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1、外研版英語八年級上冊 Module 4 Planes, ships and trains Unit 1He lives the farthest from school 一、 重點單詞： 1、accident There was a road accident, and the traffic was very heavy. 2、crowded But its so crowded! 二、 Language Points： 1、What happened? 怎么了？出什么事了？ = What’s wrong? / What’s the matter? (1

2、)sth +happened +地點/時間狀語：表示某地或某時發(fā)生了某事。 The story happened in 2012. (2)sth+happened+to sb: 表示某人出了某事 A car accident happened to her this morning. (3)sb+happen(s)/happened+to do sth表示某人碰巧做某事。 I happened to meet a friend of mine in the street yesterday. 2. But nobody was late, except me.但是沒有人

3、遲到，除了我。 I was late for school today. Be late for…遲到 （1）except “除……之外”，后面可接名詞、代詞、v.-ing形式、副詞、介詞短語和從句等。 Eg. We have an English lesson every day except Sunday. 除星期天外，我們每天有一堂英語課。（星期天不上） （2）besides “除……外, 另外還有”, 著重“另外還有”。 Eg. Besides English, he has to study German. 除了英語, 他還要學德語。 （學英語） E

4、g: We went to the football match except Tom. We went to the football match besides Tom. 2. Maybe I should go to school by taxi. 或許我應該乘出租車上學。 （1）maybe “或許；可能”， 副詞，在句中作狀語，相當于perhaps，常位于句首。 Eg. Maybe she’ll come this afternoon. 她可能今天下午來。 辨 析： may be中，may是情態(tài)動詞，be是動詞原形，兩者構成完整的謂

5、語形式，與主語形成系表結構，意為“也許是、可能是”。 Eg. He may be a soldier. 他可能是名軍人。Maybe he is at school. ===He may be at school （2）by taxi “乘坐出租車” by+交通工具 “乘……， 坐……”。 注意：表示交通工具的名詞前不能有冠詞 表達交通方式 （1）騎自行車 ride a bike to … = go to…by bike/on a bike （2）乘公共汽車 go to… by bus/on a bus = take/catch a bus

6、 （3）坐汽車 drive a car to …= go to…by car/in a car （4）乘火車 go to …by train/on a train =take /catch a train （5）乘輪船 by ship /sea （6）乘飛機 fly to…=go to…by plane/air/on a plane （7）乘渡輪 by ferry=take the ferry （8） 乘地鐵 take the underground = go to ... by subway 詢問某人做某事的方式時候，可以用How does s

7、b. dosth.? How do you go to school everyday? I go to school by bike. 3. How does Tony go to school? 托尼怎么去上學？ how是疑問副詞，意為“如何、怎樣”，用來詢問交通方式 4. He lives the farthest from school, so he takes the underground. 他住的離學校最遠，所以 他乘坐地鐵。 far adv. 遠，遙遠 adj. 遠的，遙遠的Our school is not far from here. 我們學

8、校離這不遠。 far away 遙遠，遠離 far away from 離……遠 how far多遠（對距離進行提問）eg: How far is it from your home to school? It’s about five miles away from your home to school. close to 離……近 Mr.Smith lives close to the town. Her home is the closest to school, so she walks. Eg. My home is far from school.

9、我家離學校很遠。 The school is close to my home. 學校離我家很近。 5. There’s so much traffic. so much修飾不可數(shù)名詞 so many 修飾可數(shù)名詞 6.Then what about going by bike ? And what about Lingling? what about+名詞\ving=how about 用于提出建議 7.He goes by bus too, the same as me. The same as“和……一樣”，其反義短語為be differen

10、t from“與……不同” The twins look the same as each other. 8. You can ride your bike to school, but remember to be careful all the time. (1)You can ride your bike to school= You can go to school by bike\on your bike. (2) remember to do sth. remember doing sth. (3) all the time 一直 總是 練 習

11、I. 用所給詞的適當形式填空 1. Tony lives ___________ ( far) from school in his class. 2. Going by bus is the ____ ( good) way to get to school. 3. I think going by bike is _________________ (dangerous) way of all. 4. Daming has the ______ (fast) journey by bicycle. Ⅱ 完成句子 1.他住得離郵局最遠。He lives ___ ______

12、_ ______ the post office. 2. 這是到校的最好方式。 It’s ____ ____ ____ to get to school. 3.我住得離學校最近。I live ___ ________ ___ school. III、 句型轉(zhuǎn)換 1.He sometimes takes the train to go to Beijing (改為同義句） He sometimes goes to Beijing ____ _____. 2. He often walks to school.（改為同義句）He often goes to school

13、 ____ ____. 3. Dad always goes to work by car.（對畫線部分提問）____ _____ dad always go to work? Unit 2 What is the best way to travel? 一、Important points 1. I am planning to travel from London to Amsterdam.我打算從倫敦到阿姆斯特丹旅行。 1) plan to do sth意為“計劃/打算做某事“。 He doesn’t plan to go to Beijing on vacation.

14、I’m planning to buy a new piano for my son. 2）make a plan for……意為“為……制定計劃“ They made a new plan for the use of the time.他們制定了利用時間的新計劃。 2. How long does the journey take, and what is the best way to travel ? 這次旅行花費了多長時間？旅行的最好方式是什么？ (1) take 是動詞，表示“花費或需要用一定的時間”。 It takes sb. some time to do s

15、th. “做某事花費某人……時間” Eg. It takes her an hour to finish the work. 完成這項工作花費了她一個小時的時間。 It took him two years to draw the picture. The journey to the airport takes about half an hour.到機場大約要話費半個小時。 (2) the best way to travel “最好的旅行方式”。 way “方式；方法” (3)How long“多長時間”用來對時間段進行提問，多用于現(xiàn)在完成時。 答語：for+

16、時間 / since +短語 Eg: How long have you known him? 你認識他多久了？ For five years. 五年了。 How often“多久一次，多長時間一次”，對頻率進行提問。 答語：usually, sometimes, never, once a week, twice a month. Eg: How often do you visit your grandmother? Once a week. How soon“再過多久，還要多久”，對將來的時間段就行提問，多用于將來時。 答語：in + 時間段 Eg: How soon

17、will he be back? 他要多久才回來？ In an hour. 3.Could you please tell me about the trains or ships to get there ? （1）Could you please…請你干……好嗎，后加動詞原形；是一種委婉客氣的表達方式；相當于would you please…… Could you please give a hand？ （2）tell sb. about sth. I’d like to tell you about my family. 4. The more informat

18、ion, the better.信息越多越好。 the + 比較級+(主語+謂語)，the+比較級+(主語+謂語) “越來越……” The harder you work，the more you will get. 5. A journey by train is more relaxing than by coach, but a lot more expensive. 乘火旅行 比乘坐長途汽車更加令人放松，但也更貴一些。 （1）修飾比較級詞語：much, a lot,far(……的多) a little, a bit（有點 稍微） still, even（更） Eg:

19、 I am a little taller than you. 我比你高點。 （2）修飾原級的詞語：very, pretty, quite, a bit 6.You can go by car and by ship across the North Sea. (1)across穿過（側(cè)重于從物體表面穿過，從一邊到另一邊） The students are walking across the street\road\bridge. He swam across the river\sea. (2)through穿過（側(cè)重于從物體內(nèi)部穿過） Go through a door

20、\window\hole\city\village\tunnel\clouds\forest…. 7. However, it will not cost as much as going by train. 然而，它花費將不如乘坐火車多。 And it takes you about twelve hours to get there. (1) (however adv. “然而，不過”表示轉(zhuǎn)折關系，語氣比but弱，however 逗號后面的句子 But conj. 但是是并列連詞，表示轉(zhuǎn)折關系，語氣比較強烈 (2)cost 的用法 動詞 “花費” The book c

21、ost me 10 yuan. (2) 名詞 “價格” The cost of the book is 10 yuan. . 辨析： take, spend, cost, pay Cost 主語是物，一般有兩個賓語，不用于被動語態(tài)。 Spend 主語是人，賓語是時間、精力、金錢等，與介詞on或in搭配。 Pay “支付，付款”，主語是人，常與介詞for 連用。 take 主語常是it,也可以是物。 It takes sb.+時間+to do sth. It took me an hour to go shopping.購物花了我一個小時。 It too

22、k them three years to build this road.他們花了3年時間修這條路。 sb. spend 錢或時間 on sth. I spent $ 5 on the shirt. I spent two hours on this maths problem. 這道數(shù)學題花了我兩個小時。 sb. spend錢或時間 (in) doing sth. I spent $ 5 (in) buying the shirt. sth. cost 錢. sth. cost sb. 錢.(主語是物) The shirt costs $

23、5. The shirt cost me $ 5. A new computer costs a lot of money.買一臺新電腦要花很多錢。 sb.pay (錢)for sth. I paid $ 5 for the shirt. I paid for the shirt. He paid a lot of money for the house.他買這所房子花了很多錢。 (3) as much as going as…as+代詞、名詞、ving 8. It is the fastest and the second cheapest , b

24、ut you may have to wait for hours at the airport because of bad weather. （1）the second cheapest the+序數(shù)詞+最高級 第幾最…… Huang River is the second longest river in China. He is the third tallest boy in his class. （2）have to do sth. 不得不干……；必須干…… His mother is ill，he has to stay at sc

25、hool. （3）because of +名詞\代詞\ving 9.Well , I hope this helps! Have a great trip! hope to do sth He hopes to go to Beijing one day. hope+從句 Everyone hopes he has a good future. 練習 1. I walk to school, too. (改為同義句) I walk to school ____ _____. 2. They go to work by bike.（對畫線部分提問） ____ do they go to work? 3.The cheapest way to get to Paris is by plane. （同上） _____ _____ the cheapest way to get to Paris? 4. It takes me 2 hours to travel to Beijing by train. （同上） ______ ______ does it take you to travel to Beijing by train?