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1、單擊此處編輯母版標(biāo)題樣式,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,第二級(jí),第三級(jí),第四級(jí),第五級(jí),*,文章內(nèi)容來源于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，如果侵權(quán)或者不當(dāng)?shù)牡胤?，?qǐng)聯(lián)系我刪除或者改正。文章內(nèi)容僅可參考，不能作為科學(xué)依據(jù)。謝謝！,The content of this article comes from the Internet.If there is any infringement or improper place,please contact me to delete or correct it.The content of the article can only be referred to,not as a

2、scientific basis.thank you!,皮疹的分類,原發(fā)性損害（,primary lesions,）,由皮膚病理變化直接產(chǎn)生的病變,斑疹、丘疹、斑塊、結(jié)節(jié)、風(fēng)團(tuán)、水皰、膿皰、囊腫。,繼發(fā)性損害（,secondary lesions,）,由原發(fā)損害轉(zhuǎn)變而來，或由于治療、搔抓等引起,鱗屑、糜爛、浸漬、萎縮、潰瘍、結(jié)痂、裂隙、瘢痕、抓痕、苔蘚化。,Macule:,A macule is a circumscribed,flat lesion that differs from surrounding skin because of its color.,斑疹：,局限性皮膚顏色改變，不

3、高起或凹陷皮面,。,A,C,斑疹：,局限性色素改變,色素沉著斑（,A,）,色素減退板（,B,）,炎癥性充血（,C,）,B,Papule,：,A papule is a small,solid,elevated lesion.,Papules are usually smaller than 1 cm in diameter.,丘疹：,局限性實(shí)質(zhì)性隆起，直徑小于,1cm,。,丘疹：,局限性實(shí)質(zhì)性隆起，,直徑通常小于,0.5cm,炎癥性丘疹（,左上圖,）,病毒感染性丘疹（,左下圖,）,斑塊：,丘疹融合而成，直徑大于,1cm,Nodule,：,A nodule is a palpable,solid

4、,round or ellipsoidal lesion.,Depth of involvement and/or substantive palpability rather than diameter differentiate a nodule from a papule.,結(jié)節(jié)：,實(shí)質(zhì)性隆起，侵犯深度與直徑大于丘疹,結(jié)節(jié)：,實(shí)質(zhì)性隆起,腫瘤性結(jié)節(jié),（,A,）,代謝異常性結(jié)節(jié),（,B,）,A,B,Wheal,：,A wheal,or hive is a round or flat-topped papule or plaque that is characteristically eva

5、nescent,disppearing within 24 hours.,風(fēng)團(tuán)：,暫時(shí)性、局限性皮膚水腫性隆起，持續(xù)時(shí)間通常短于,24,小時(shí),風(fēng)團(tuán)：,暫時(shí)性、局限性皮膚水腫性隆起,Vesicle and bullae:,A vesicle is a circumscribed,elevated lesion that contains fluid.A bullae is a vesicle larger than 0.5cm.Can be epidermal or subepidermal.,水皰：,含有液體高出皮面的損害。直徑大于,0.5cm,為,大皰,.,A,B,水皰：含有液體高出皮面的損

6、害。,大皰：,含有液體高出皮面的損害，直徑大于,0.5cm,。,Pustule:,A pustule is a circumscribed,raised lesion that contains a purulent exudate.,膿皰,:,含有膿液的皰疹。與此類似的損害如,血皰,膿皰,:,含有膿液的皰疹,.,Cysts:,A cyst is a sac that contains liquid or semisolid material(fluid,cells,and cell products),on palpation,it is resilient.,囊腫,:,含有液體或半固體物質(zhì)

7、的囊性損害,觸之有彈性,.,囊腫,:,含有液體或半固體物質(zhì)的囊性損害,觸之有彈性,.,Scale,desquamation:,Abnormal shedding or accumulation of stratum corneum in perceptible flakes is called scaling.,鱗屑：,脫落的表皮細(xì)胞及其它成分,鱗屑：,脫落的表皮細(xì)胞,及其它成分,Erosion:,A erosion is a moist,circumscribed,usually depressed lesion that results from loss of all or a port

8、ion of the viable epidermis.,糜爛：,表皮的缺損，愈后不留疤痕。,糜爛：,表皮的缺損，淺表,Ulcer:,An ulcer is a depressed lesion in which the epidermis and at least the upper dermis have been destroied.,潰瘍：,皮膚缺損達(dá)到真皮或真皮以下,潰瘍：,皮膚缺損達(dá)到真皮或真皮以下,Atrophy:,Atrophy refers to a diminution in the size of a cell,tissue,organ or part of the bo

9、dy.,萎縮：,指機(jī)體某部分（包括皮膚）減少,萎縮：,指機(jī)體某部分（包括皮膚）減少,Crusts:,Crusts are hardened deposits that result when serum,blood,or purulent exudate debris on the skin surface,and they are characteristic of pyogenic infections.,結(jié)痂：,創(chuàng)面上多種成分混合干燥物,結(jié)痂：,創(chuàng)面上多種成分混合干燥物,。,皮疹的描述,專業(yè)術(shù)語,位置：,按照實(shí)際位置描述，屈側(cè)，伸側(cè),性質(zhì)：,原發(fā)疹，繼發(fā)疹,大?。?以實(shí)物為參照,:,針頭

10、大，粟粒大，綠豆大，黃豆大，核桃大，雞蛋大,數(shù)目：,單發(fā)，多發(fā),顏色：,正常皮色，紅色，黃色，黑色，藍(lán)色，白色，棕色等,分布：,對(duì)稱,單側(cè)；局限,播散；沿神經(jīng)血管分布,排列：,散在,融合；孤立,群集；線狀，環(huán)狀，帶狀，不規(guī)則狀,常用術(shù)語,自覺癥狀常用術(shù)語,：,瘙癢、疼痛、水腫、腫脹、壓痛、針刺樣痛、燒灼感,皮膚檢查規(guī)范化描述,紅斑：水腫性紅斑；,白斑：色素減退斑、色素脫失斑；,色素沉著斑,瘀點(diǎn)、瘀斑,丘疹：毛囊性丘疹、炎性丘疹、毛周角化性丘疹、粉刺,鱗屑：,銀白色鱗屑、糠秕狀鱗屑、,粘著性鱗屑、油膩性鱗屑,結(jié)痂：血痂、厚痂、蜜黃色痂,瘢痕：萎縮性瘢痕、增生性瘢痕,散在分布、密集分布、群集性分布、簇集性分布、對(duì)稱分布、單側(cè)分布、全身泛發(fā)、彌漫性、線狀排列、帶狀排列、串珠狀排列、沿血管分布、沿肋間神經(jīng)分布、向心性分布、伸側(cè)、屈側(cè)、間擦部、皺折部、暴露部位、接觸部位,界限,清楚、界限不清、圓形、橢圓形、多角形、不 規(guī)則形、環(huán)狀,表面,光滑、表面粗糙、扁平、隆起、半球形、圓錐形乳頭狀,、,疣狀、菜花狀、中央臍凹,基底,較寬、基底較窄、基底呈蒂狀、周圍繞有紅暈,浸潤增厚、萎縮變薄,水皰,松馳、緊張,質(zhì)硬、柔軟、融合、互不融合、蠟樣光澤,尼氏征、薄膜現(xiàn)象、點(diǎn)狀出血現(xiàn)象,、,Auspitz,征、皮膚劃痕征,