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1、專 題 六 并 列 句 和 狀 語 從 句語法專題 并列句的考查要點(diǎn) 時(shí)間狀語從句的考查要點(diǎn) 讓步狀語從句的考查要點(diǎn) 地點(diǎn)狀語從句：where， wherever等 原因狀語從句：because， for， as， since， now that 目的狀語從句：that， so that， in order that 方式狀語從句：as， as if/though 條件狀語從句：if， unless， so/as long as， in case， once，on condition that等 語法與寫作 注意狀語從句中從句的省略現(xiàn)象 語法填空 結(jié)果狀語從句：that， so that， s

2、o.that.， such.that. 1并列句的考查要點(diǎn)1.并列句的基本概念并列句是由兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上并列而又獨(dú)立的簡(jiǎn)單句構(gòu)成的。在并列句中，這些簡(jiǎn)單句常由并列連詞連在一起。并列連詞所連接的簡(jiǎn)單句被稱為分句。2.常見的并列連詞(1)表示遞進(jìn)或順承關(guān)系：常用的并列連詞有and，not only.but (also).等。 He had plenty of money and he spent it freely.Not only did he speak more correctly，but also he spoke more easily.(2)表示選擇關(guān)系：常用的并列連詞有or，eithe

3、r.or.等。Either you are right，or I am.(3)表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系：常用的并列連詞有but，yet，whereas等。Jane said she was ill，yet I saw her in the street just now.Some of the studies show positive results，whereas others do not. (4)表示因果關(guān)系：常用的并列連詞有so，for等。It must have rained last night，for it is wet all over.The shops were closed，so

4、I didnt get any milk.(5)when還可用作并列連詞，意為“那時(shí)，這時(shí)”，相當(dāng)于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式：sb. was doing sth. when.；sb. was about to do/going to do/on the point of doing sth. when.；sb. had just done sth. when.。 We were having a meeting when someone broke in.We were about to set off when it suddenly began to ra

5、in.(6)while作為并列連詞，意為“而，卻”，表示對(duì)比。He likes pop music，while I am fond of folk music. 語法填空1.I wonder how much you charge for your services.The first two are free the third costs $ 30.2.Tom was about to close the window his attention was caught by a bird.3.Dont drive so fast， youll have an accident. 題組訓(xùn)練1

6、 while whenor 4.She is seriously ill， she doesnt give up hope.5.He is a good teacher， he is very popular with students. but/yetso/and 2時(shí)間狀語從句的考查要點(diǎn)1.before引導(dǎo)的從句中不用否定式謂語。常用如下句型：It will be long before.(得過好久才)It will not be long before.(過不了多久就)It was long before. (過了好久才)It was not long before. (過了不久就) 2

7、.since后面所用動(dòng)詞不同，該動(dòng)詞所表示動(dòng)作持續(xù)時(shí)間的計(jì)算方法也不同。 since瞬間動(dòng)詞過去式(從該動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)算起) since持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞過去式(從動(dòng)作結(jié)束時(shí)算起)It is two years since he joined the army.他參軍兩年了。It is two years since he smoked.他戒煙兩年了。 3.as，when，while用法一覽表。類別作用例句as as表示“當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候”，往往和when/ while通用，但它著重強(qiáng)調(diào)主句與從句的動(dòng)作或事情同時(shí)或幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生。She came up as I was cooking.(同時(shí))The runner

8、s started as the gun went off.(幾乎同時(shí)) when (at or during the time that )既可以表示在某一點(diǎn)的時(shí)候，又可表示在某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)，主句與從句的動(dòng)作或事情可以同時(shí)發(fā)生也可以先后發(fā)生。It was raining when we arrived.(指時(shí)間點(diǎn))When we were at school，we went to the library every day.(在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)) while while意思是“當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候”或“在某一段時(shí)間里”。主句中的動(dòng)作或事情在從句中的動(dòng)作或事情的進(jìn)展過程中發(fā)生，從句中的動(dòng)詞一般要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。在w

9、hen表示a period of time時(shí)，兩者可以互換。Please dont talk so loud while others are working.He fell asleep while/when reading.Strike while the iron is hot. (用as或when不可，這里的while意思是“趁”) 4.引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的連接詞除上述外還有：(1)till，not.until.，untilDont get off the bus until it has stopped.He waited for his father until/till it wa

10、s twelve oclock.(2)hardly/scarcely.when，no sooner.than表示“剛就”We had hardly got/Hardly had we got into the country when it began to rain.No sooner had he arrived/He had no sooner arrived than she started complaining. (3)directly，immediately，the moment，the minute，the instant，as soon as，意為“一就”He made fo

11、r the door directly he heard the knock.The moment he saw his mother，he burst into tears.(4)each time，every timeEach time he came to my city，he would call on me. 語法填空1.If a lot of people say a film is not good，I wont bother to see it，or Ill wait it comes out on DVD.2.They rushed in we were discussing

12、 problems.3.One Friday，we were packing to leave for a weekend away my daughter heard cries for help. 題組訓(xùn)練2 until/tillwhilewhen 4.It was April 29,2001 Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony.5.He had no sooner finished his speech the students started chee

13、ring.when than 3讓步狀語從句的考查要點(diǎn)1.although與though可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，不能與but連用，但可以與yet連用。Although/Though they are poor，(yet)they are warm-hearted.2.even if或even though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，表示“即使”、“縱然”，用來使人注意下文所強(qiáng)調(diào)內(nèi)容的性質(zhì)。Ill get there even if/though I have to sell my house to get enough money to go by air. 3.no matter后接上who，what，

14、where，how等疑問詞引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，也可以在這類疑問詞后面加上ever構(gòu)成whoever，whatever，wherever，however等。但在引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)只能用wh-ever類詞。Dont trust him，no matter what/whatever he says.I will eat whatever you give me.No matter how hard the work is，youd better try to do it well. 4.as也可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，需將從句中的表語、狀語以及謂語中的實(shí)義動(dòng)詞提前至從句句首，引起倒裝；作表語的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞

15、前如有冠詞，冠詞需省去。though引導(dǎo)的從句也可以倒裝，但although引導(dǎo)的不可以。Child as(though) he is，he knows a lot.Much as I like it，I wont buy.Try as he would，he couldnt lift the heavy box. 5.while也可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，表示“盡管”，比though/although語氣弱。while引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句一般要位于句首。 語法填空1.It was a nice meal， a little expensive.2. volleyball is her main f

16、ocus，shes also great at basketball.3.Frank insisted that he was not asleep I had great difficulty in waking him up. 題組訓(xùn)練3 thoughWhile/Though/Although although/though 4. regular exercise is very important，its never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.5. all of them are strong candidates，only

17、 one will be chosen for the post.6.Well make a trip the weather is bad.Although/ThoughWhile/Though/Althougheven if/though 4原因狀語從句：because，for，as，since，now that1.表示不知道的原因時(shí)用because，即說話人認(rèn)為聽話人不知道，因此because從句是全句最重要的部分，通常它被置于主句之后。You want to know why Im leaving？Im leaving because Im fed up with the boss.

18、for雖然表示不知道的原因，但其語氣較because要弱得多，是可說可不說的話，它只能置于主句之后，這時(shí)，for是并列連詞。如果不是因果關(guān)系，而是對(duì)前面主句的內(nèi)容加以解釋或推斷時(shí)，只能用for。Its morning now，for the birds are singing.(很顯然，鳥叫不可能是“現(xiàn)在已是早上”的原因)。 2.表示已經(jīng)知道的原因時(shí)用as或since，即某種原因在說話人看來已經(jīng)很明顯，或已為聽話人所熟悉，因此它是句中不很重要的部分。since要比as正式一些，它們通常被置于語句之前，但有時(shí)卻相反。Seeing all of the children already seate

19、d，he said，“Since everyone is here，lets start.” 3.下列情況下只能使用because：(1)在回答why的問句時(shí)；(2)在用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句型時(shí)；(3)被not所否定時(shí)。 5地點(diǎn)狀語從句：where，wherever等Make a mark wherever you have any questions.We will go where the Party directs us.6目的狀語從句：that，so that，in order that注意：目的狀語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞常與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用，否則可能是結(jié)果狀語從句，不可置于句首。He got up ear

20、ly so that he could catch the early train. 7結(jié)果狀語從句：that，so that，so.that.，such.that.注意：so形容詞/副詞that從句；such名詞that從句。She is so good that we all like her.He is such a good teacher that we all respect him. 8方式狀語從句：as，as if/thoughIll do as I am told to.It looks as if it is going to rain.9條件狀語從句：if，unless，

21、so/as long as，in case，once，on condition that等You can use my bike as long as you return it on time. 10注意狀語從句中從句的省略現(xiàn)象1.連詞過去分詞Dont speak until spoken to.Unless repaired，the washing machine is no use.2.連詞現(xiàn)在分詞Look out while crossing the street.3.連詞形容詞/其他常見的有if necessary，if possible，when necessary，if any等

22、。If necessary，I will go there. 語法填空1.The police officers in our city work hard _ _ the rest of us can live a safe life.2.She worked hard everything would be ready in time.3.He had his camera ready he saw something that would make a good picture. 題組訓(xùn)練4 in order that/sothat so that in case 4.Jack wasn

23、t saying anything，but the teacher smiled at him he had done something very clever.5. there is a will，there is a way.as if/as thoughWhere 11語法與寫作用狀語從句翻譯下面的句子1.當(dāng)有人落后的時(shí)候，其他人總是過來提供幫助。(2013江西書面表達(dá))_2.通常無論我們離得多遠(yuǎn)或多忙，我們都會(huì)盡量回家過節(jié)。(2013遼寧書面表達(dá))_When some fell behind，others would come and offer help.Usually，no ma

24、tter how far away or how busy we are，wewill try to return home for the celebration. 3.盡管我很累，但我從沒感到這樣快樂過。(2013陜西書面表達(dá))_4.我告訴他長(zhǎng)大后我會(huì)成為贏家。 (2013湖南書面表達(dá))_5.首先，如果你接受我的道歉，我會(huì)非常高興。(2013山東寫作)_Tired as I was，I never felt so happy.I told him that I would be the winner when I grew up.In the first place，Ill be so h

25、appy if you could accept myapology. 12語法填空 Do you like travelling？Staying 1. (health) while 2._(travel) can help to ensure your trip is a happy and enjoyable one.3. you are travelling abroad，here are the tips you need to make your trip much 4._(easy)： Make sure you have got signed passport(護(hù)照) and v

26、isa. Also，before you go，fill in the emergency informationhealthytravelling If/When/Whileeasier page of your passport！Make two copies of your passport identification page. This will help a lot if your passport 5._ _(steal).Leave one copy at home with friends or relatives. Carry the other 6. you in a

27、separate place from your passport. Read the Public Announcements or Travel Warnings for the countries you plan to visit. Get yourself familiar with local laws and customs of the countries to 7. you are travelling. isstolen with which Leave a copy of your itinerary(旅行日程) with family or friends at home so that you can be contacted in case of an emergency. Do not accept packages from strangers. Do not carry too much money or 8. (necessary) credit cards. If we make enough 9. (prepare)，we will succeed.Have 10. good time!unnecessarypreparationsa