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1、單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,第二級(jí),2017/9/19,#,單擊此處編輯母版標(biāo)題樣式,四級(jí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí),選詞填空,考查形式,一篇,280,詞左右的文章,文章中挖出,10,個(gè)空,并統(tǒng)一給出,A-O 15,個(gè)備選答案。,解題步驟,1,.,預(yù)覽全文,確定主題。,在做題之前首先要,預(yù)覽全文,,確定文章的主題,重點(diǎn)閱讀,首段首句,,及,各段的首句,來確定文章的大致內(nèi)容。主要關(guān)注文章涉及的人物、事件、地方、原因及結(jié)果。關(guān)注那些,反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的詞匯,,可以幫助我們把握文章大致內(nèi)容的重要線索。,解題步驟,2.,分析選項(xiàng),確定詞性。,確定文章主題后,分析,15,個(gè)詞,要,標(biāo)出單詞的詞性和詞義,,對(duì)于不熟悉的單詞或不認(rèn)識(shí)的
2、單詞可以只標(biāo)出詞性。,解題步驟,3.,開始答題,先易后難。,分析完詞性后,根據(jù)文中空前后的單詞或語句,確定所填詞的詞性,,把對(duì)應(yīng)詞性的選項(xiàng)逐一帶到原文,選出詞性、意思、語法都符合要求的最佳選項(xiàng)。此時(shí)還要注意,分析句子的邏輯關(guān)系,。,解題步驟,4.,重讀文章,確定答案。,在答題后,還要,重讀文章,,迅速的,復(fù)查,,檢查上下文的,邏輯結(jié)構(gòu),是否正確,,文章的意思,是否出現(xiàn)偏差等。進(jìn)一步來確定答案。,詞匯特點(diǎn),目前四級(jí)考試只考,實(shí)詞,中的四種:,名詞,n,做主語和賓語,動(dòng)詞,v,做謂語,,形容詞,adj,做定語,,副詞,adv,做狀語。不考代詞,pron,和數(shù)詞,num,;也不考虛詞(冠詞,art,
3、介詞,prep,連詞,conj,感嘆詞);,動(dòng)詞歸類要細(xì)分為,v,,,ved,ving,。因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)空可以填動(dòng)詞,但填原形還是過去式還是,ing,形式,要自己根據(jù)語法判斷。,詞匯特點(diǎn),15,個(gè)單詞中,4,個(gè)名詞,(,3,個(gè)正確項(xiàng),+1,個(gè)干擾項(xiàng))、,4,個(gè)動(dòng)詞,(,3,個(gè)正確項(xiàng),+1,個(gè)干擾項(xiàng))、,5,個(gè)形容詞,(,3,個(gè)正確項(xiàng),+2,個(gè)干擾項(xiàng))、,2,個(gè)副詞,(,1,個(gè)正確項(xiàng),+1,個(gè)干擾項(xiàng))。四級(jí)大部分文章都存在以上特點(diǎn),但是有時(shí)也不完全一致,僅以此特點(diǎn)作為答題的一個(gè)參考。,四種實(shí)詞中,考的最少的是副詞,adv,不超過兩個(gè)空。剩下的三種平均每次有三道題。通過研究樣題和真題,發(fā)現(xiàn),動(dòng)詞一直是考
4、三個(gè)。另外三種詞性,,有兩個(gè)的,也有四個(gè)的。,詞性判斷技巧,1.,確定空格為,名詞,(,1,),a/an/the n.,adj.n.,vt.n.,即空格處,前面為冠詞、形容詞或者及物動(dòng)詞的,,空格處應(yīng)填入名詞;(,2,),n.v.,即空格處,后面是動(dòng)詞的,,空格處應(yīng)填入該動(dòng)詞的主語(名詞);(,3,),prep.n.,即空格處,前面是介詞的,,空格處充當(dāng)介詞賓語,用填入一個(gè)名詞或動(dòng)名詞。,2.,確定空格為,動(dòng)詞,(,1,),n./pron.vt.n./pron.,即空格處前面已經(jīng)有名詞,/,代詞作,主語,,后面又有名詞,/,代詞作為動(dòng)詞的,賓語,,空格處應(yīng)為及物動(dòng)詞;(,2,),n./pron
5、.vi.,即空格處,前面是名詞,/,代詞,,后面沒有賓語,空格處應(yīng)填不及物動(dòng)詞;(,3,),n./pron.vi.adv./prep.,即空格處,前面是名詞,/,代詞,,空格處,后面是副詞,/,介詞,,空格處應(yīng)填入不及物動(dòng)詞,與副詞,/,介詞構(gòu)成固定搭配;(,4,),n./pron.link v./be.adj.,即空格處,前面是名詞,/,代詞,,,后面是形容詞,,空格處應(yīng)填入,系動(dòng)詞或,be,動(dòng)詞,;(,5,),to v.,即空格處前有,不定式標(biāo)志,to,,空格處應(yīng)填入,動(dòng)詞原形,;另一種情況,to,是介詞,,后面應(yīng)填入,動(dòng)名詞,。,3.,確定空格為,形容詞,(,1,),adj.n.,或,n
6、.adj.,即空格處,前面或者后面為名詞的,,空格處應(yīng)填入形容詞;(,2,),adv.adj.,即空格處,前面是副詞的,,空格處應(yīng)填入形容詞;(,3,),link/be v.adj.,即空格處,前面是系動(dòng)詞或,be,動(dòng)詞的,,空格處應(yīng)填入形容詞作表語。,4.,確定空格為,副詞,(,1,),adv.v.,或,v.adv.,即空格處,前面或者后面為動(dòng)詞的,,空格處應(yīng)填入副詞;(,2,),adv.adj.,即空格處后面是,形容詞的,,空格處應(yīng)填入副詞。,5.,利用邏輯關(guān)系詞,確定答案,在篇章詞匯理解題目中,文章的邏輯關(guān)系對(duì)于把握整篇文章是很重要的,文章的邏輯關(guān)系通過一些邏輯關(guān)系詞體現(xiàn)的,可以通過邏輯
7、關(guān)系詞來確定出一些答案。,常見的邏輯關(guān)系詞匯,1.,并列:,and,or,as well as,等,2.,對(duì)比、轉(zhuǎn)折:,but,however,on the contrary,rather than,等,3.,比較:,as.as,like,similarly,等,4.,因果:,because,for,since,as a result of,therefore,thus,等,5.,舉例:,for example,for instance,such as,and so on,等,6.,遞進(jìn):,whats more,moreover,in addition,等,Eg.,1.He _ from hi
8、s teachers,came home in tears and thought about dropping out.,2.The 1982-83 EI Nino brought the most _ weather in modern history.,3.In particular,when older patients _ of pain,they were told it was a natural part of aging and they would have to learn to live with it.,4.In Arizona and Texas,bilingual
9、 students_ outperform their peers in monolingual programs.,hid,destructive,complained,consistently,Eg.,5.They are presented with a _of human experiences and come to respect other ways of thought and living,6.The rainfall is increased across South America,_ floods to Peru.,7.While enriching their ima
10、gination,,,books _ their outlook,,,develop a fact-finding attitude and train them to use leisure properly,8.Thats why a growing number of hospitals now depend upon physicians who _ in pain medicine.,diversity,specialize,widen,bringing,常用后綴,常見名詞后綴:,1,.-ion,-sion,-tion,-ation,-ition,表示,行為的過程,結(jié)果,狀況,act
11、ion,profession,starvation,,,conclusion,,,correction,2.,-ant,-ent,表示,者“,merchant,agent,servant,3.,-ment,表示,行為,狀態(tài),過程,手段及其結(jié)果,treatment,movement,judgment,punishment,4,.-ity,,表示,性質(zhì),狀態(tài),程度“,purity,reality,ability,quality,,,diversity,常見動(dòng)詞后綴:,1.,-ize,ise,表示“做成,變成,,化”,modernize,democratize,organize,2.,-fy,表示“
12、使,化,使成”,beautify,purify,intensify,simplify,3.,-ate,表示“成為,,處理,作用”,separate,operate,indicate,4.,-en,表示“使成為,引起,使有”,quicken,weaken,soften,harden,常見形容詞后綴:,1.,able,,表示,“能,的”、“適合于,的”、具有,特點(diǎn)的,stable,reliable,affordable,comfortable,2.,-tive,,,-sive,,表示與,有關(guān)的”、“具有,性質(zhì)的”,destructive,,,excessive,,,sensitive,,,active,3.,-ous,,表示“充滿,的”、“具有,特征的”,unconscious,,,enormous,4.,some,,表示“使人,的”、“易于,的”,handsome,t roublesome,tiresome,5,.ic,,,-ical,表示“,似的”、“與,有關(guān)的”,electric,,,arctic,historic,,,physical,political,practical,