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1、單擊此處編輯母版標(biāo)題樣式,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,第二級,第三級,第四級,第五級,*,大學(xué)英語四級翻譯,新四級的整個試卷在整體上追求題目高密度、題型多樣化以及知識點(diǎn)的高含金量。,翻譯部分要求5分鐘處理5個句子。但四級階段考生受詞匯量和知識結(jié)構(gòu)影響,基本缺乏雙語翻譯的訓(xùn)練和技巧,所以這部分得分率并不高。實(shí)際上,四級試卷上的翻譯部分并不太復(fù)雜。,其一,考題只考查漢譯英,沒有英譯漢。大學(xué)英語讀寫教材中,每課都有漢譯英譯句練習(xí),應(yīng)該是學(xué)生非常熟悉的題型。相比較,考研翻譯中的長句英譯漢則難得多;,其二,內(nèi)容單純,不需要專業(yè)理論知識。題目內(nèi)容既沒有高難度的新聞翻譯、文學(xué)翻譯,也不涉及科技經(jīng)貿(mào)翻譯中的專業(yè)
2、知識,只是一般的短句翻譯,沒有大主題語境,也談不上翻譯的“信、達(dá)、雅”標(biāo)準(zhǔn),四級程度學(xué)生可以勝任,。,其三,名為翻譯,實(shí)為補(bǔ)全句子,考查語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞組運(yùn)用知識。每句只涉及15個左右的英語詞,需添入的部分也只有3到8個單詞,其中隱含著四級水平考生應(yīng)當(dāng)掌握的句型、語法、詞組知識點(diǎn)。,樣題,以下是樣題所提供的5個翻譯句子,我們根據(jù)其內(nèi)容來推測可能考查的知識點(diǎn):,87.,The substance does not dissolve in water _(,不管是否加熱)。,本句意為:不管是否加熱,這種物質(zhì)都不會溶解于水。前半句所給的信息并不重要,考生憑四級詞匯知識可以理解,substance(,物質(zhì)
3、)和,dissolve(,溶解)兩個單詞的意義??紤]提示部分的漢語,“不管是否”即“,whether or”,,很容易找到這個對應(yīng)結(jié)構(gòu)。關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)在于對“加熱”的理解,是主動還是被動處理,從上下文意義推斷出是,water,被加熱,所以我們采用被動方式,即,whether(it is)heated or not,,,填入部分作讓步狀語從句,,it is,可以被省略。,考查重點(diǎn):,從句知識:尤其讓步狀語從句,注意復(fù)習(xí),whether or,though,no matter how,等表達(dá)的用法。,分詞用法:注意辨別現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞,同時考慮動詞被動語態(tài)的運(yùn)用。,88.,Not only _(,他向我
4、收費(fèi)過高),,but he didn,t do a good repair job either.,本句意為:他不但向我收費(fèi)過高,而且東西修理得不怎么樣。,本句中要考慮兩個層面,首先是動詞,“,收費(fèi),”,的對應(yīng)詞,應(yīng)當(dāng)是,“,charge,”,。,“,過高,”,則往往使用,too high,或,too much,由于主體內(nèi)容是金錢而不是溫度,我們用經(jīng)常搭配的,“,much,”,。,更加巧妙的用詞是,“,overcharge,”,,,恰好可以把意思?xì)w并到一起。還要考慮的是本句中,“,not only,but,”,結(jié)構(gòu)中出現(xiàn)了否定詞前置到句首的現(xiàn)象,自然是倒裝句的標(biāo)志。結(jié)合后半句的一般過去時形式,
5、我們不得不把助動詞,did,提煉出來,按照倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)翻譯成,“,Not only did he charge me too much,”,或者,“,Not only did he overcharge me,”,。,考查重點(diǎn):,倒裝句結(jié)構(gòu)中的否定詞前置現(xiàn)象。類似的知識點(diǎn)還要注意,Never/Neither/Hardly/Scarcely,等否定詞在句首的倒裝情況。,89.,Your losses in trade this year are nothing _(,與我的相比)。,本句意為,“,你在生意中的損失與我的相比不值一題。,”,翻譯時有兩個知識點(diǎn)容易出錯,首先,,“,與,相比,”,考查詞組
6、知識,四級程度同學(xué)應(yīng)當(dāng)掌握,“,compared with,”,或者,“,in comparison with,”,但常有考生把,“,compare with,”,與,“,compare to,”,(,把,比做)混淆,或者沒有考慮過去分詞形式。此外,,“,我的,”,應(yīng)當(dāng)使用物主代詞所有格,“,mine,”,,,此處不宜寫成,“,my losses,”,。,故此處可以譯為“,in comparison with mine,”或“,compared with mine,”。,考查重點(diǎn):,詞組知識:需要考生把握大批類似,compare with,以及名詞形式,in comparison with,的
7、詞組或短語,其中固定搭配需要使用的介詞副詞非常重要。,分詞形式:在句子中做修飾成分與前者構(gòu)成主動被動關(guān)系至關(guān)重要。,90.,On average,it is said,visitors spend only _(,一半的錢),in a day in Leeds as in London.,本句意為:據(jù)說,游客平均一天在利茲花掉的錢只有在倫敦的一半那么多。,顯然本句在拿,as,as,結(jié)構(gòu)做文章。因?yàn)槭潜容^關(guān)系,把在,Leeds,和在,London,的費(fèi)用做比較,所以后半句有明確的,“,as,”,一詞??杖辈糠质且?“,as,”,還要有,“,half,”,和,“,money,”,。,關(guān)鍵是次序如
8、何調(diào)理。根據(jù)比較結(jié)構(gòu)中的倍數(shù)原則,倍數(shù)數(shù)字放在最開始,例如:,four times/half/one third+,as much/many+n.+as,因此本句要填入,“,half as much money,”,。,考查重點(diǎn):,比較結(jié)構(gòu):本句考查同級比較中的倍數(shù)關(guān)系,類似表達(dá)還有,twice as much(many)as,91.,By contrast,American mothers were more likely_(,把孩子的成功歸因于),natural talent.,本句意為:相比較,美國的母親們更可能把孩子的成功歸因于天賦。本句再次在詞組方面進(jìn)行考查,,“,把,歸因于,”,是
9、大學(xué)英語四級考查率極高的一個語言點(diǎn),有時表達(dá)因果關(guān)系最復(fù)雜的動詞詞組。應(yīng)當(dāng)熟練把握,“,attribute,to,”,的拼寫和用法。此外,不要忽略另外一個詞的用法,“,be likely to,”,表示,“,容易,”,、,“,可能,”,等意義,稍不小心就會把,to,漏掉??傊?,需要填入的部分拼貼在一起就是,“,to attribute their children,s success to,”,。,考查重點(diǎn):,動詞詞組,表示因果關(guān)系的,attribute,to,。,需要熟練掌握用法的還有,lead to,result in,result from,be to blame for,be resp
10、onsible for。,另外,還要學(xué)會使用拼寫類似的詞組,contribute to,,表示,“,有助于,對,做出貢獻(xiàn),”,。,小結(jié),如果仔細(xì)研究以上樣題的考點(diǎn),不難發(fā)現(xiàn)新四級在放棄專門的詞匯語法結(jié)構(gòu)題型后,把相關(guān)知識點(diǎn)設(shè)置到了其它的幾種題型中。至少我們未來面對的翻譯部分就重點(diǎn)考查了各類詞組語法的知識,而且全是原來四級題目中的重點(diǎn)。那么倒裝句、虛擬語氣、分詞、從句、詞組仍然有用武之地。準(zhǔn)備新四級千萬不要與以往的知識割裂,熟練掌握四級大綱規(guī)定的詞匯、詞組、語法知識,并且活學(xué)活用,才會對新的題型游刃有余。,Practice,1.I have had great deal of trouble _
11、.(,跟得上班上的其他同學(xué),),2._(,我們沒有人料到主席會出現(xiàn),)at the party.We thought he was still in hospital.,3.A good many proposals were raised by the delegates,_(,正如預(yù)料的那樣,).,keeping up with the rest of the class,None of us expected the chairman to turn up,as was to be expected,4.Most doctors recognize that medicine is as
12、 much _(,是一門科學(xué),也是一門藝術(shù),).5.Some women _(,本來能夠掙一份很好的工資,)in a job instead of staying home,but they decided not to work for the sake of the family.,6.Over a third of the population was estimated _(,無法獲得,)to the health service.,an art as it is a science,could have made a good salary,to have no access,7.A
13、lthough punctual himself,the professor was quite used _(,習(xí)慣了學(xué)生遲到,)his lecture.,8.The price of beer _ (,從,50,美分到,4,美元不等,)per liter during the summer season.,9.Wed like _(,預(yù)訂一張餐桌,)five for dinner this evening.,10.Theres a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _(,想找麻煩,).,t
14、o students being late for,ranges/varies from 50 cents to$4,to reserve a table for,to make trouble,11.It may be necessary to stop _(,每隔,時間,)in the learning process and go back to the difficult points in the lessons.,12.The mad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he _(,傷害自己,).,13.Jean did not hav
15、e time to go to the concert last night because she was _(,忙著準(zhǔn)備,)her examination.,14.The ships generator broke down and the pumps _(,不得不用手工操,作,)instead of mechanically.,at intervals,injure himself,busy preparing for,had to be operated manually,15.Why didnt you tell me you could lend me the money?I _(
16、,本來不必從銀行借錢的,),16.By the time you get to New York,I _ (,已經(jīng)動身去,)London.17.Buying clothes _ (,是一件很耗時的工作,),because those clothes that a person likes are rarely the ones that fit him or her.,neednt have borrowed it from the bank,shall have left for,is often a very time-consuming job,18.Its time _(,采取措施,)about the traffic problem downtown.,19.When I was very young,I was terribly frightened of school,but I soon _(,克服了這種心理,).,20.Please dont stand in the kitchen,youre _(,擋路了,).,something was done/,some m