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1、單擊此處編輯母版標(biāo)題樣式,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,第二級,第三級,第四級,第五級,*,單擊此處編輯母版標(biāo)題樣式,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,第二級,第三級,第四級,第五級,*,語言知識與應(yīng)用,一、冠詞,1、冠詞是虛詞，本身不,能單 獨使用，也沒有,詞義，它用在 名詞的,前面，幫助指明名詞,的,含義。,重點歸納：,2、冠詞分為不,定冠詞a,an,和定冠詞,the兩種。,一、不定冠詞的用法,例1 Jacks father is _ doctor.,A.a,B.an C.some D./,分析,a和an均用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞之前，表示一類人或事物中的“任何”一個，相當(dāng)于漢語中的“一”，但不用于強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)目的

2、概念。,A,例2 There is _“f”and _,“u”in the word“four”.,A.an,a B.a,a,C.an,an D.a,an,分析,在名詞前使用a或an要取決于該名詞的讀音。如果首字母的讀音是元音音素，應(yīng)用an；如果首字母的讀音是輔音音素，應(yīng)用a。,A,歸納,：1.a,e,i,o,u五個元音字母處于詞首時，未必都是元音音素，u發(fā)音是,ju:,或,ju,時前面用冠詞a，u讀,時前面用冠詞an。,2.26個字母中以開頭為元音音素發(fā)音的字母有：f,ef,h eich,l el,n en,r a,；,s es,xeks。,There is an“R”in the“word

3、”.,j,是輔音音素。,This is a one-eyed dog.,one,w,是輔音音素。,例Tom is _ honest boy.We all like him.,A.a B.an C.the D./,分析,honest 中h不發(fā)音，讀音以元音音素 ,放于前面，表示“一個”時應(yīng)加an。,B,例 -Why not take _ friend with you?,-Thats _ good idea.,A.a,a B.the,the,C.a,the D.the,a,分析,使用不定冠詞指某人或某物，但不具體說明是 何人或何物。,A,例6 English is _,language.It i

4、s _,important tool.,A.a,a B.a,an,C.the,an D.a,/,分析,a language意為“一種語言”。language 是可數(shù)名詞。,B,二、定冠詞的用法,例There is _bridge,over the river._,bridge is made of stone.,A.a,A B.a,The,C.the,The D.the,A,分析,文章中第一次出現(xiàn)的可數(shù)名詞前用a(an)。下次再出現(xiàn)此名詞則用the。,I have a little bird.The bird is,yellow.,B,例 _ old workers under that tr

5、ee are from Shanghai.,A.The B.An C.This D.That,分析,名詞后有表示范圍、地點的介詞短語限定時，名詞前應(yīng)加the來表示特指。,The boys here are interested in sports.,A,例3 _ first one sat,down and the second,stood up.,A.The B.A C.One D.An,分析,序數(shù)詞前加the。,Mary is the third to come in.,A,例4We live in _,south of China.,A.the B./C.a D.some,分析,表示東、

6、南、西、北方的名詞前要加the。,The sun rises in the east.,A,例5I was playing _,piano at eight yesterday morning.,A.a B./C.the D.this,分析,playthe+樂器.,Alice likes to play the violin,表示數(shù)量時可用a。,This is a new piano against the wall.,C,例6 Our teacher gets up,early in _ morning.A.the B./C.a D.an,分析,牢記一些含the的習(xí)慣用語，在句中用作時間狀語

7、。in the morning/afternoon/evening,A,例7 There is a large ship in,_ middle of the river.,A.a B./C.the D.any,分析,牢記一些含the的習(xí)慣用語，在句中用作地點狀語。,on the right(left),in the front of,in the middle of the meeting/the,forest,at the foot of the hill,C,二、不用冠詞的場合,例1Paper is made of,_ bamboo.,A.a B.the C./D.that,分析,物質(zhì)名

8、詞和抽象名詞前一般不加冠詞。Wood can be made into chairs and tables.,Iron is a kind of metal.,C,例_ January is the first month of the year.,A.The B.A C./D.That,分析,表示節(jié)日、月份的名詞前一般不加the。,Spring is coming.,He was born in December.,如果表示有某年限定的季節(jié)和月份時，季節(jié)和月份前要加the。,He was born in the Summer of 1964.,C,例We have no classes,_

9、Sundays.,A.the B.these C.D.those,分析,表示一周中七日的名稱前一般不加冠詞。,C,例 I studies _ English in,_ England.,A./,/B.an,the,C.an,an D./,the,分析,學(xué)科前、國名、大洲名前一般不加冠詞。,learn Chinese(maths,physics,chemistry),China is in Asia.,in Germany(Japan),in Africa(Europe),A,例They often take a,walk in _ Hyde Park.,A.the B.a C./D.this,

10、分析,在一些專有名詞（地名、節(jié)假日）之前不加冠詞。,Christmas Day New years Eve,National Day Childrens Day,Teachers Day Wall Street,C,例6 He doesnt have,_ breakfast at home.,A.a B.the C.this D./,分析,表示三餐的名詞前不加冠詞，如果前面有形容詞修飾該詞，表示“一頓的飯”，可加a。,have a big supper(nice lunch),D,例7We go to work by _ bus.,A./B.a C.the D.one,分析,表示坐什么交通工具

11、時，用by名詞表示，該名詞前不用冠詞。,by bike(taxi,car,train,plane,spaceship),A,例8 _ running is good.,A.The B.A C./D.An,分析,動名詞前一般不用冠詞。,Walking on the moon is difficult.,Seeing is believing.,C,例9 These boys play _ football after class.,A.a B.the C.that D./,分析,球類、棋類、游戲名稱前不加冠詞。,D,例10 There is no _ book on the desk.,A.th

12、e B.a C.an D./,分析,名詞前有物主代詞、指示代詞、不定代詞、名詞所有格或Any和 no時，均不再用冠詞。,No books,not a book,not any,books,D,例11 He often works late at _ night.,A./B.the C.a D.all,分析,表示時間或地點的一些介詞名詞的詞組和一些固定詞組中，均不加冠詞。,at home,in town,at noon,at,daybreak,in trouble,in danger,in fact等。,A,例12 What does this word mean,_?,A.my father

13、B.Father,C.father D.a father,分析,家庭成員的稱呼、稱呼語或只一人擔(dān)任的職務(wù)名詞前不用冠詞。,He is secretary of our lab.,Mother is cooking while father is reading newspaper.,father和mother大寫時前不加物主代詞，小寫時前要加物主代詞，如：my father,his mother。,B,定冠不定冠 意思差千萬,有些名詞前用冠詞或不用冠詞，其意義有所不同。,如：,1)at table在吃飯；,at,the,table在桌子旁,2)in class在上課；,in,the,class

14、在班級中,3)go to school去上學(xué);,go to,the,school,到那所學(xué)校去,4)go to bed上床睡覺;,go to,the,bed到床那邊去,5)in front of在的前面;,in,the,front of在的前部.,不定冠詞的用法,1、表示一類人或事物中的“任何”,一個，相當(dāng)于漢語中“一”,2、指某人或某物，但不具體說明,是何人或何物。,3、表示單位,4、表示“一類”,定冠詞the的用法,1、文章中第一次出現(xiàn)的可數(shù)名詞前,用a(an)。下次再出現(xiàn)此名詞用the,名詞后有表示范圍、地點的介詞,短語限定時用the,2、序數(shù)詞前表示順序時,3、表示東、南、西、北方的名

15、詞前+the,4、play樂器表示彈奏時，,該樂器名詞前加 the。,不用冠詞的場合,1、表示節(jié)日、月份的名詞前一般不加the,2、表示一周中七日的名稱前一般不加冠詞。,3、學(xué)科前和國名、洲名前一般不加冠詞。,4、表示三餐的名詞前不加冠詞,5、表示交通工具的手段時，用by名詞表示，,該名詞前不用冠詞。,6、球類、棋類、游戲名稱前不加冠詞。,精選習(xí)題,1.This is,song Ive told you about.,Isnt it,beautiful one?,Athe/theBa/a,Cthe/aDa/the,2._Yellow River is _,second longest rive

16、r in China.,A./,the B.The,the,C./.A D.The,a,C,B,3.-How far is it from our school,to_ seaside?,-It is _eight-kilometre,walk from here.,A.the;an B./;an C.the;a D./;a,4_China is_old country,with _ long history.,AThe，an，a B，an，a,C，an，the D，the，a,A,B,*5.They had _ wonderful train ride to Chengdu before they went on to _ Mount Emei by bus.,A.a;the B./;the,C.a;/D.the;a,C,