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1、中考定語從句講解（通俗易懂，含練習題） 定語從句 請看下面的句子： I want to know the boy who is the tallest. 句子做定語修飾boy （一）概念: 定語從句：在復合句中修飾名詞或代詞的句子， 叫定語從句。 先行詞：被定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞。 關系詞：引導定語從句的詞叫關系詞。 （2） 定語從句的分類 Ⅰ、限定性定語從句：從句不可少，沒有它，先行詞的意思不明確，主句也不完整。與先行詞之間不用逗號。 e.g:This is the book that/which I want. Ⅱ、非限定性定語從句：是對先行詞的補充說

2、明，沒有它不會影響先行詞或主句意思的完整性。 從句一般用逗號同主句分開。 e.g:Mr. Green， who is watching TV，is my uncle. （三）(限定性)定語從句的結構 Mary is a girl who has long hair. 先行詞 關系詞 定語從句 關系代詞 關系副詞 which, who, whom, whose, that where, when, why （四）定語從句的實質(zhì)：二句合一 （合并條

3、件：人物先行在句一，又占句二一席地） Mary is a girl. 合并為一個句子 She has long hair. 思路：留（保留先行詞）-----舍（舍去與先行詞互指的詞）----替（用關系詞代替舍去部分） Mary is a girl who/that has long hair. 請把下列句子二句合一 1. I saw the man.He closed the door 2.The girl is

4、happy. She won the race 3.The man called the police . His wallet was stolen （五） 定語從句關系詞的確定: l a.先行詞的分類 l b.先行詞在從句中充當?shù)某煞? 1.先行詞做主語 人：who/that

5、 物：which/that 2.先行詞做賓語 人：who/whom/that 物：which/that 3.先行詞做定語 人：whose 物：whose/of which 4.先行詞做狀語：when, where, why l who, whom, whose, that用法區(qū)別. l who /that作定語從句的主語或賓語. The man who/that is

6、speaking at the meeting is a worker. 做題思路：先分解——分析——再合并 分解 The man is a worker. The man is speaking at the meeting. 作主語 l Whom /that作定語從句的賓語 The woman（ whom/that) they wanted to visit is a teacher. 分解 The woman

7、 is a teacher. They wanted to visit the woman. 作賓語 注意: 關系代詞作動詞賓語時可省略. l whose 作定語從句的定語. I know the girl whose mother is a teacher. 分解 I know the girl. The girl’s mother i

8、s a teacher. 作定語 小結： 關系詞判斷步驟 l 首先，要辨別出先行詞。如果先行詞是指人,關系詞可能就用who, that whom, whose。如果先行詞指物,關系詞可能用which或that l 然后，要確定關系詞在從句中的成分。請看下表 先行詞 主語 賓語 定語 人 who, that who(m), that whose 物 which, that which, that whose, of whic

9、h 鞏固練習：用適當代關系詞填空 1. I have a friend ________ likes listening to classical music. 2. Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress __________ I gave her. 3. The man ______ leg broke in a match used to be a football player. （六）只能用that,不能用which的情況： (1)先行詞為all, everything，anything，nothing, some

10、thing, nothing ,few, little, much, the one等不定代詞時； (2)先行詞被形容詞最高級所修飾或被the only, the very, the last, any, few, little , no, all, one of 等修飾時： (3)先行詞為數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞（含 last)修飾時。 （4）先行詞是并列詞組既有人又有物時。 (5)在以who, which開頭的句子中為了避免重復。 口訣：不定代詞這一伙，全用that準沒錯 先行詞前有修飾，千萬不能用which. 請在以下例句中體會以上規(guī)則： 1. H

11、ere is something that I will tell you. 2.We haven’t got much that we can offer you. 3. Is it the one that you want ? 4.This is the most interesting story that I have ever heard. 5. I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I see. 6.Which is the bike that you lost? 7.Who is the wom

12、an that was praised at the meeting? （七）只能使用which 的情況 l 1.關系代詞前有介詞時； l 2.先行詞本身是 that 時； l 3.非限定定語從句 l 口訣:要有which別著急， l 介詞提前逗隔離。 l e.g:1.This is the classroom in which we studied for two year. l 2.She has two dolls，which are from her parents 單項選擇： l 1. This is the bag _____

13、 my mother bought yesterday. l A. thatB. who C. whom D. this l 2. The girl _____ you saw in the street is Mary. l A. that B. whose C. whichD. as l 3. Is this the factory _____ a lot of students visited yesterday? l A. the oneB. which C. who D. whom l ※4.Is this factory a lot of studen

14、ts visited ? A. the oneB. which C. who D. who l 5. The only language _____ is easy to learn is the mother tongue. l A. whichB. that C. /D. it l 6. The girl handed everything _____ she had picked up in the street to the police. l A. which B. in which C. thatD. all l ※7. _____ cleans

15、 the blackboard should be praised. l A. That B. Who C. The one whoD. The students who l 注意： l ①當關系詞作定語從句的主語時，從句謂語動詞的形式應與先行詞的人稱和數(shù)保持一致。 ②若句中無先行詞，先補出先行詞再判斷用法。（4,7題） 完成下列句子： 1.這就是救了那個孩子命的醫(yī)生. who saved the boy’ s life This is the doctor 2.正在跑步的那個人是我的叔叔.

16、 who is running The man is my uncle. 3.我看見一位錢包丟失了的婦女。 I saw a woman whose bag was stolen /whose bag was lost. 4. 住在隔壁的那個小伙的是教師. The young man is a teacher. who

17、lives next door 注意：定語從句的時態(tài)不受主句影響。 【定語從句中考真題演練】 1、There are lots of things ______ I need to prepare before the trip. (河北省卷) A. who B. that C. whom D. whose 2、Jim dislikes people _______talk much but never do anything. （吉林省通化市） A.whom B.when C.whose

18、D.who 3、—I hear Sam has gone to Qiandiao for his holiday. （江蘇省南京市） --Oh,how nice!Do you know when he_______? A.left B.was leaving C.has left D.had left 4、We are trying to help those children ____lost their parents in Yushu , Qinghai Province. (浙江省衢州市) A. which B. when

19、 C. who D. whose 5、Do you know the girl _______is singing in the classroom? (湖南長沙) A.who B.which C.when 6、—The volunteers are doing a great job in Yushu. （江蘇省揚州市） --Yes.They are helping the people ______are suffering from the earthquake. A.which B.what C./

20、 D.who 7、Have you found the answer to the question ______I asked you this morning? （四川省成都市） A.when B.what C.that 8、Friends are those____ make you smile，always open their hearts to you and encourage you to succeed. （河南?。? A which B what C whom D who

21、 9、I began to work in Shanghai in the year _____ HongKong was returned to China. （湖北省十堰市） A.that B.which C.where D.when 10、This is the school _______ I studied three years ago. （山東省菏澤市） A. where B. when C. that D. which 11、—What do you usually do in your leisure time? （黑龍

22、江省哈爾濱市） —I enjoy reading in the library ____________ I lose myself in a world of good books. A. which B. that C. where 12、—The village _________I visited last year has changed a lot. （福建省福州市） --Really?I hope to go there on day. A.that B.who C.when 1

23、3、This is my beautiful school _______ is near the famous library. （廣西省桂林市） A. where B. which C. who D. when 14、The old woman ______ is wearing a pair of glasses ______ Mrs. Black. （黑龍江省雞西市） A. which, are B. who, are C. who, is 15、Do you like music _______ makes you relaxed? （廣西省定西市） A. it B. what C. who D. that