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1、單擊此處編輯母版標(biāo)題樣式,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,第二級,第三級,第四級,第五級,*,教育部大學(xué)外語四級考試,漢英翻譯高分策略,主講人：馬鶴鳴,北京對外經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易大學(xué) 副教授,北京市高等院校外語教學(xué)研究中心 副主任,國家商務(wù)英語研究中心 研究員,大學(xué)外語四六級考試閱卷組 成 員,上海外國語大學(xué)英語語言學(xué) 博 士,講座內(nèi)容提要,大學(xué)外語四級考試漢英翻譯,10,大考點及例句分析,漢英翻譯,A,類句型練習(xí)（,54,個基本句式）,大學(xué)外語四級考試漢英翻譯,10,大考點,及例句分析,漢英翻譯中的10大必考考點：,1.被動語態(tài)在不同時態(tài)中的應(yīng)用,2.形容詞和副詞的比較級（一般不考最高級）,3.倍數(shù)、半數(shù)的

2、表達(dá)法,4.require、demand、order、claim等動詞后接賓語從句時從句的虛擬性表達(dá),5.It is time、It is natural等詞后接賓語從句時從句的虛擬性表達(dá),6.If 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句、及虛擬語氣的表達(dá),定語從句的恰當(dāng)表達(dá),7.no matter 引導(dǎo)的狀語從句,8.主語從句、動詞不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作主語,9.現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞在句子中的應(yīng)用,10.倒裝句式的使用,1.被動語態(tài)在不同時態(tài)中的應(yīng)用,I eat the apple.The apple is eaten(by me).一般現(xiàn)在時,I ate the apple.The apple was eaten(b

3、y me).一般過去時,I will eat the apple.The apple will be eaten(by me).一般將來時,I am eating the apple.The apple is being eaten(by me).現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時,I was eating the apple.The apple was being eaten(by me).過去進(jìn)行時,I will be eating the apple.The apple will be being eaten(by me).將來進(jìn)行時,I have eaten the apple.The apple has b

4、een eaten(by me).現(xiàn)在完成時,I had eaten the apple.The apple had been eaten(by me).過去完成時,I will have eaten the apple.The apple will have been eaten.將來完成時,2.,形容詞和副詞的比較級（一般不考最高級）,2.1 The morethe more,I my sixties one change I notice is that I feel more tired than(I was)before.(2007/12),The more you explain,

5、the more I was confused.(2006/6),2.2 表示“比較”的短語,compare sth.with sth.,sth.is compared with sth.,in comparison with,Your losses in trade this year are nothing when(they are)compared with mine.(2005/6樣題),3.倍數(shù)、半數(shù)的表達(dá)法,3.1 倍數(shù)的表達(dá),The size of my room is three times,the size of yours.,我房間的面積是你房間的三倍。,The mone

6、y you earn is four times,that I earn.,你的掙的錢是我的三倍。,3.2 半數(shù)的表達(dá),On average,visitors spend only,half as much as,in a day in Leeds as in London.(2009/12樣題),His income is,one-forth as much as mine,.,His income is,one-forth of mine,.,4.require、demand、order、claim等動詞后接賓語從句時從句的虛擬性表達(dá),The professor required that

7、,our report,be handed,in by Wednesday.(2006/6),Some psychologists claim that,people,feel lonely,when they go out on their own.(2006/12),I suggest that,he,go to see,the doctor after the test.(2010/6樣題),5.It is time、It is natural等詞后接賓語從句時從句的虛擬性表達(dá),It is time for us to have a walk.,It is the right time(

8、exact time/high time)that,I had a walk.,It is natural for us to try our best to study well.,It is natural that we,(,)try our best to,study well.,It is natural that,we tried our best to,study well.,6.If,引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句、及虛擬語氣的表達(dá),If it rains tomorrow,I wont go to school.(真實語氣),6.1如設(shè)想的事情在將來不可能發(fā)生，則表現(xiàn)為：從句一般過去時+

9、主句過去將來時,If in 2010 all the dogs,became,donkeys,there,would be,no animal to safeguard homes.,6.2 如果If假設(shè)的事情在現(xiàn)在或慣?，F(xiàn)象中不可能發(fā)生，則表現(xiàn)為：從句一般過去時+主句過去將來時,If I,were,you,I,would not,change her habit.,6.3 如果If對過去已成事實的東西表示一種后悔，則表現(xiàn)為：從句過去完成時+主句,would+現(xiàn)在完成時,事實：Yesterday I went to the downtown and I lost my money.,后悔：If

10、 yesterday I,had not gone,to the downtown,I,would not have lost,my money.,7.no matter 引導(dǎo)的狀語從句,The substance does not dissolve in the water no matter,whether it is heated,.(2010/6樣題),This is your home for ever no matter,how far you are in the world.,8.主語從句、動詞不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作主語,That,he joined the army,made ev

11、eryone surprised.It made everyone surprised,that,he joined the army,.,That,he died last night,was a shocking piece of news.It was a shocking piece of news,that,he died last night.,9.現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞在句子中的應(yīng)用,9.1 兩種分詞作狀語,Because Tim came late,Tim was very shy.,省略,省略,Coming late,Tim was very shy.,Because Tim w

12、as scolded,Tim was very shy.,省略,省略省略,Scolded,Tim was very shy,現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動或進(jìn)行；過去分詞表示被動或完成。,9.2 兩種分詞作定語,Mr.Lu is a teacher who teaches us English.,Mr.Lu is a teacher,省略,teaching us English.,Mr.Lu is a teacher who was praised by us.,Mr.Lu is a teacher,省略 省略,praised by us.,9.3 兩種分詞作補語,All of us saw he work

13、ed for 6 hours.,All of us saw him working for 6 hours.,All of us saw he was punished by the teacher.,All of us saw him,省略,punished by the teacher,.,10.倒裝句型：,Only by doing this,can+主語+謂語,Only by doing this,can we realize the 4 modenness.,Not untildo(did)+主語+謂語,Not until he came back,did I go to sleep

14、.,2.漢英翻譯A類句型練習(xí),（54個/出現(xiàn)率66.66%）,1）The size of my room,is three times the size of yours.,我房間的面積是你房間的三倍。,2)Tom bought,a same book as mine,early this morning.,湯姆今天早上買了一本和我的一樣的書。,3）I was reading a novel,when my mother came in,to fetch some books.,我正在讀小說，突然我媽媽進(jìn)來送些書給我。,4）,Since,he has been late,I will,leav

15、e some message notes for him,.,既然他已經(jīng)晚點了，我就給他留幾個便條吧。,5)He eventually succeeded after,（he experienced）many failures.,在經(jīng)歷了許多失敗之后，他終于成功了。,6）We got very surprised,at his going to,school late every day.,我們對他天天上學(xué)遲到感到驚奇。,7）Everybody was,shocked at her killing boyfriend.,她能殺了她男朋友，大家都很吃驚。,8）I dont believe tha

16、t he can,mock/ridicule,me.,我不相信他會嘲弄我。,9）The climate in Shenyang is warmer than,that in Changchun,.,沈陽的天氣比長春暖和。,10）We spent much more money on the project than,we had planned to spend,.,在這個工程上，我們比原計劃花費了更多的錢。,11）Wang Tong deals with everything more carefully than,I（do）,.,王同做任何事情都比我認(rèn)真.,12)Situation is actually better than,was expected.,情況比我們預(yù)計的要好。,13）The money which was spent on the bridge project is much more than,had been expected.,在這個工程上的花費比原來計劃的多得多。,14）We had thought that he was sure to fail th