 kn belt slow down, the level 3 reducer (2) zs165, out by the great pin shaft coupling (3) spread to roll towards the spindle, the two pressure roller synchronization open gear guarantee by the second pressure roller by oil cylinder bearing spindle, overload the shaft can slip, without losing synchronization. 3 dribbling machine This dribbling machine is a common belt conveyor, main purpose is to suppress the ball out of the billet has good cake, so that realize and process of the connection, and the gap because is small, so not broken bad casting ball 4 hydraulic station Into the ball the stand or fall of quality, in addition to the size of the unit to pressure, but also is scheduled to suppress process always constant pressure, therefore in the design of hydraulic support institutions voltage, hydraulic system graph (3) the installation drawing see chart "9" hydraulic system's main function is to provide a stable pressure roller total pressure, but a large materials into pressure roller, two roller center line suddenly increased The oil cylinder oil into the accumulator, and the total pressure change is not big, act as a security role, other through hydraulic table instructions can judge the value of the size of the total pressure, more intuitive 5 to pressure machine speed As mentioned previously, due to a variety of material of different compression ratio, the requirement to pressure machine has the performance of the variable for material, to ensure enough material feeding pressure for should be equal to the feed is still a little greater than the pressure of the ball machine requirements, in the work, if for shoes too big when, to pressure machine load overload, might form a jam phenomenon, at the same time host motor will overload, The feed for a hour can't pressure machine pressure the ball out of the density of the larger ball billet, so the pressure to pressure the ball machine machine must have speed possible, this design USES the two kinds of speed regulation methods To the compressor of the speed adjustment is essentially turn sent clutch motor excitation current For manual adjustment speaking, is operating workers in the machine operation in the radio Adjust the knob speed controller, make its growth to slow down, adjust the amount of complete by operating workers according to the billet quality stand or fall, ball pressure machine noise on the adjustment,. Because the feed for how many immediate influence the main motor (1) the size of the load, the reaction in the motor is the size of the current variation as a reset signal, poor motor stator current excitation control Poor motor stator current speed regulation and achieve excitation adjust the amount of material feeding purpose, the main motor working current increases, the instructions to pressure spiral high speed, should make turn sent the motor speed is reduced, so that the main motor work stable current in a numerical range way of different materials can be given the different work current value. 5.1 inflatable method (1) JinYou mouth slightly and the battery, the volume of 1/10 night into the shell oil pressure, so that the lubrication and then taking off filling the air valve protection, mount with pressure gauge of the air tools, and with nitrogen gas bottle through (2) the operating personnel standing in filling the air valve profile, use when tools slowly open the nitrogen bottles of switch, to move air tools improvement the handwheel, be sure to slowly open filling valve to slow the nitrogen filling, until the bacteria valves closed, slowly swell skin (3) continue to be filled with dry nitrogen, until the charge pressure of. (4) when charging the pressure required (see air tool of the gauge pressure) should stop for a few minutes until the temperature to stabilize, observe the air pressure, such as has amounted to pressure required, the air was completed. (5) charging, the inverse spiral inflatable tools the handwheel, make the filling air valve closed, shut down nitrogen bottles of switch, open air tools on air plug, will in pipeline gas off and remove inflatable tools. (6) check whether after a flat, firmly installed filling the air valve protection 5.2 the charge pressure sure: Air pressure generally lower than the minimum work pressure hydraulic system of 90%, usually take 60-85%, but may not be less than 25% of the highest working pressure, because the market to sell on the bottle of of the maximum of nitrogen only $13.5 MPa So when the requirements of the air pressure than the maximum pressure nitrogen bottles, it must use the supercharger for air, about the accumulator problems such as the use of loading and unloading see the material. 5.2.1 relief valve pressure relief valve relay of the adjustment for problems: According to the experiment, originally the ball of the machine work have 18.5 MPa pressure already used quite, only individual situation should be the most suitable work improve hydraulic pressure value still must according to different raw material properties determine by experiment, reason is tentatively set for 18.5 MPa work pressure (1) the relief valve adjustment for pressure is 18.5 kMPa （2) the first pressure relay action the concentration is 18 MPa (2) first pressure (3) the relief valve adjustment for the pressure may be the setting in 190 MP So after adjustment for oil pressure, hydraulic pressure system of 18 MPa pressure when the first relay action, ready for the next step, when the pressure to achieve 190 MPa, Relief valve begin to overflow, the oil cylinder by the relief valve to fuel tank, and at the same time, the second pressure relay action, the oil pump motor power to stop working. If the big materials into pressure roller, forcing oil cylinder piston rapidly turn back, form a larger hydraulic shocks, such as hydraulic more than 190 MPa, unloading at this time the relief valve act as a security role. Because the oil leakage, a but hydraulic down to 180 MPa the following, the first pressure relay action make oil pump start-up shocks, such as hydraulic more than 190 MPa, unloading at this time the relief valve act as a security role. Fuel supply to the hydraulic system 6. Pressure roller clearance of the reset Pressure machine running ball, before oil cylinder roller compaction two, at this time, pressure roller clearance between equal to zero, in order to measure the pressure roller line of the two parallel sex can be used, Crowded wire of the methods to determine, pressure roller clearance generally can be adjusted as for 2 mm or so, clearance adjustment shall first unloading the oil cylinder, and then turn reset screws, will Dou iron up top mobile force bearing move a, distance to meet requirements value will reset with nuts screw fastening 7. Slot registration institution Two pressure roller ball skin should be but the ball processing has considered the ball groove contrapuntal problem But because of the error processing, and the increase of the pressure roller clearance, the synchronous gear and after, the ball groove can't accurate registration, the registration institution be ball groove to registration Adjust before gear and shaft for synchronous tight, to make it can't turn, and then turn the screw is 3 make reset piece of 4 and sliding gears piece of produce a machine to the corner, until the ball groove of accurate registration, the face in the reset after screw lock, reset before he finished. . 7.1 pressure ball mechanism made installation instructions (1) pressure of machine cover ball machine, welding machine wait for important should comply with the heavy machinery industry standard of welding current technology conditions of the regulations. (2) mechanical processing another piece should comply with the heavy machinery industry standard mechanical processing general technology conditions of the regulations. (3) Pressure of the machine assembly except special ball requirements outside, machine assembly should comply with the heavy machinery industry standard of general assembly technology requirements 7.2 pressure of paint requirements ball machine: (1) for the already painted outsourcing installation without painted. (2) all installation face, face, hair LAN bolt, orientation Angle are not wait for paint (3) all welding, castings, forgings non-work smooth all the besmear green paint. (4) for exposed did not add the fast turning into protection as another piece spear compressor's pulley host should besmear pulley red paint. (5) oil cup, hydraulic pressure system on the cover with paint also red. (6) the hydraulic system of hydraulic pipe coated yellow paint, return pipe, oil absorption deep twist it yellow paint. (7) the tank with oil paint internal resistance. (8) casting, casting must first play ode child, and then in the coat of paint. (9) paint the preparing work before, paint job should press paint. General technical requirements (10) to the coat of paint processing face should besmear antirust grease, exposed shaft head should pack oiled paper. 8. According to the packing machine pressure ball packaging general technical requirements 9. Pressure test run the ball machine requirements 9.1 the preparing work before test run (1) the whole pressure units to be installed by the ball, the prior to trial operation will tighten all bolts should be. (2) manual dish, inspection car to pressure machine, host, dribbling machine is normal or not, such as the abnormal situation is immediately released (3) pressure machine running the ball before have to empty on supporting the cylinder pressure by, the oil to 50% (4) gap adjusting to anchor big 1 (5) the Lord coupling radial clearance less than 9.2 empty running test (1) respectively to pressure machine, to host, dribbling machines to empty load operation, normal after idle running 8 hours are machine (2) in the empty during operation is full of machine of observation, can not have abnormal sound, empty after the completion of the test run the motor, the rise of temperature of the bearing (3) the maximum allowed temperature (environmental temperature of about 40 o C) than 60 o C thermometer (4) of rolling bearing the maximum allowed temperature rise, (environment temperature of 40 ℃ and 55 ℃ than the thermometer method) (5) in the process of operation with inspection electrical work is normal or not (6) requirements up to, and then the next load operation. (7) load operation test (8) hydraulic transferred to work pressure and the hydraulic components are adjusting to the provisions below hydraulic conditions can load operation test. (9) according to pressure the ball into the ball to raw material machine condition on wet materials must be mixed practice after pressure rear accessibility to press, dry pressing the fine degree of raw material must meet the requirements, because the quality of the raw materials of into the ball can influence. (10) according to the order of pressure on the ball units boot up and running to the normal pressure machine to even feed (11) measurement of the motor current is not more than work ratings (12) in normal circumstances with strict material starting pressure ball host machine, or damage easily host relevant parts (13) load operation eight hours, during the ball should not have abnormal pressure machine voice, motor, bearing temperature may more than empty when working temperature of provisions (14) in load operation process inspection motor function is in accordance with the requirements, such as manual speed regulation can wait. (15) the requirements if already achieved, the one with pressure ball machine design, manufacture all comply with the requirements. (16) in the load operation test normal after, to the ball for volume density inspection is casting work, such as can achieve the requirement of sequence of that pressure ball machine working normally, if short of regulation index, in addition to pressure the ball machine make necessary changes outside, But also to the adaptability of the raw material to the experimental research. Because the performance of the raw materials into the ball to the possible and the quality of the ball into the affected. 10 hydraulic pressure station installation using the attention 10.1 the oil pump installation (1) the oil pump motor spindle and the shaft installed concentricity error is not more than 0.1 mm is method can be adopted for the following methods (2) the pump and motor axis vertical deviation degree than 0.1 mm, inspection method see chart < 10 > (3) so return pipe into the fuel tank section are the fuel tank cover plate welding, the oil pipe end have oblique mouth are towards fuel tank wall. 10.2 liquid pressure of filtration system from work (1) in the installation of degrees car before the tank must be, the oil pipe oil cylinder valve and components for clean, to note oil tank must use the oil for filtration of machine oil (2) in the course of carriage to prevent pipe, the level of pollution, try to adopt overall packaging, exposed apertures with dust cover must be blocked (3) new oil pump use after a month should be cleaned once oil pump, and the oil filters for cleaning (4) effective work time limit 3 ~ 6 months later, a new oil, clean a tank (5) it is strictly prohibited to use because of heating and will the flap raises and note the oil hole open 10.3 work medium (1) recommend to adopt domestic 20, 30, type hydraulic oil or use E 50 = 3-5 viscosity index greater than 90 other hydraulic oil (2) the normal work of the oil pump the oil temperature for 10 to 65 ℃, the temperature is too low can use the electric heater heating 10.4 hydraulic system operation (1) before initiating (instructions operation) must through the pump shell oil on the back to pump into the mouth in the work of clean oil, or can't the test run (2) turn the coupling with the hand, inspection oil pump shaft in rotation is power even, and to test whether two and a half couplings concentric, coupling must have the necessary clearance between 3) check the oil pump rotation direction is correct (4) hydraulic system empty load test run, should first open the hydraulic circuits of circuit switch, ensure that the oil pump in the empty running under load conditions, check the oil pump work is abnormal (5) low load operation: In the above after completion of work to prepare, the oil pump start-up hydraulic the setting in 10-20 ㎏ / ㎝ running under half an hour (6) full load operation: Low load operation after completion, gradually reset relief valve oil pressure to the maximum permissible pressure hydraulic system running under 15 minutes, check the hydraulic system is normal, the pipe joint leaks oil. Pump and hydraulic system sound is normal, the highest temperature pump shell is not more than 75 ~ 80 ℃.