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1、單擊此處編輯母版標(biāo)題樣式,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,第二級(jí),第三級(jí),第四級(jí),第五級(jí),*,大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)寫(xiě)作備考講座,Writing for CET4,.,.,提綱（Outline),1、,四級(jí)評(píng)分原則,和,標(biāo)準(zhǔn),(Principles and,Standards),2、,常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤,(Mistakes),3、,應(yīng)對(duì)策略,(Strategies),.,.,評(píng)分原則,1、檢查考生是否達(dá)到大學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)大綱規(guī)定的四級(jí)教學(xué)要求。,2、采用總體評(píng)分（Global Scoring)方法,閱卷人員就總的印象給出獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)分（reward scores),而不是按語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)的錯(cuò)誤數(shù)目扣分。,3、從內(nèi)容和語(yǔ)言兩方面對(duì)作文進(jìn)行綜

2、合判斷。作文應(yīng)表達(dá)題目所規(guī)定的內(nèi)容。評(píng)分要考慮文章是否切題，是否清楚而合適地表達(dá)思想，語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤是否造成理解障礙。,.,.,評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（按百分制評(píng)判）,1、滿分15分,2、閱卷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)分五等：2分，5分，8分，11分，14分,3、檔次評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn),2分,，,5分,，,8分,，,11分,，,14分,.,.,2分一塌糊涂,條理不清，思想紊亂，語(yǔ)言支離破碎或大部分句子均有錯(cuò)誤，且多數(shù)為嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)誤。,Nowdays,Social appeared more more free Admissions to museums.its in order to people wasted money.In adition,r

3、ich in peoples life and increase more knowldeges,But some people thought free Adimssions to museums have brought much problems.In hand,a plenty of people visited,.,.,5分糊里糊涂,基本切題，表達(dá)思想不清楚，連貫性差，有較多嚴(yán)重語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤。,In order to enrich the culture of people,more and more musuems were provided free admissions.Someb

4、ody thought it would take some problems like that.,The first,because of free admissions of Museums were attracted a large numbers of people who interested in all around the world.And those who take part in effected the traffic crowed around the museums,even though affected people who live in next to

5、 the museum life,.,.,8分馬馬虎虎,基本切題。有些地方表達(dá)思想不夠清楚，文字勉強(qiáng)連貫；語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤相當(dāng)多，有一些是嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)誤。,There is an interesting and instractive picture which goes like this:More and more museums are free for people.They want more people go to museums.,But some people argue that it make some trouble for free for people.The reason is

6、 the economy of the museums would be worse than before.Worst of all,it may take a mess for more people come to the museums.,.,.,11分清清楚楚,切題。表達(dá)思想清楚，文字連貫，但有少量語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤,Now more and more museums are free without charge to the public.Does that make any sence?,Free admission to musuems helps us save money,but

7、it also encourages us to go to museums to learn something else and get more knowledge.This contributes to improve the living level of the public.It can certainly let us know more about our country and the world,which has a good effect on our development.,Every coin has two sides.It can also bring so

8、me problems.For example,.,.,14分漂漂亮亮,切題。表達(dá)思想清楚，文字通順、連貫，基本上無(wú)語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤。,Example,Free Admission to Museums?,越來(lái)越多的博物館現(xiàn)在免費(fèi)向公眾開(kāi)放,目的是,有人認(rèn)為這樣做會(huì)帶來(lái)一些問(wèn)題,在我看來(lái),.,.,Nowadays,more and more museums are open to the public for free.Free admissions to museums,will,motivate peoples interests in history,arts and science.,In t

9、his way,museums can,provide people with,easier,access to,knowledge,which is,of vital importance,for the whole nation.,.,.,However,some people,hold,that free admissions to museums can,bring about,many problems.Since anybody can enter a museum without paying,the museum can be overcrowded and,it,will b

10、e a difficult job for museums to maintain their collections.,Besides,museums will face financial problems,since,they cant make profits from the admission fee.,Due to,the decrease in profits,museums have less motivation to up-date their collections and out-of-date museums cant avoid the fate to close

11、 up,in the long run.,.,.,In my opinion,free admissions to museums are good for the public,but on the other hand,they may,pose problems to,the museum management.Governments should provide help to museums and guide them to serve the public better.,.,.,常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤,1、篇章：引子過(guò)長(zhǎng)，結(jié)構(gòu)混亂,2、句子結(jié)構(gòu)：缺乏基本的句子意識(shí)，只有詞匯的堆砌,3、詞匯：

12、拼寫(xiě)、動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、名詞單復(fù)數(shù)、形容詞副詞比較級(jí)別、固定搭配、詞匯的選擇等方面錯(cuò)誤,.,.,應(yīng)對(duì)策略,1、篇章：,開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山，直奔主題,（緊扣所給提綱寫(xiě)出主題句）。使用合適的方法展開(kāi)主題句（常用方法如：列舉，因果，舉例等）,2、句子結(jié)構(gòu)：適當(dāng)使用,從句,、,倒裝句、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、插入語(yǔ),，從而使文章句子結(jié)構(gòu)稍微復(fù)雜而富于變化。,3、詞匯：盡量使用與主題相關(guān)的一些重要詞匯，避開(kāi)用得過(guò)于泛濫的詞匯。,.,.,4.,豐富多變.,豐富多變主要體現(xiàn)在詞匯和句型兩方面。同一詞語(yǔ)在一句話、一個(gè)段落乃至一篇文章中最好不要重復(fù)出現(xiàn)，應(yīng)盡量使用同、近義詞替換(無(wú)法替換的關(guān)鍵詞除外)。例如：think可以替換為reckon

13、,assume,argue等詞。此外，句型也應(yīng)富于變化，不要拘泥于“主謂賓”句型，可以使用“主系表”、過(guò)去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)、不定式短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)從句等多種句型。.,.,.,5.,長(zhǎng)短互現(xiàn)。,四級(jí)作文如果量化成句數(shù)，只需寫(xiě),十句,左右；六級(jí)只需12句左右。全文應(yīng)以短句為主，長(zhǎng)短句相結(jié)合。所謂短句是指十個(gè)詞左右的句子，不能全篇都是五六個(gè)詞的短句。同時(shí)，全文應(yīng)有一定數(shù)量的長(zhǎng)句，一般1520詞即可。精煉的短句可以放在段首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)；復(fù)雜的長(zhǎng)句可以進(jìn)行具體的論證、舉例或描述。,.,.,常用從句,1、Which引導(dǎo)的 非限定性定語(yǔ)從句,2、狀語(yǔ)從句（結(jié)果、原因、時(shí)間、比較）,Sothat;beca

14、use/since;before/after,notuntil;while/whereas,3、名詞性從句（同位語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句）,.,.,倒裝、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和插入語(yǔ)的使用,1、not onlybut also,Only bycan,Not untildo,2、分詞做狀語(yǔ)，動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),3、適當(dāng)插入一些副詞或介詞短語(yǔ)等,This measure,undoubtedly(in my opinion),will eliminate the waste of water.,.,.,英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)作文八種常用句型,.,.,一.原因,1.A number of factors might contrib

15、ute to(lead to)(account for)the phenomenon(problem).,2.The answer to this problem involves many factors.,3.The factors that contribute to this situation include.,4.The change in.largely results from the fact that.,5.One of the most common factors(causes)is that.,6.Another contributing factor(cause)i

16、s.,7.Perhaps the primary factor is that,8.But the fundamental cause is that,.,.,二.比較,1.The advantage far outweigh the disadvantages.,2.The advantages of A are much greater than those of B.,3.For all the disadvantages,it has its compensating advantages.,4.Like anything else,it has its faults.,5.A and B has several points in common.,6.A and B differ in several ways.,7.Evidently,it has both negative and positive effects.,8.People used to think.,but things are different now.,.,.,三.批駁,1)It is true th