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1、單擊此處編輯母版標(biāo)題樣式,,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,,第二級,,第三級,,第四級,,第五級,,,*,選詞填空,,,一、題型簡介,,本題型出現(xiàn)在仔細(xì)閱讀部分（共,25,分鐘），在兩篇傳統(tǒng)閱讀文章之前（每篇文章解題時間約為,9,分鐘）。所以本題型共,10,道小題最佳完成時間應(yīng)控制在,7,分鐘。,,考試要求在,7,分鐘左右時間內(nèi)將題目給出的,15,個詞匯填入,10,個空格中。,,二、考點(diǎn)分析,,,考試形式與傳統(tǒng)考題的完形填空相似。,,選詞填空，當(dāng)然是考詞匯。但較之以往專門的詞匯題,,,選詞填空是對詞匯更完全的更高層次的考察；因?yàn)樗疾斓?，是在篇章中對詞匯的把握。,,考核的主要目的是檢查考生,在上

2、下文中猜測詞義的能力,以及,單詞詞性識別能力,。,,遇到生詞怎么辦？時間不夠怎么辦？考前訓(xùn)練時注意培養(yǎng)以上兩種能力，考試時加以運(yùn)用，會大大提高答中率。,,三、熟悉題型的英文指引,,,Section A,,Directions:,,In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks .You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage .Read the passa

3、ge through carefully before making your choices .Each choice in bank is identified by a letter .Please mark the corresponding letter for each item,on Answer Sheet 2,with a single line through the center .,You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.,,四、解題方法,,,一、辨析詞性,,把十五個選項(xiàng)按詞性分別歸入名詞、

4、動詞、形容詞、副詞等類別。,辨性要注意下面幾點(diǎn)。,,1,．動詞還要分兩類，那就是謂語和非謂語動詞。所謂非謂語動詞，就是,-,ing,, -ed, to do,型的，其它的都是謂語動詞。但,-ed,型的有兩種可能性，無法確定的要先打問號。,,2,．記不得的，看后綴。有構(gòu)詞法中，前綴表明意思，后綴表明詞性。所以看一個詞的后綴，往往能大致分出詞性。請參照附件“英語后綴”。,,3,．詞性一時無法確定的，暫時擱置，不必糾纏，影響全局。,,4,．作出相應(yīng)的標(biāo)記?？芍苯佑米约鹤钋宄姆柷宄?biāo)在每個詞前后。不清楚的都標(biāo)問號。,,,2006,年,6,月,24,日新四級考試真題解析,,,EI Nino is t

5、he name given to the mysterious and often unpredictable change in the climate of the world. This strange,47,happens every five to eight years. It starts in the pacific Ocean and is thought to be caused by a failure in the,trade winds,(,信風(fēng),), which affects the ocean currents driven by these winds. As

6、 the trade winds lessen in,48,, the ocean temperatures rise, causing the Peru current flowing in from the east to warm up by as much as 5℃. The warning of the ocean has far-reaching effects. The hot, humid (,潮濕的,)air over the ocean causes severe,49,thunderstorms. The rainfall is increased across Sou

7、th America,,50,floods to Peru. In the West Pacific, there are droughts affecting Australia and Indonesia. So while some parts of the world prepare for heavy rains and floods, other parts face drought, poor crops and,51,. EI Nino usually lasts for about 18 months. The 1982-83 EI Nino brought the most

8、,52,,weather in modern history. Its effect was worldwide and it left more than 2,000 people dead and caused over eight billion pounds,53,of damage. The 1990 EI Nino lasted until June 1995. Scientists,54,this,,to be,,the longest EI Nino for 2,000 years.,,其選項(xiàng)如下：,,,A) estimate,；,B) strength,；,,C) delib

9、erately,；,D) notify,；,,E) tropical,；,F) phenomenon,；,,G) stable,；,H) attraction,；,,I) completely,；,J) destructive,；,,K) starvation,；,L) bringing,；,,M) exhaustion,；,N) worth,；,,O) strike,Nowadays, weather experts are able to forecast when an,,EI Nino will,55,, but they are still not,56,sure what lead

10、s to it or what affects how strong it will be.,,以真題為例辨詞性,,,estimate,；,B) strength,；,C) deliberately,；,,D) notify,；,,E) tropical,；,F) phenomenon,；,,,G) stable,,H) attraction,；,I) completely,；,,J) destructive,；,K) starvation,；,L) bringing,；,,M) exhaustion,；,N) worth,；,O) strike,注意：即使從沒見過，也想辦法看能否判斷其詞性，

11、詞的性質(zhì)有時比詞義還重要。詞的性質(zhì)并不總是固定的，有些不認(rèn)識的或無法確定的，如,N) worth (adj./n.),，可先擱置，不要過度糾纏。,,名詞：,B,F,H,K,M,（,B,的后綴,th,, H,、,K,、,M,的,tion,都是名詞后綴）,謂語動詞：,A,D,O,（,A,的,-ate,極可能是動詞，,D,的,-,fy,為動詞后綴）,,非謂語動詞：,L,（,-,ing,結(jié)尾）,,形容詞：,E, G, J, N,（,E,的,-cal, G,的,able, J,的,tive,是形容詞后綴）,,副詞：,C,和,I,（,ly,加在形容詞后為副詞后綴）,,,二、綜合解題,,,將選項(xiàng)分類之后，就

12、得從文章中來尋找對應(yīng)的線索了。選項(xiàng)與文章匹配的因素有兩個，第一是詞性，第二是詞義。所以在讀文章時，要通過各種手段來確定空格的詞性與意義。,一個完整的句子之后再跟逗號，后面一般是非謂語動詞短語。,,,The rainfall is increased across South America,,50,floods to Peru.,（前面是一個完整的句子，逗號后跟的，一般是非謂語動詞短語。此題選項(xiàng)中非謂語動詞只有一個，故直選之。）,50. L bringing,,Nowadays, weather experts are able to forecast when an El Nino will

13、,55,,,but..(will,后面必然是原形動詞，一起構(gòu)成謂語,),55. O strike,,（,一）確定詞性，確定選項(xiàng)的選擇范圍,,,,1,）關(guān)于動詞的判斷,,,前后都是名詞短語，中間是動詞 。,,根據(jù)一句（包括從句）有且只有一個謂動的原則，其它地方如無謂語動詞，則需要謂語動詞；反之則不需要謂語動詞。,,2,）其它詞的判斷,形容詞或名詞修飾名詞，限定詞（,the, this, that, a, my,之類）后必有名詞,This strange,47,happens every five to eight years.,（這個,/,種奇怪的？，當(dāng)然要一個名詞了）,47. F phenom

14、enon,The hot, humid (,潮濕的,) air over the ocean causes severe,49,thunderstorms.,（嚴(yán)重的？風(fēng)暴，可能是形容詞，也可能是名詞）,49. E tropical,El Nino usually lasts for about 18 months. The 1981-83 El Nino brought the most,52,weather in modern history.,（前面是最高級的修飾語，自然是形容詞。）,52. J destructive,,介詞后面必有名詞,謂語動詞前有名詞主語,This strange,

15、47,happens every five to eight years.,（,happens,是謂語動詞，也可知前面為名詞短語，缺一個核心名詞。）,47. F phenomenon,,As the trade winds lessen in,48,, the ocean temperatures rise, causing the Peru current flowing in from the east to warm up by as much as 5 °C.,,（在介詞,in,的后面，當(dāng)為名詞無疑，此處整個短語來修飾,lessen,減少，當(dāng)為在某個方面減少。）,,,48. B str

16、ength,副詞修飾形容詞或動詞,…, but they are still not,56,sure what leads to it or what affects how strong it will be.,（修飾形容詞,sure,,當(dāng)為副詞）,56. I completely,,（二）句里句外，猜測詞義,,一看搭配：主謂賓、主系表與修飾 詞直接的搭配關(guān)系決定著詞的意義。所以先看它被誰修飾，與誰形成主謂賓關(guān)系?？匆环N關(guān)系不行就看另一個，靈活處之。,二 看邏輯：,,1,．句內(nèi),(,狀語從句，解釋，并列等,),So while some parts of the world prepare

17、for heavy rains and floods, other parts face drought, poor crops and,51,.,,,空格與前面兩個名詞并列，意味著意思相近。與干旱、收成不好一致的，很容易選出,starvation,饑荒,.,51. K starvation,,2,．前文（指代等、句間連詞）,,,This strange,47,happens every five to eight years.,,This,告訴我們，此處是重提前面講到過的某個東西。前面講到過的核心概念就是,El Nino,,無疑是一種天氣“現(xiàn)象”。,47. F phenomenon,表示可從

18、前文找相應(yīng)線索的有兩類。,,與,this,一大類的還有：,This/these/such; the same/similar; worse/better/more/less,等。,,還有就是表示邏輯關(guān)系的句間連詞，或者叫連接副詞。主要的如下。,,遞進(jìn)：,Moreover/furthermore/what’s more/besides/in addition/even/also,,,轉(zhuǎn)折：,however/but/rather/instead,,,因果：,therefore/consequently/accordingly/thus/hence,,,3,．后文,,El Nino usually

19、lasts for about 18 months. The 1981-83 El Nino brought the most,52,weather in modern history. Its effect was worldwide and it left more than 2,000 people dead and caused over eight billion pounds,53,of damage.,,,段落開始部分，提出一個總的概括性的說法。往往在下文有分述。,El Nino,究竟帶來的是什么樣的天氣，后面一句就交代得十分清楚。,52. J destructive,(dead

20、 , damage),,三看習(xí)慣用法：固定搭配,,Its effect was worldwide and it left more than 2,000 people dead and caused over eight billion pounds,53,of damage.,,53. N worth,,此處考的是,worth,這個詞的特殊用法。它本是一個形容詞，但可用,…worth of,sth,.,來表明價值某物的某東西。,,,e.g. The fire caused,thousands of pounds' worth of,damage.,四、帶項(xiàng)檢查,,帶入已選答案，重新通讀文章以核對其是否邏輯語意正確。,,五、總結(jié),,,選擇填空考的是猜測詞義的能力，其核心在于通過各種線索來確定詞性和意義，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)成功匹配。解題方法也相應(yīng)產(chǎn)生。,,先通過詞的后綴等對選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行合理的分類，分不出的可先模糊處理。,,再通過文章逐一確定空格所需要的詞性和意義。它需要看句子中此詞所處的位置，它的周邊環(huán)境。,,有時甚至需要跳出此句，看前文或后文。如指代詞,/,句間連詞告訴我們要向前尋找；而段首的抽象表達(dá)可能要從下文找到鑰匙。,,