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1、單擊此處編輯母版標題樣式,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,第二級,第三級,第四級,第五級,,,*,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,單擊此處編輯母版標題樣式,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,第二級,第三級,第四級,第五級,,,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,9/28/2014,,?#?,Unit2-Cloning詞匯課件-新人教版選修8,Unit2-Cloning詞匯課件-新人教版選修8,1,假設你班就科學

2、家是否應該克隆人進行了討論，20％的同學贊成，認為其一：有利于促進該科學領域取得突破；其二：克隆智力過人的偉大科學家，人類將擁有更多有非凡貢獻的人。80％的同學反對，因為這樣違背社會道義，克隆人沒有父母，無法像正常人一樣生活，試談談你的看法。詞數(shù)120字左右。,,,假設你班就科學家是否應該克隆人進行了討論，20,2,范文背誦,Did you ever imagine having a child that is the exact replica（復制品） of you? Did you ever imagine of having the cure for heart disease or

3、cancer? Well, these fantasies are not far from reach. The way we could reach these fantasies is through a process called cloning. Cloning is the replication of an exact genetic copy of an organism by use of a somatic tissue (or cell) from the donor organism. Cloning can be used in humans, human orga

4、ns, or even animals. There are many advantages and disadvantages of cloning.,A benefit of cloning is cloning human organs or body parts. If a person has a dysfunctional（變形） liver or heart then they could get it cloned and get a brand new one. These are some of the,,,范文背誦,3,Unit2-Cloning詞匯新人教版選修8教學講義

5、課件,4,Unit2-Cloning詞匯新人教版選修8教學講義課件,5,Unit2-Cloning詞匯新人教版選修8教學講義課件,6,1. pay ______ 得到好結果；取得成功；償清,2.,______,down 沮喪；不愉快,3.,______,to 反對；不贊成,4. in,______,,of 支持；贊成,5. be,______,to do... 一定或注定（做）……,6.,______,...into one’s heart 使……刻骨銘心,7. from,______,to time

6、 不時；偶爾,8. bring,______,to life 使復生；使復活,9. in,______,白費力氣；枉費心機,10. in good/poor,______,狀況很好（壞）；情況很好（壞）,答案：1. off 2. cast 3. object 4. favour 5. bound,6. strike 7. time 8. back 9. vain 10. condition,,,1. pay ______ 得到好結果；取得成功,7,The fact ______ she s

7、eemed to develop normally was very encouraging.,多莉看來是在正常地成長著，這很令人鼓舞。,答案：that,,,The fact ______ she seemed to,8,1. undertake,vt,.著手;從事;承擔；承諾，答應,The scientist undertakes the experiment.,科學家從事這項實驗。,I can undertake the responsibility for the changes.,我愿意承擔這些變革的責任。,He undertook to finish the job by Frid

8、ay.,他答應星期五之前完成這項工作。,常用結構：,undertake sth. 著手/從事/承擔某事,undertake to do sth. 保證/答應做某事,undertake that ... 保證……,,,1. undertake vt.著手;從事;承擔；承諾，答應,9,【即學即練】,完成句子,①他欣然承擔那項艱難的任務。,He ______ the difficult task willingly.,②他許諾當我們的向導。,He ______ ______ ______ our guide.,答案：①undertook,②undertook to be,單項填空,③He

9、_______ to improve the working conditions and the workers were expecting it.,A. undertook B. allowed,C. answered D. admitted,解析：選A。考查動詞辨析。undertake此處意為“答應”相當于promise。,溫馨提示,：其過去式為：undertook;過去分詞為：undertaken。,,,【即學即練】,10,2. objection,n.,不贊成；反對；異議,Nobody raised any objection to

10、my doing it right now.,沒人反對,我現(xiàn)在就做這件事。,The chief objection to the essay is its inappropriate use of special jargons.,這篇文章的主要缺點是專業(yè)術語用得不當。,【聯(lián)想拓展】,object表示“反對”，為不及物動詞，后接賓語時需要加介詞to。oppose表示“反對”，為及物動詞，接賓語時不加介詞to。但是在be opposed to中需要加介詞to，表示“反對……，與……相反”。,object to sb./sth. 不贊成某人/某事(to為介詞),object to （sb.）doi

11、ng sth. 反對(某人)做某事,object that ...反對……,It was objected that ...有人反對……,常用結構：,have/make an objection to （doing）sth. 對……表示反對,,,2. objection n. 不贊成；反對；異議,11,【即學即練】,,完成句子,①我們反對受到這樣的待遇。,We _____ ______ ______ treated like this.,②母親反對說，吉米身體太虛弱，不能承擔那份工作。,Mother ______ ______ Jimmy was too weak to take up

12、 the job.,答案：①object to being ②objected that,3. obtain,vt.,獲得；贏得,I haven’t been able to obtain that record anywhere.,我到處都沒買到那張唱片。,He said that the police had obtained this information by illegal means.,他說警方是靠非法手段獲得這一資料的。,常用結構：,obtain sth. from sb./sth. 從……獲得某物,obtain sth. by doing sth. 通過做某事獲得某物,

13、,,【即學即練】,12,【易混辨析】,obtain/acquire/gain/earn/achieve,obtain 意為“獲得，買到”。指通過努力或請求而得到，含有滿足要求或達到目的的意味，屬正式用語。,acquire 意為“經過努力逐步獲得才能、知識、習慣等”，也可用于對財物等的“獲得”，強調“一經獲得就會長期持有”的含義。,gain 意為“通過較大努力獲得某種利益或好處”；亦可指軍事上的武力奪取等。,earn 意為“掙得，贏得”。指因工作等而得到報酬或待遇。,achieve 意為“得到；獲得”，多指成就、目標、幸福的取得。,,,【易混辨析】,13,【即學即練】,選詞填空(obtain/a

14、cquire/gain/earn/achieve）,①I finally managed to ______ a copy of the report.,②It is through learning that the individual ______ many habitual ways of reacting to situations.,③An investor ______ by buying stocks that go up in value.,④How much do you _______ a week?,⑤The movie star ______ success and

15、wealth.,答案：①obtain ②acquires ③gains ④earn ⑤achieved,,,【即學即練】,14,4. owe,vt.,欠（賬，錢，人情等）；歸功于……,He owes his father ￡50. =He owes ￡50 to his father.,他欠他父親50英鎊。,We owe this discovery to Newton.,我們把這一發(fā)現(xiàn)歸功于牛頓。,常用結構：,owe ... to... 欠……；把……歸功于；應感激……,owe ... to...for... 因……欠……,owe sb. sth. =

16、 owe sth. to sb. 欠某人某物,owing to 因為，由于,【聯(lián)想拓展】,owing,adj.,欠的，未付的,【即學即練】,完成句子,①他把自己的成功歸功于他的父母！,,,4. owe vt. 欠（賬，錢，人情等）；歸功于……,15,He _______ his success_______ his parents!,②我們全靠牛頓才知道引力的原理。,We _______ the principle of gravitation ______ Newton.,答案：①owed; to ②owed;to,5. resist,vt.,抵抗；對抗,The

17、y were powerless to resist.,他們無力反抗。,Many young people could not resist the spiritual pollution.,很多年輕人不能抵制精神污染。,I can’t resist the temptation.,我不能抵擋誘惑。,常用結構：,resist sth. 抵制；阻擋某事,resist doing sth. 反對做某事,can’t resist doing sth. 忍不住做某事,be resistant to sb./sth. 對某人/某事有抵抗力,,,He _______ his success_______,

18、16,用法點撥：,resist表示“忍得住”，常與can’t/couldn’t連用，后面接名詞、代詞或動名詞作賓語。,【即學即練】,完成句子,①她忍不住要笑。,She ______ hardly,,______,,______,.,②我頂不住烤蘋果的誘惑。,I,,______,,,______,baked apples.,答案：①could;resist laughing ②can’t resist,單項填空,③She is overweight, but she can’t,,______,the temptation to eat more delicious food.,A.

19、forbid B. attach C. allow D. resist,解析：選D。考查動詞詞義辨析。resist抵制；forbid禁止；attach吸引，粘上；allow允許。由句意可知，應選D。,,,,用法點撥：resist表示“忍得住”，常與can’t/cou,17,,,6. pay off 得到好結果，取得成功(常用主動語態(tài))；償清；解雇,We will have more money to spend after we pay off our mortgage.,在付清貸款后,我們會有更多錢花。,The company has paid off som

20、e redundant employees.,公司在發(fā)放工資后解雇了一些多余的雇員。,【聯(lián)想拓展】,pay for 付……的錢；為……而付出代價,pay back sth. (=pay sb. back sth.) 償還；報復,pay sb. for sth.=pay sth. to sb. for sth.,付錢給某人作為……的費用,【即學即練】,,單項填空,①If you go for a long ride in a friend’s car, it’s the custom to offer to _______ some of the expenses.,A. pay

21、 B. pay off C. pay for D. pay back,,,Unit2-Cloning詞匯新人教版選修8教學講義課件,18,解析：選C。此處表達償付一部分費用。pay for 付……的錢。,用與pay相關的詞組填空,②After ten years of hard working she finally _____ _____ her debt.,③Our efforts are sure to ______ _______.,④Have you ______ the money ______ the bank yet?,答案：②paid off

22、 ③pay off ④paid; to,7. in favour of 贊成，支持,Everyone in the class voted in favour of the competition.,班里的每個人都投票贊成參加那個競賽。,【聯(lián)想拓展】,in sb.’s favour 對某人有利,do sb. a favour=do a favour for sb. 幫某人忙,do sb. the favour to do sth.=do sb. a favour by doing sth. 幫忙做……,Could you do me a favour and tell Kelly I c

23、an’t make it?,你能幫我個忙告訴凱利我沒法做成嗎？,,,解析：選C。此處表達償付一部分費用。pay for 付……的,19,溫馨提示：do sb.a favour(do a favour for sb.)幫助某人(在該短語中帶有不定冠詞a, 但當后邊帶動詞不定式作定語時，favour前的冠詞應為the)。,【即學即練】,,單項填空,①He argued _____ a strike.,A. in favour of B. in honour of,C. in face of D. in need of,解析：選A。考查短語辨析。

24、in favour of支持;in honour of為了紀念……;in face of面對；in need of需要。由句意可知，選A。,②I don’t like to ask people for help as a rule but I wonder if you could ______ me a favour.,A. make B. do C. find D. get,解析：選B。do sb. a favour幫助某人，符合句意。,溫馨提示：,當表示“支持，贊同某人/某事”時除用in favour of之外；其他常用：be for sb./s

25、th. stand by; stand on one’s side等。表示“不支持，不贊同某人/某事”時用be against sb./sth.,,,溫馨提示：do sb.a favour(do a favou,20,8. be bound to do 一定；注定(做),【聯(lián)想拓展】,be bound for 去，準備去……,be bound up with ...與……有密切關系,be bound to sth.受……限制；被……束縛,【即學即練】,完成句子,①明天天氣一定會變得更好。,The weather _____ _____ ______ get better tomorrow.

26、,②你下了這么多工夫, 一定能考及格。,You’ve done so much work that you _____ _____ ______ pass the exam.,③這艘輪船前往青島。,This ship ______ ______ ______ Qingdao.,答案：①is bound to ②are bound to ③is bound for,,,8. be bound to do 一定；注定(做),21,9. The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging.(P11),她

27、（多莉羊）似乎生長正常的事實很鼓舞人心。,that she seemed to develop normally是一個同位語從句，作the fact的同位語。同位語從句一般由that引導，常放在fact，truth，news，information，idea，thought，hope，suggestion，advice，reply，remark，report等名詞后面，說明該名詞的具體內容。當先行詞是problem，question或當主句是表示疑問或否定意思時，連接詞要用whether或其他的疑問代詞或副詞。,The news that he has been elected preside

28、nt of the United States is true.他當選美國總統(tǒng)的消息是真的。,The question whether we should continue to do the experiment has not been answered yet.,我們是否該繼續(xù)實驗的問題還沒有被解決。,I have no idea where the new library will be built.,我不知道新圖書館將要建在哪里。,,,9. The fact that she seemed to,22,10. Then came the disturbing news that Do

29、lly had become seriously ill.（P11）,接著傳來了多莉病重的壞消息。,now, then位于句首，謂語是come, go, appear等時句子用全部倒裝。,Now comes your turn. 輪到你了。,【即學即練】,單項填空,In the dark forests_______ , some large enough to hold several English towns.,A. stand many lakes B. lie many lakes,C. many lakes lie D. many lakes stan

30、d,解析：選B?？疾樵~語辨析以及倒裝。地點狀語放在句首時，謂語常是come， go， lie, stand等且主語是名詞或名詞詞組時主句用全部倒裝。表示某物存在某處，動詞應用lie。,,,10. Then came the disturbing n,23,Ⅰ. 單詞拼寫,1. The role of the news u______ informing public opinion is of great importance.,2. The small town looks e_____ as it did when it was built 200 years ago.,3. I’m so

31、rry to d______ you so late, but I was wondering if I could use your phone.,4. For a teacher to hit a child is not just m______ wrong but also illegal.,5. These profits are based on the a______ that prices will continue to rise.,6. The treatment won’t cure her - it m______ stops the pain.,7. The law

32、f_____ the sale of cigarettes to people under the age of 16.,8. We have worked out a new set of p_____ for using this machine.,9. No one o______ when the manager said it was time to go home.,10. Every servant will r_____ from his position at the age of 60.,,,Ⅰ. 單詞拼寫,24,答案：1. undertaken 2. exactly

33、 3. disturb 4. morally,5. assumption 6. merely 7. forbids 8. procedures9. objected,10. retire,Ⅱ. 用方框內所給短語的適當形式填空,be cast down/object to/in favour of/be bound to (do)/,from time to time/bring back to life/pay off/in good,condition/in vain/cast down,1. During my stay in Japan my sister vis

34、ited me _______ .,2. I _______ to know that she failed in the final exam.,3. All your efforts will _______. Just keep it up!,4. All those present at the meeting _______ the plan.,5. He has made full preparations for the exam. He ______ succeed.,,,,答案：1. undertaken 2. exactly,25,6. Are there anyo

35、ne ______ human cloning?,7. I think some day dinosaurs may be ______ through cloning.,8. All our hard work was ______.,9. Keepers said the pandas were ______ .,10. They _______ their weapons at last.,答案：1. from time to time 2. was cast down 3. pay off,4. objected to 5. is bound to

36、 6. in favour of,7. brought back to life 8. in vain 9. in good condition,10. cast down,,,,6. Are there anyone ______ hum,26,Ⅲ. 同義句轉換,1. At the beginning, he was against my proposal. However, in the end, he changed his mind.,At first he hesitated about my suggestion, but he ______ _______

37、 agreed.,2. Later they learnt that an earthquake had taken place in that area.,Then ______ ______ ______ that the area had been hit by an earthquake.,3. Although he was not strong, he joined in the work.,_______ ______ _______ weakness, he took part in the work.,答案：1. at last 2. came the new

38、s 3. Despite of his,Ⅳ. 根據要求改寫句子,The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging. (改寫成兩個句子),____________________________________________________________________________________________________________,,,,Ⅲ. 同義句轉換,27,2. Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriousl

39、y ill. （改寫成正常語序）,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________,答案：1. The fact is that she seemed to develop normally. The fact was very encouraging.,2. The disturbing news then came that Dolly had become seriously ill.,Ⅴ. 完成句子,1.

40、 Tell your parents the truth, for they _____ _____ ______ (注定) know all about it.,2. The project raised ______ ______ ______ ______ (巨大的反對)and had a great impact on the villagers.,3. Though he ______ ______ ______ _____（贊成）the plan, he didn’t make straightforward replies.,4. He _______ ______ (

41、已經積累) a lot of teaching experience during the past 10 years.,5. His assumption that human beings can clone animals _______ _______（證實）at last.,,,2. Then came the disturbing ne,28,答案：1. are bound to 2. a storm of objections,3. was in favour of 4. has accumulated 5. was proved,,Ⅵ. 單項填空,1

42、. After three years of hard work, they had at last paid _____ all the money they had borrowed.,A. For B. out C. in D. back,解析：選D。pay back表示“償還，還清”，pay for 支付； pay out 花費。,2. He’s obviously quite embarrassed about it because he forbade me ______ telling anyone.,A. for B.

43、 from C. off D. of,解析：選B。forbid sb. from doing 禁止某人做某事。,,,答案：1. are bound to 2. a,29,3. Scientists have reached the ______ conclusion that the amount of solar energy reaching the earth’s surface has been gradually falling.,A. satisfying B. exact C. disturbing

44、 D. hopeful,解析：選C。disturbing表示“令人不安的”，修飾conclusion。,4. What guided your choice of destination or was it _______?,A. arbitrary B. unexpected C. exciting D. natural,解析：選A。arbitrary表示“任意的”。句意為：你是根據什么做出的選擇，還是任意的？,5. Unfortunately, the government has shown that it will _____ the plans to

45、 build thousands of homes for people in the South Hams.,A. object B. agree C. object to D. agree to,解析：選C。object to表示“拒絕，不贊成”, to為介詞。,6. The law ____ the sales of cigarette to people under the age of 16.,A. encourages B. allows C. forbids D. helps,解析：選C

46、?？疾閯釉~辨析。forbid表示“禁止”。句意為：法律禁止把煙賣給16歲以下的孩子。,,,3. Scientists have reached the,30,7. He tried to run away from the police and was charged with _______ arrest.,A. controlling B. resisting C. winning D. losing,解析：選B。句意為：他盡力地想擺脫警察，所以被控告拒捕。resist抵制，抵抗。,8. The English spoken in the United St

47、ates is only slightly different from _______ spoken in England.,A. which B. what C. that D. the one,解析：選C。that 指代前面的名詞English, spoken過去分詞作定語。,9. Little Johnny felt the bag, curious to know what it ______.,A. collected B. contained C. loaded D. saved,解

48、析：選B。contain表示“含有，內含”，句意為：小約翰尼摸著包，很想知道包里裝的是什么。,10. —Have you known Dr. Jackson for a long time?,—Yes, since she _____ the Chinese Society.,A. has joined B. joins C. had joined D. joined,解析：選D?？疾闀r態(tài)。join這個動作發(fā)生在過去，所以用一般過去式。,,,7. He tried to run away from t,31,11. My English teacher’s h

49、umor was ______ make every student burst into laughter.,A. so as to B. such as to C. such that D. so that,解析：選B。such用作代詞, 表示“這樣，如此”。,12. The news ______ our athletes won another gold medal was reported in yesterday’s newspaper.,A. which B. whether C. what D. t

50、hat,解析：選D。分析句子結構可知，that引導的同位語從句。,13. You are so fat that you should _____ the temptation to eat sweets.,A. stop B. refuse C. resist D. prevent,解析：選C。resist the temptation to do 表示“抵制住做某事的誘惑”。,14. Excuse me for breaking in, ______ I have some news for you.,A. so

51、 B. and C. but D. yet,解析：選C。這是英語中的一個習慣句型：Excuse me, but...。,15. This magazine is very ______ with young people, who like its content and style.,A. familiar B. popular C. similar D. particular,解析：選B。be popular with sb. 表示“受某人的歡迎”。,,,11. My English teacher’s

52、humor,32,小兒腦癱患者大多數(shù)都發(fā)生在兒童或青少,,年，它對人體有著嚴重的影響，甚至是導致孩子,,殘疾的一種嚴重的疾病。在科學技術和醫(yī)療水平,,提高的基礎上，小兒腦癱已不再是一個不治之,,癥。家長要對小兒腦癱患兒進行各種的康復，同,,時也要嚴格把關患兒的飲食安全，不可食用損傷,小兒腦癱患者大多數(shù)都發(fā)生在兒童或青少,33,大腦對腦部發(fā)育有礙的食物。,腦癱的患兒不宜飲含鋁食物,世界衛(wèi)生組織提出人體每天攝鋁量不應超,,過,60,毫克，要是一天吃,50~100,克油條便會超過,,這個允許攝入量，導致記憶力下降，思維能力遲,大腦對腦部發(fā)育有礙的食物。腦癱的患兒不宜飲含鋁食物 世界衛(wèi)生,34,我心里

53、穩(wěn)穩(wěn)地翻了一個大坑，又有緊張的：,我沒讀過這么多書，都是聽來的,鈍，所以，早餐不能以油條為主食。經常使用鋁,,鍋炒菜，鋁壺燒開水也應注意攝鋁量增大的問,,題。為了保證小兒腦癱患兒的進一步恢復，家長,,們引起注意。,腦癱的患兒不宜飲含鉛食物,我心里穩(wěn)穩(wěn)地翻了一個大坑，又有緊張的：我沒讀過這么多書，都是,35,鉛是腦細胞的一大“殺手”，食物中含鉛量,,過高會損傷大腦引起智力低下。有的孩子常吃爆,,米花，由于爆米花在制作過程中，機罐受高壓加,,熱后，罐蓋內層軟鉛墊表面的鉛一部分會變成氣,,態(tài)鉛。皮蛋在制作過程中，其原料中含有氧化鉛,,和鉛鹽，鉛具有極強的穿透能力，吃皮蛋也會影,鉛是腦細胞的一大“殺手

54、”，食物中含鉛量,36,我心里穩(wěn)穩(wěn)地翻了一個大坑，又有緊張的：,我沒讀過這么多書，都是聽來的,響智力。所以小兒腦癱患者絕不能長期食用。,小兒腦性癱瘓的患兒不宜飲含過氧脂質的,食物,過氧脂質對人體有害，如果長期從飲食中攝,,入過氧化脂并在體內積聚，可使人體內某些代謝,我心里穩(wěn)穩(wěn)地翻了一個大坑，又有緊張的：我沒讀過這么多書，都是,37,酶系統(tǒng)遭受損傷，促大腦早衰或癡呆。小兒腦癱,,的患兒不宜飲含糖精、味精較多的食物。,糖精用量應加以限制，否則會損害腦、肝等,,細胞組織，甚至會誘發(fā)膀胱癌。世界衛(wèi)生組織曾,,提出孕婦及周歲以內的嬰兒禁食。動物試驗提,酶系統(tǒng)遭受損傷，促大腦早衰或癡呆。小兒腦癱 糖精用量

55、應加以限,38,我心里穩(wěn)穩(wěn)地翻了一個大坑，又有緊張的：,我沒讀過這么多書，都是聽來的,示，周歲以內的嬰兒食用味精有引起腦細胞壞死,,的可能。妊娠后期的孕婦多吃味精，會引起胎兒,,缺鋅，影響孩子出生后的體格和精神發(fā)育，不利,,于智力發(fā)展。對于小兒腦癱患兒，味精就更需要,,禁止食用。,我心里穩(wěn)穩(wěn)地翻了一個大坑，又有緊張的：我沒讀過這么多書，都是,39,注意事項,食物要容易消化吸收，營養(yǎng)豐富，要選高蛋,,白質的食物，蛋白質是智力活動的基礎與腦的記,,憶、思維有密切的關系，牛奶、豆?jié){、雞蛋、酸,,奶、肉類等都是富含蛋白質的食物，還多選維生,注意事項 食物要容易消化吸收，營養(yǎng)豐富，要選高蛋,40,我心里

56、穩(wěn)穩(wěn)地翻了一個大坑，又有緊張的：,我沒讀過這么多書，都是聽來的,素高的食物，因維生素,A,能增強身體的抵抗力，,,促進大腦的發(fā)育。維生素,B,族能提高機體各種代,,謝功能，增強食欲，維生素,D,能幫助鈣的吸收和,,利用。,小兒腦癱飲食要多吃蔬菜和水果，少吃脂肪,我心里穩(wěn)穩(wěn)地翻了一個大坑，又有緊張的：我沒讀過這么多書，都是,41,肥肉，蔬菜和水果含有維生素和纖維，能保持大,,便通暢,每日要適當進行戶外活動，讓陽光照射皮,膚，可增進食欲，幫助吸收。,要以碳水化合物如米飯、面食、饅頭、粥、,肥肉，蔬菜和水果含有維生素和纖維，能保持大每日要適當進行戶外,42,我心里穩(wěn)穩(wěn)地翻了一個大坑，又有緊張的：,我沒讀過這么多書，都是聽來的,粉為主食。,?,飲食要有定時，按時進食，可以增加食欲。,1c02f4cc,博狗,bodog ,我心里穩(wěn)穩(wěn)地翻了一個大坑，又有緊張的：我沒讀過這么多書，都是,43,