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1、義務教育教科書（人教）八年級英語下冊Section A(1a-2d) Yard sale庭院舊貨出售這是國外的一種風俗，也是一種獨特的售貨方式。人們利用周末，將家中擱置不用的物件，放在自家庭院中廉價出售，因而被稱作yard sale，也可譯作“家庭拍賣會”。庭院售賣的物品種類繁多，大到家具，電器，小到玩具，衣物和鞋帽。這些物品雖多數(shù)為二手家什，但也有全新的物品，且價格合理公道，甚至還可討價還價。正是這種低廉，公道的價格及買家淘寶和碰大運的心理，使得yard sale廣受歡迎，逐漸演變成一種獨特的文化現(xiàn)象。 toy bear 玩具熊bread maker面包機scarf n. 圍巾復數(shù)為：sca

2、rves soft toys 毛絨玩具board games 棋類游戲 1a Look at the things at the yard sale. Do you have any of these things at home? How long have you had them? toy tiger toy lion toy bearDo you have them at home?How long have you had the ?I have had for years./since years ago.for+時間段；since+過去的時間點，是現(xiàn)在完成時的標志詞。 lamp

3、old books cupHow long have you had the ?I have had for years./since years ago. magazine cap vaseHow long have you had the ?I have had for years./since years ago. sweater dress scarfHow long have you had the ?I have had for years./since years ago. _ Jeffs family is having a yard sale._ Amy thinks its

4、 hard to sell her old things._ Jeff has had his bike for more than 10 years._ Amy wants to keep her old things because they bring back sweet memories._ You can also give old things away to people in need. A: This is a really old book.B: Yes, Ive had it for seven years. Ive read it three times.A: Why

5、 are you selling it?B: Because I dont read it anymore.A: How much is it?B: You can have it for 75 cents. anymore也可寫作any more, 常用于否定句末尾, 表示“再也(不); (不)再”。相當于not any longer。e.g. You can have it, for I dont need it anymore. The doctor told me not to play computer games anymore. book magazine toy bear to

6、y lion toy tiger bread maker sweater dress hat scarf 1. Amy has had her favorite _ for three years.2. Amy has had the boy _ since she was a _.3. Amys mom has had the old bread for more than _ years. 4. Amy can give away the _ and _ because they do not fit her anymore. bookbearbaby 10 sweaterdress A:

7、 Amy, can we give away these soft toys?B: Mom, I want to keep the bear.A: Why? Its so old.B: Because Ive had it since I was a baby. 2d Role-play the conversation. how long, how soon, how often, how farHow long 多久, 多長(時間)。對時間段提問, 如: for+時間段；since+過去的時間點。e.g. -How long have you worked in Beijing? -For

8、 five years.1. - How long have you had that bike there? - I have had it for three years. How soon多久以后。對“in+時間段提問, 常用于一般將來時”, 其答語常用“in+時間段”。e.g. -How soon will Mr. Li be back? -In a week. How often 多久一次, 對頻率提問, 其答語為: once (twice/)+時間段, always, usually 等。e.g. -How often do you exercise? -O nce a day.

9、How far 多遠，對距離提問，其答語是表距離的內(nèi)容。e.g. -How far is it from here to your school? -Three kilometers. for其后只能接表示“一段時間”的名詞性短語，可用于多種時態(tài)，表示動作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)時間段長短。e.g. I have lived in this city for five years. 我在這座城市居住了5年了。 He usually sleeps for twelve hours every day. 他通常每天睡12個小時。 since其后接表示“時間點”的短語或從句（過去時），也可以接“一段時間+ago”

10、，常用于完成時態(tài)；還用于句型：“It is +時間段+since+一般過去時的句子”, 表示過去某個時間發(fā)生并持續(xù)到說話時的動作或狀態(tài)。e.g. It is two years since I came to China. 自從我到中國以來已經(jīng)兩年了。 She has worked here for five years.=She has worked here since five years ago. 她在這兒工作5年了。 sale用作名詞，意為“出售，銷售”。on sale意為“出售，上市”；for sale意為“待售，供出售”，尤指從主人手里出售。e.g. Chickens are o

11、n sale in the market. 小雞在市場上出售。 Im sorry, its not for sale. 抱歉，它不出售。2. Jeffs family is having a yard sale. Its +adj. (+for sb.) to do sth.意為“（對某人來說）做某事是的”，it 是形式主語，真正主語是后面的動詞不定式。e.g. Its important for us to learn English well. 學好英語對于我們來說是很重要的。3. Amy thinks its hard to sell her old things. 艾米認為賣掉她的舊東

12、西很難。 4. Amy wants to keep her old things because they bring back sweet memories.艾米想保留她的舊東西，因為它們勾起她的甜蜜回憶。memory 作名詞意為“記憶；回憶”，復數(shù)形式為memories，動詞為memorize，意為“記憶，背誦”。 e.g. She has a good memory. 她記憶力好。 5. Ive had this magazine for a couple of months. 這本雜志我買了幾個月了。a couple of 表示具體的數(shù)量“兩個”，指兩個相同的人或物體; 表示數(shù)量不定的

13、“少數(shù)幾個”，作這種虛指的用法時，具體意思往往視上下文和具體的語境而決定。e.g. You have to wait for a couple of hours for the clothes to dry completely. 你得等上一兩個小時讓這些衣服完全晾干。 a bit 意為“一點兒, 稍微”, 修飾形容詞或副詞, 相當于a little; a bit of +不可數(shù)名詞, a little直接加不可數(shù)名詞。e.g. There is a bit of/a little water in the bottle. 瓶子里有點兒水。6. The stories inside may b

14、e a bit old, but theyre still interesting. not a bit =not at all 意為“一點也不”not a little =very 意為“非?！眅.g. She is not a bit happy. 她一點兒也不快樂。 He is not a little tired. =He is very tired. 他非常累。 check 用作及物動詞, 意為“檢查, 審查”; check out 意為“察看，觀察”。e.g. If you finish it, check it by yourself first. 如果你完成了，就自己先檢查一下

15、。 Check out all the books for children. 察看一下所有的兒童書籍。check還可用作名詞，意為“支票, 賬單”。7. And check out these soft toys and board games for younger kids. 1. - _ have you been married? - For twenty years. A. How far B. How often C. How long D. How soon2. If you sit in a chair _ a long time, your back may begin to hurt. A. at B. in C. on D. for C D 3. - I often have hamburgers for lunch. - Youd better not. Its bad for you _ too much junk food. A. eat B. to eat C. eating D. ate B Write a conversation according to 2c. Each man is the architect of his own fate.每個人都是自己命運的建筑師