《高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法真題精講精練：動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)總結(jié)》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法真題精講精練：動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)總結(jié)（10頁(yè)珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、?考點(diǎn)剖析-動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ) 考點(diǎn)一：動(dòng)詞詞義辨析 例1．Effective measures should be taken to ________ endangered animals to ensure that more species don’t become extinct. A．a(chǎn)dvocate B．reserve C．a(chǎn)ccumulate? D．preserve 【答案】D 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：應(yīng)該采取有效措施保護(hù)瀕危動(dòng)物，以確保更多的物種不會(huì)滅絕。A. advocate v.?擁護(hù)；B. reserve v.?保留；C. accumul

2、ate v.?積累，積聚；D. preserve v.?保護(hù)。結(jié)合句意可知，此處是指保護(hù)瀕危動(dòng)物。故選D。 考點(diǎn)二：“動(dòng)詞+副詞”短語(yǔ)辨析 例2．China is working hard to ________the full potential of higher education and will move faster to build world-class universities. A．take in B．set aside C．bring out? D．give away 【答案】C 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：中國(guó)正在努力充分發(fā)揮高等教育的潛力

3、，加快建設(shè)世界一流大學(xué)。A. take in吸收；B. set aside擱置；C. bring out使顯現(xiàn)，使特點(diǎn)或品質(zhì)更加突出；D. give away贈(zèng)送。根據(jù)后文“the full potential of higher education”可知，此處指中國(guó)正在努力充分發(fā)揮高等教育的潛力，故選C。 考點(diǎn)三：“動(dòng)詞+介詞+名詞”短語(yǔ)辨析 例3．The lake has been there for many years. No one knows exactly how and when it ________. A．came into power????? B．came i

4、nto being C．came into view? D．came into fashion 【答案】B 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：這個(gè)湖在那里已經(jīng)很多年了。沒(méi)有人確切知道它是如何以及何時(shí)產(chǎn)生的。A. came into power掌權(quán)；B. came into being形成，存在；C. came into view進(jìn)入視野；D. came into fashion流行起來(lái)。根據(jù)句意可知，此處是指沒(méi)人確切知道湖是如何以及何時(shí)形成的。故選B。 考點(diǎn)四：“動(dòng)詞+介詞”短語(yǔ)辨析 例4．—Peter can’t concentrate on his work rece

5、ntly. —Yes, that might________ why he made a big mistake in preparing for the meeting. A．a(chǎn)llow for B．a(chǎn)pply for? C．a(chǎn)ccount for? D．call for 【答案】C 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：——彼得最近不能專注于他的工作?！堑?，這也許可以解釋為什么他在準(zhǔn)備會(huì)議時(shí)犯了一個(gè)大錯(cuò)誤。A. allow for考慮到；B. apply for申請(qǐng)；C. account for是……的說(shuō)明；D. call for要求。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此空位于情

6、態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后，所以使用動(dòng)詞原形，結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“是……的解釋”應(yīng)為account for符合句意。故選C項(xiàng)。 考點(diǎn)五：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法辨析 例5．—Tony, is that Mr. Black over there? —I knew that he had gone to England. It??????????be him. A. might?? B. could? C. can’t? D. must 【答案】C 【解析】本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞辨析。?might?“可能”，表示不太肯定的推測(cè)；could?“可以”，表示建議；can’t?“不可能”，表示否定的推測(cè)；must“

7、一定，肯定”，表示肯定的推測(cè)。由“I knew that he had gone to England.”可知，布萊克先生已經(jīng)去了英國(guó)，所以不可能是他。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的否定推測(cè)應(yīng)用?can’t。句意：——托尼，那是布萊克先生嗎?——我知道他已經(jīng)去了英國(guó)。不可能是他。故答案選?C。 考點(diǎn)六：系動(dòng)詞的用法 例6．?—Some of my friends eat with their eyes. They prefer to order what???????????nice. ?—Aha, me too! ?A.tastes B. feels??? ????C. looks? D. smel

8、ls 【答案】C 【解析】考查系動(dòng)詞用法。根據(jù)前一句提示“我的一些朋友喜歡靠視覺(jué)吃飯”可知，此處指他們喜歡點(diǎn)那些“看起來(lái)”好看的食物。 真題演練 1．If?we continue to________ environmental problems, we will regret it sooner or later. A．highlight B．identify? C．ignore D．prevent【答案】C 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我們繼續(xù)忽視環(huán)境問(wèn)題，我們遲早會(huì)后悔的。A. highlight突出；強(qiáng)調(diào)；B. identify辨認(rèn)；識(shí)別

9、；C. ignore忽視；D. prevent阻止。由句意可知對(duì)于環(huán)境問(wèn)題我們遲早會(huì)后悔，而這一切都是因?yàn)槲覀儗?duì)環(huán)境問(wèn)題的忽視。故選C項(xiàng)。2．Some parents are just too protective. They want to________ their kids from every kind of damage, real or imagined. A．spot B．dismiss? C．shelter D．distinguish 【答案】C 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：有些父母太過(guò)保護(hù)孩子了。他們想保護(hù)自己的孩子免受各種傷害，不管是真實(shí)的還是

10、想象的。A. spot發(fā)現(xiàn)；B. dismiss解散；C. shelter保護(hù)；D. distinguish區(qū)別。根據(jù)后文“their kids from every kind of damage, real or imagined”指保護(hù)孩子免受傷害，應(yīng)用shelter。故選C。 3．Although a few have come and gone, the restaurant's regular customers have________ the same for nearly 40 years. A．stayed B．turned? C．grown D．go

11、t 【答案】A 【解析】考查系動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然有一些人來(lái)了又走了，但這家餐廳的老顧客已經(jīng)光顧這家店近40年了。A.stayed保持；B.turned變成（某種顏色）；C.grown變得；D.got變成。根據(jù)“the restaurant's regular customers”以及“the same for nearly 40 years”可知，這家餐廳的老顧客已經(jīng)光顧這家店近40年了。stay“保持”，表示老顧客保持40年不變。故選A項(xiàng)。 4．I wanted to make dumplings but found I had ________ flour, so I we

12、nt out to buy some. A．made up for? B．run out of C．kept away from? D．got down to 【答案】B 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我想包餃子，但發(fā)現(xiàn)我的面粉用完了，所以我出去買(mǎi)了一些。A. made up for彌補(bǔ)；B. run out of用完，用盡；C. kept away from遠(yuǎn)離，回避；D. got down to開(kāi)始認(rèn)真做。結(jié)合句意，此處指“用完”了面粉。故選B。 5．As the story________, the truth about the strange figur

13、e is slowly discovered.A．begins B．happens? C．ends D．develops 【答案】D 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意："隨著故事的發(fā)展，這個(gè)神秘?cái)?shù)字的真相漸漸地被發(fā)現(xiàn)了。begin“開(kāi)始；happen“發(fā)生”；end“結(jié)束”；develop“發(fā)展”。由后面題干中的“is slowly discoverd”得出該單詞應(yīng)該是一個(gè)延續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞，而ABC選項(xiàng)均為非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。故選D。 6．If you ________ faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop ass

14、istant to reduce the price. A．come across B．care about? C．look for D．focus upon 【答案】A 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)你想要買(mǎi)的這輛自行車(chē)有瑕疵，但是你仍想買(mǎi)這輛，就讓店員降價(jià)。come across 發(fā)現(xiàn)，碰到；care about 在乎，關(guān)心；look for 尋找；focus upon 集中注意力于。根據(jù)句意可知，發(fā)現(xiàn)了瑕疵，但仍舊想買(mǎi)這兩自行車(chē)，可以請(qǐng)店員降價(jià)。故正確答案為A項(xiàng)。 7．Henry David Thoreau was happy to _______

15、_ from social life, seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of his life. A．judge B．differ? C．withdraw D．benefit 【答案】C 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：亨利·大衛(wèi)·梭羅樂(lè)于從社交生活中抽身出來(lái)，在平靜的生活中尋求與自然的和諧關(guān)系。A. judge判斷；B. differ不同；C. withdraw抽身，撤退；D. benefit有益于。根據(jù)后文“seeking a harmonious relationshi

16、p with nature in the quietness of his life”可知Henry David Thoreau在平靜的生活中尋求與自然的和諧關(guān)系，所以他樂(lè)于從社交生活中抽身出來(lái)，withdraw from“離開(kāi)”。故選C。 8．Before leaving America, she _____ much of her furniture to friends and enjoyed letting them have the piece they had liked. A．picked up B．gave away?C．put down D．set asid

17、e 【答案】B 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：在離開(kāi)美國(guó)之前，她把大部分家具都送給了朋友，并樂(lè)意讓她們挑選自己喜歡的那件。A.picked up 撿起;B.gave away 贈(zèng)送;C.put down 放下D.set aside置……于不顧。根據(jù)句意，離開(kāi)美國(guó)之前，她把家具“贈(zèng)送”給朋友。故選B。9．We can't _______buying a new car any longer. The one we've got now just doesn't start in the morning． A．put off B．pick up? C．count on

18、D．bear on【答案】A 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我們不能再推遲買(mǎi)新車(chē)了。我們現(xiàn)有的這輛今天早晨就打不著火。A.put off推遲；B. pick up撿起；C. count on指望；D. bear on對(duì)……施加壓力，使難以承受。根據(jù)下文The one we've got now just doesn't start in the morning 可知，我們現(xiàn)有的這輛車(chē)今天早晨就打不著火，所以不能再“推遲”買(mǎi)新車(chē)了。故選A項(xiàng)。 10．The old rules have to be ______ because they only applied to the circum

19、stances that existed when they were made a hundred years ago. A．developed B．established C．observed D．revised 【答案】D 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的辨析及語(yǔ)境理解。句意：老的規(guī)則需要被修改因?yàn)樗鼈冎贿m合一百年前制定時(shí)的狀況。A項(xiàng)表示“培養(yǎng)，發(fā)展”；B項(xiàng)表示“建立”；C項(xiàng)表示“觀察”；D項(xiàng)正是“修改”之意，because they only applied to 可知它只適用于以前，不適用于現(xiàn)在，需要修訂，故選D。 11．As a grassroots singer, sh

20、e reads everything she can ______concerning music, and takes every opportunity to improve herself. A．catch sight of B．get hold of C．take charge of D．make mention of 【答案】B 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：作為一名草根歌手，她閱讀能夠找到的關(guān)于音樂(lè)的一切，并且抓住每一個(gè)提高自己的機(jī)會(huì)。A.catch sight of 看見(jiàn)；B. Get hold of找到某物以供使用；C.Take charge o

21、f控制；D.make mention of提到。根據(jù)takes every opportunity to improve herself.可知，，她閱讀能夠找到的關(guān)于音樂(lè)的一切，并且抓住每一個(gè)提高自己的機(jī)會(huì)。故選B。 12．---- Sorry, I have to ______ now. It’s time for class.---- OK, I’ll call back later. A．hang up B．break up? C．give up D．hold up 【答案】A 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：—對(duì)不起，我不得不掛斷電話了，上課的時(shí)間到了。—好

22、的，我晚些時(shí)候再打過(guò)來(lái)。A.hang up掛斷電話，使…等候；B.break up分解，關(guān)系破裂；C .give up放棄；D. hold up舉起，堅(jiān)持，搶劫。根據(jù)句意可知前者表示要上課了，必須掛斷電話了。故A正確。 13． Mr. and Mrs. Brown would like to see their daughter ___________, get married, and have kids. A．settle down B．keep off C．get up D．cut in 【答案】A 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：布朗先生和夫人想要看到他們的

23、女兒安頓下來(lái)，結(jié)婚生子。A. settle down安頓下來(lái)；B. keep off遠(yuǎn)離；C. get up起床；D. cut in插嘴。根據(jù)后文get married, and have kids可推知，是安頓下來(lái)，故選A。 14．Briggs will ________ as general manager when Mitchell retires. A．get away B．take over C．set off D．run out【答案】B 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：當(dāng)米切爾退休的時(shí)候，布里格斯將接管總經(jīng)理的位置。when Mitchell retir

24、es 這是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，不能用將來(lái)時(shí)，而用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)來(lái)代替；A. get away離開(kāi)；B. take over接管；C. set off出發(fā)；D. run out用完，耗盡。根據(jù)句意，故選B。 15．There will still be lots of challenges if we are to _____ garbage in a short time. A．clarify B．justify? C．satisfy D．classify【答案】D 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我們要在短時(shí)間內(nèi)對(duì)垃圾進(jìn)行分類，仍然會(huì)有很多挑戰(zhàn)。A. clarify澄清；

25、B. justify證明；C. satisfy 滿足；D. classify分類。根據(jù)空后garbage可知，此處指“對(duì)垃圾進(jìn)行分類”。故選D。 16．I never worried about my son while I was away because my mother ______ him. A．drank a toast to? B．played a joke on C．kept an eye on? D．made an apology to 【答案】C 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:我不在的時(shí)候從不擔(dān)心我的兒子，因?yàn)槲夷赣H會(huì)照看他。A. drank

26、a toast to為……干杯；B. played a joke on開(kāi)……的玩笑；C. kept an eye on照看，留意，密切注視；D. made an apology to向……道歉。因?yàn)槟赣H會(huì)“照看”我的兒子，所以“我”不在的時(shí)候從來(lái)不擔(dān)心孩子。C選項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境，故選C。 17．We can’t ______ buying a new printer for our company. The one we have doesn’t work. A．take up B．carry out? C．keep on D．put off 【答案】D 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞

27、短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:我們不能推遲為公司買(mǎi)一臺(tái)新打印機(jī)。我們現(xiàn)在的那個(gè)不運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)了。A. take up占據(jù)；B. carry out實(shí)施；C. keep on 繼續(xù)；D. put off推遲。根據(jù)“the one we have doesn’t work”可知，我們平時(shí)用的打印機(jī)不運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)了。所以，我們必須馬上買(mǎi)一臺(tái)新打印機(jī)。即:我們不能“推遲”買(mǎi)打印機(jī)。故選D。 18．We offered to give Sharon a ride home, but she ______, saying that she felt like walking. A．understood B．a(chǎn)ccepted?C．

28、compromised D．declined 【答案】D 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:我們提出Sharon回家，但她拒絕了，說(shuō)她想步行回去。A. understood 理解；B. accepted接受；C. compromised妥協(xié)；D. declined謝絕。根據(jù)“saying that she felt like walking”可知，Sharon想自己回家，所以她“謝絕”了我們的提議。故選D。 19．The company is willing to ______________ the new technology if it can be shown to reduce

29、 production costs. A．look over B．bring in?C．put aside D．knock out 【答案】B 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：如果能夠證明新技術(shù)能降低生產(chǎn)成本，公司愿意引進(jìn)。A. look over檢查，察看；B. bring in引進(jìn)；C. put aside把……放在一邊，暫不考慮；D. knock out擊倒，打破。根據(jù)“if it can be shown to reduce production costs.”可知，此處指公司引進(jìn)新技術(shù)，故選B。 20．When people want to expand the

30、ir knowledge, they usually ______ books that offer useful information. A．point to B．turn to? C．a(chǎn)ttend to D．belong to 【答案】B 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)人們想要擴(kuò)展他們的知識(shí)時(shí)，他們通常求助于提供有用信息的書(shū)籍。A. point to指向；B. turn to求助于；C. attend to照顧；D. belong to屬于。由“When people want to expand their knowledge, offer useful i

31、nformation.”可知，turn to“求助于”符合句意。故選B項(xiàng)。 21．It’s easy to get lost when you drive in a new city, so it’s important to ______ a good map before you set out.A．study B．display? C．deliver D．publish【答案】A 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)你在一個(gè)陌生的城市開(kāi)車(chē)時(shí)很容易迷路，所以在出發(fā)前仔細(xì)看一張好地圖是很重要的。A. study 細(xì)看；B. display展示；C. deliver 投遞

32、；D. publish出版。由“It’s easy to get lost when you drive in a new city，before you set out”可知，study“細(xì)看”符合句意。故選A項(xiàng)。22．A city is the product of the human hand and mind, ________ man’s intelligence and creativity.A．resembling B．reflecting? C．reviewing D．restoring 【答案】B 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：城市是人類的雙手和思想

33、的產(chǎn)物，反映了人的智慧和創(chuàng)造力。A. resembling像；B. reflecting反映；C. reviewing回顧；D. restoring恢復(fù)。故選B符合語(yǔ)境。 23．More wind power stations will ________ to meet the demand for clean energy. A．take up B．clear up? C．hold up D．spring up 【答案】D 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：為了滿足對(duì)清潔能源的需求，更多的風(fēng)力發(fā)電站將會(huì)被建立起來(lái)。A. take up開(kāi)始從事，占領(lǐng)，開(kāi)始干（工作）；B.

34、 clear up整理，收拾，解決（問(wèn)題）；C. hold up（論點(diǎn)、理論等）站得住腳，阻擋，舉起；D. spring up出現(xiàn)，涌現(xiàn)。故選D。24．Kate heard a man’s voice in the background, but she couldn’t ________ what he was saying.A．set aside B．take back C．make out D．keep off 【答案】C 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：凱特聽(tīng)到背景中有一個(gè)男人的聲音，但她聽(tīng)不清他在說(shuō)什么。A. set aside存儲(chǔ)，留出；B. take ba

35、ck收回，拿回；C. make out辨認(rèn)出，理解，了解；D. keep off（使）避開(kāi)。根據(jù)but可推知，凱特應(yīng)該是聽(tīng)不清。故選C。25．Working with the medical team in Africa has ____________ the best in her as a doctor.A．held out? B．brought out C．picked out? D．given out 【答案】B 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：與非洲的醫(yī)療團(tuán)隊(duì)合作，使她成為最佳醫(yī)生。A. held out堅(jiān)持，伸出；B. brought out使顯示；C. pi

36、cked out挑出；D. given out分發(fā)，用盡。故選B項(xiàng)。26． Developing the Yangtze River Economic Belt is a systematic project which _______ a clear road map and timetable. A．calls for B．calls on C．calls off D．calls up 【答案】A 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析及語(yǔ)境理解。句意：發(fā)展長(zhǎng)江經(jīng)濟(jì)帶是一項(xiàng)需要清晰的路線圖和時(shí)間表的系統(tǒng)工程。A. calls for需要；B. calls on號(hào)召；C. call

37、s off取消；D. calls up使想起。故選A。 27． Kids shouldn’t have access to violent films because they might _______ the things they see. A．indicate B．investigate C．imitate D．innovate 【答案】C 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析及語(yǔ)境理解。句意：孩子不應(yīng)該接觸暴力電影，因?yàn)樗麄円苍S會(huì)模仿他們所見(jiàn)的事情。A. indicate指示；B. investigate調(diào)查；C. imitate模仿；D. innovate改革。故選C。

38、 28． It took him a long time to___________ the skills he needed to become a good dancer. A．display B．a(chǎn)cquire C．teach D．test 【答案】B 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析及語(yǔ)境理解。句意：他花了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才獲得了成為一名優(yōu)秀舞蹈家所需的技能。A display顯示；B. acquire獲得；C. teach教；D. test測(cè)試。故選B。29． At first Robert wouldn’t let his daughter go diving, but

39、 eventually he _______ as she was so confidence about her skills. A．gave in B．dressed up C．broke in D．turned up 【答案】A 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析及語(yǔ)境理解。句意：起初，羅伯特不愿讓他女兒去潛水，但最終他讓步了，因?yàn)樗龑?duì)她的技能是如此的有把握。A. gave in屈服，讓步；B. dressed up打扮；C. broke in闖入；打斷；D. turned up出現(xiàn)。根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折詞but及原因as she was so confident about her

40、skills.可知，最終他讓步了。故選A。 30．I hate it when she calls me at work—I’m always too busy to _____ a conversation with her .A．carry on B．break into C．turn down D．cut off 【答案】A 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我討厭她在上班的時(shí)候給我打電話。我總是太忙了不能和她進(jìn)行談話。A.carry on進(jìn)行；B.break into破門(mén)而入；C.turn down拒絕，聲音調(diào)低；D.cut off切斷。根據(jù)前文說(shuō)我太忙了，所以可知是不能進(jìn)行通話，too...to...，意為“太……而不能……”，故選A。