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1、Unit 3 Under the sea Ⅰ.閱讀理解 [2017·甘肅診斷性測試] I was driving from Harrisburg to Lewisburg last night，a distance of about eighty miles.It was late.Several times I got stuck behind a slow－moving truck on a narrow road with a solid white line on my left，and I was clinching (緊握) my fists with impatience.

2、 At one point along an open highway，I came to a crossroads with the traffic light.I was alone on the road by now，but as I approached the light，it turned red and I braked to stop.I looked left，right and behind me.Nothing.Not a car，no suggestion of headlights，but there I sat，waiting for the light to

3、change，the only human being for at least a mile in any direction. I started wondering why I refused to run the light.I was not afraid of being arrested，because there were obviously no police around，and there certainly would have been no danger in going through it. Much later that night，the questio

4、n of why I'd stopped for that light came back to me.I think I stopped because it's part of an agreement we all have with each other.It's not only the law，but it's an agreement we have，and we trust each other to honor it：we don't go through red lights. It's amazing that we ever trusted each other to

5、 do the right thing，isn't it？And we do，too.Trust is our first tendency.We have to make a deliberate decision to mistrust someone or to be suspicious or skeptical.Those attitudes don't come naturally to us. It's a very good thing，too，because the whole structure of our society depends on mutual trust

6、，not distrust.This whole thing around us would fall apart if we didn't trust each other most of the time.We do what we say we'll do; we show up when we say we'll show up; we deliver when we say we'll deliver; and we pay when we say we'll pay.We trust each other in these matters，and when we don't do

7、what we've promised，it's far from the normal.It happens often that we don't act in good faith and in a trustworthy manner，but we still consider it unusual，and we're angry or disappointed with those badly－behaved people.Anyway，I was so proud of myself for stopping for the red light that night. 1．Why

8、 did the author feel impatient while driving? A．Because he had already driven for a long time. B．Because it was too far away from his destination. C．Because something urgent happened in his family. D．Because he could not overpass a truck on a narrow road. 2．The author stopped at the traffic lig

9、ht because__________. A．there were passers－by crossing the road B．some policemen were on duty just at that point C．the trust between people influenced the author D．there was potential danger 3．What would happen if people didn't trust each other in most cases? A．All the things would run normall

10、y. B．The social system would be thrown into disorder. C．The social traditions would be abandoned. D．Strict rules and laws would be made. 4．What is the theme of the passage? A．Mutual trust is the best policy. B．A bird in hand is worth two in the bush. C．Actions speak louder than words. D．Amon

11、g the blind the one－eyed is the king. 答案：[解題導(dǎo)語]有一次，作者在本可以闖紅燈的情況下卻選擇了等待，這次經(jīng)歷讓他想到，整個(gè)社會的構(gòu)建依賴于人與人之間的相互信任。 1．D　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段第三句Several times I got stuck behind a slow－moving truck on a narrow road...可知，作者被一輛慢行的卡車擋住了前進(jìn)的道路，因此而變得不耐煩。故選D項(xiàng)。 2．C　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段第二、三句．..it's part of an agreement we all h

12、ave with each other...we trust each other...可知，作者沒有闖紅燈的原因在于 “……因?yàn)槟鞘俏覀兠總€(gè)人之間的一種契約……我們互相信任…… (不闖紅燈)”。故選C項(xiàng)。根據(jù)第二段最后一句中的the only human可知，A項(xiàng) “有路人在過馬路” 錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第三段中的there were obviously no police around可知，B項(xiàng) “有警察在那里值班” 錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第三段中的there certainly would have been no danger可知，D項(xiàng) “有潛在的危險(xiǎn)” 錯(cuò)誤。 3．B　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段

13、第二句This whole thing around us would fall apart if we didn't trust each other...可知，當(dāng)我們彼此不信任時(shí)，我們周圍的一切都將土崩瓦解，即B項(xiàng) “社會系統(tǒng)將會陷入混亂”。故選B項(xiàng)。 4．A　解析：主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文的主旨在于強(qiáng)調(diào)是互相信任維護(hù)了社會的秩序。故A項(xiàng) “互相信任才是上策” 作為文章標(biāo)題最佳。B項(xiàng)意為 “一鳥在手勝過雙鳥在林 (到手的才是好的)”；C項(xiàng)意為 “事實(shí)勝于雄辯”；D項(xiàng)意為 “在盲人中間，獨(dú)眼人是國王”。故選A項(xiàng)。 Ⅱ.閱讀填空 [2017·湖南四校聯(lián)考] I just real

14、ized that while children are dogs—loyal and affectionate—teenagers are cats. __1__You feed it，train it，and boss it around.It puts its head on your knee and gazes at you as if you were a Rembrandt Painting.It bounds indoors with enthusiasm when you call it.However，around age 13，your adoring little p

15、uppy (child) turns into a big old cat (teenager)．Then when you tell it to come inside，it looks amazed，as if wondering who died.Instead of following your doorsteps，it disappears.__2__ Not realizing that the dog is now a cat，you think something must be desperately wrong with it.Since you're the one w

16、ho raised it，you assume that you did something wrong.Now you're dealing with a cat.Filled with guilt and fear，you redouble your efforts to make your pet behave.__3__Call it，and it runs way.Tell it to sit，and it jumps on the counter. Instead of continuing to act like a dog owner，you can learn to beh

17、ave like a cat owner.Put a dish of food near the door，and let it come to you.__4__You sit still，and it will come，seeking that warm，comforting lap it has not entirely forgotten.Be there to open the door for it.One day your grown－up child will walk into the kitchen，give you a big kiss and say, “You've

18、 been working hard all day.Let me get those dishes for you.”__5__ A．It's so easy to be a dog owner. B．Children as cats can turn to their parents. C．You won't see it again until it gets hungry. D．Then you'll realize your cat is a dog again. E．Teenagers can understand and appreciate their parents

19、' love. F．But remember that a cat needs your help and your affection，too. G．However，all the efforts made before now produce the opposite of the desired result. 答案：[解題導(dǎo)語]兒童時(shí)期的孩子們就像小狗，忠實(shí)而且充滿深情，然而青少年時(shí)期的孩子們開始叛逆，變得更像貓。如何巧妙地與這兩個(gè)年齡段的孩子們打交道呢？本文給出了一些建議。 1．A　解析：根據(jù)第二段中的However，around age 13，your adoring li

20、ttle puppy (child) turns into a big old cat (teenager)．可知，此段的前四句描述的是孩子在兒童時(shí)期的情況。空格后的三句話表明 “孩子在兒童時(shí)期很容易與人相處”，故選A項(xiàng) (作小狗的主人很容易) 。 2．C　解析：空格前面的句子指出 “孩子沒有尾隨你，而是跑開了”。從文章的連貫性來看，C項(xiàng) (直到它餓了的時(shí)候，你才會再見到它) 符合語境，是對大約13歲的孩子們出現(xiàn)的情況的描述。 3．G　解析：空格前的句子表明 “你內(nèi)心充滿自責(zé)和害怕，加倍努力來管束自己的孩子”，再根據(jù)空格后的 “你喊它，而它卻跑開了。你讓它坐下，它卻跳到了柜臺上”，由此可知

21、選G項(xiàng) (但是，你之前對孩子所做的一切努力的結(jié)果卻與預(yù)期的恰恰相反)，空后的句子是對G項(xiàng)中的opposite的解釋說明。 4．F　解析：根據(jù)空格后面的You sit still，and it will come，seeking that warm，comforting lap it has not entirely forgotten. (你坐著不動，它就會來到你身邊，尋找還沒有完全被遺忘的、溫暖的、給人安慰的腿作為依靠) 可推斷出應(yīng)選F項(xiàng) (但是，記住貓也需要人的幫助和關(guān)愛) 。 5．D　解析：空格前的．..walk into the kitchen，give you a big kis

22、s and say... (……走進(jìn)廚房，給你一個(gè)甜蜜的吻，并且說……) 表明，此時(shí)的孩子已經(jīng)從內(nèi)心接受了你對他們表達(dá)愛的方式，又回到了從前愛你的狀態(tài)。故D項(xiàng)符合語境。 Ⅲ.語法填空 [2017·廣西自治區(qū)一檢] Human potential is unlimited.Unlike computers，you'll never come across a situation 1.__________your brain says the hard drive is full.You can constantly push your limits，2.__________ (reach)

23、 greater heights. 3．__________ (unfortunate)，many do not make good use of their true potential，and lay it to waste by engaging in tasks that are a poor use of their time and energy.Here 4.__________ (be) two ways to live below your true potential： 1．Blame the past instead of focusing 5.__________t

24、he present.Some people spend their lives living in the past.They regret about what they could have done.6.__________，the past is the past，and no matter how much time we spend thinking about it，it doesn't change anything. 2．Set small goals.Many people set small goals because they're afraid 7._______

25、___ (fail)．Actually 8.__________they're really afraid of is to realize that they've always had all the power to achieve everything they want and that they have wasted their own time and many 9.__________ (dream)．Stop settling for less and set your highest goals today.You owe it to 10.__________ (you

26、)． 答案：[解題導(dǎo)語]人的潛能是無限的，但很多人卻沒能充分利用自己的潛能，本文介紹了兩種埋沒潛能的做法。 1．where　解析：考查定語從句。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞是situation，且設(shè)空處在從句中作狀語，故用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)。 2．reaching　解析：考查非謂語動詞。句意：你可以持續(xù)地挑戰(zhàn)你的極限，達(dá)到更高的高度。分析句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用非謂語動詞，句子主語you和reach之間是主動關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。 3．Unfortunately　解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：不幸的是，很多人沒有充分利用他們真正的潛能，并從事一些不需要太多時(shí)間和精力的任務(wù)而浪費(fèi)了潛能

27、。設(shè)空處位于句首作狀語，修飾一整句話，應(yīng)用副詞。故填Unfortunately。 4．a(chǎn)re　解析：考查動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：以下是兩種會讓你的潛能無法發(fā)揮出來的生活方式。此處講的是一般情況，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；句子主語是two ways，故謂語動詞也應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。故填are。 5．on/upon　解析：考查固定搭配。句意：總是把責(zé)任歸于過去，而不著眼于當(dāng)下。focus on/upon意為 “集中 (注意力、精力等) 于”，是固定搭配。故填on或upon。 6．However　解析：考查副詞。句意：但是，過去已然過去，無論我們花費(fèi)多少時(shí)間來想過去，它也不會改變?nèi)魏问虑?。根?jù)句意可知此處表示

28、轉(zhuǎn)折，故用副詞However。 7．to fail　解析：考查非謂語動詞。句意：許多人喜歡設(shè)立小的目標(biāo)，因?yàn)樗麄兒ε率?。be afraid to do sth.意為 “害怕做某事”，為固定搭配。故填to fail。 8．what　解析：考查主語從句。句意：實(shí)際上，他們真正害怕的卻是意識到他們一直有能力去做他們想做的所有事情，而他們已浪費(fèi)了他們自己的時(shí)間和很多夢想。分析句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)主語從句，且從句中缺少賓語，故用what引導(dǎo)。 9．dreams　解析：考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。句意見上一題解析。dream意為 “夢想”，是可數(shù)名詞，而many修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故填dreams。 10

29、．yourself　解析：考查代詞。句意：這是你欠自己的一個(gè)目標(biāo)。句子主語是You，設(shè)空處與主語同指一人，應(yīng)用反身代詞。故填yourself。 Ⅳ.短文改錯(cuò) I used to seeing an old man seated beside the road at my way to school.Whether it was raining or hot outside，and he sat there every day.What he does was to wave at everyone who passed by.One day he remembered I had a be

30、ach umbrella at home，so I turned around，getting the umbrella and took it to him.He jumped with joy.In the following six month，I saw him waving at people under an umbrella.Later，I told that the old man had passed away.How I wish he could live longer，for his waving made everyone else's days more pleasantly.