煤礦單軌吊輔助運輸系統(tǒng)建設分析外文文獻翻譯、中英文翻譯、外文翻譯
煤礦單軌吊輔助運輸系統(tǒng)建設分析外文文獻翻譯、中英文翻譯、外文翻譯,煤礦,單軌,輔助,運輸,系統(tǒng),建設,分析,外文,文獻,翻譯,中英文
英文原文
Analysis on the Construction of the Monorail Hoist Auxiliary Transportation System in Coal Mine
Abstract
To improve the efficiency of the auxiliary transportation system in the coal mine, the monorail auxiliary transportation system was built with the analysis of monorail’s adaptability and road section, and calculation about locomotive selection. The key link of the system’s popularization and application were proposed. The system provides practical significance to improve environment, enhance efficiency and ensure safety in transportation.
Keywords: monorail hoist；auxiliary transportation；road section, locomotive type selection
Introduction
The level of mechanization advances rapidly due to the improvement and development of the technical equipment in Coal Mine Production. But poor state of the auxiliary transport facilities become the main factors restricting production efficiency and economic benefits of the coal mine. Therefore, it has become the focus of technology target to achieve the auxiliary transport mechanization and develop reliable, economic and practical auxiliary transportation technology.
In recent years, along with the rise in economic benefits of coal mine, the focus of coal mine management has shifted to the safety management. Our country begins to introduce monorail and other advanced auxiliary transport equipment from abroad aiming at putting auxiliary transportation in use with more people and more links. As a new mode of transport, monorail transport overcome restrictions on transport conditions of other locomotives and it realizes to use in many fluctuating and curved road.
Applicable condition of Monorail
(1) The monorail locomotive is not influenced by floor deformation (bass drum) and roadway material accumulation, because it suspended in the roadway roof or supporting roof beam when carrying materials. Supporting shed beam should be installed for tensioning chain reinforcement when the hanging bearing device is hung on the supporting roof beam. When using the bolt hanging in roadway roof, it should be based on the type of locomotive and future to carry equipment maximum mass calculation, select suitable anchor rod or rope, and modulate the anchoring length.
(2) Monorail locomotive can be used in horizontal and inclined roadway. When used in inclined tunnel transportation, roadway slope usually ≤ 18°, best slope
(3) Monorail locomotive of diesel engine or battery has flexible characteristics. A locomotive can realize the transportation of materials, equipment and person on a plurality of branch roadway. Rope traction monorail need to install rope wheels on the corners and can't run on the branch road. Because the running distance is too long, the resistance of the train, traction rope resistance, the bearing capacity of track and bracket need to increase. And monorail support, guide wire rope and wire rope tension will become more complicated.
(4) in order to reach non-destructive degree of health of air, the roadway of monorail running need enough air to dilute the harmful gas because diesel engine monorail locomotive will emit little smoke and smell.
(5) The battery monorail locomotive not exist shortcomings of diesel engine monorail, but it was limited by the capacity constraints of the battery. And battery monorail power is small, self-weight is larger. The monorail applies to transport materials and personnel on the roadway of less tractive force, poor ventilation.
Construction of monorail auxiliary transportation system
Adaptability analysis of monorail：(1) Simple to install, fewer personnel occupied and high efficiency. Tails of monorail are installed by anchors in underground haulage roadway. The installation of every rail only needs two anchors, a pair of suspension plates and a chain. It is not only simple to install, but also easy to maintain after installation. The monorail is operated normal only with two drivers. (2) Flexibility and wide rang of applications. Trail conditions bring little influence to monorail, for example, floor heave roadway, rib spalling, etc. So it is easy to maintain roadway, and various jobs. It can realize continuous transportation between multi-strip roadways through turnout. And it also can convey fully mechanized mining supporter to coal working face without reshipment. (3) High security and strong adaptability. A set of monorail network system was formed by monorail track way between roadways which are connected by turnouts and bends. A monorail locomotive can serve multiple roadways and working face or many locomotives serve on a roadway, so it could finish more transport task in time.
Road section analysis of monorail hoist：The monorail hoist will swing left and right and up and down when running. You should take account these factors when determine the size of road section. Fig. 1 shows the structure of road section.
According to Fig. 1, you known
L = 2L1 + L2
Where
L : width of running, mm;
L1 : swinging scope of one side, 150 mm;
L2 : width of monorail hoist, mm.
H = H1 + H2 + H3
Where
H : height between suspension and floor, mm;
H1 : the minimum altitude between suspension and equipment, mm;
H2 : the height of equipment, mm;
H3 : height between equipment and floor, not less than 200 mm.
Fig. 1 The road section of monorail hoist
Locomotive type selection. The conditions are as follow.
(1) The conditions must be to known before calculating of locomotive type selection, 1.Transportation distance; 2.slope of roadways; 3.operation track have branches or not; 4.the maximum mass of single piece need to deliver; 5.Whether deliver person.
(2) To choose corresponding locomotive to calculate by the known conditions and application scope of monorail hoist.
(3) The largest traffic volume a single time of monorail hoist, transport ability of locomotive, comprehensive economic efficiency etc. should determine before calculating tractive force of monorail hoist.
(4) Tractive force calculation
Where
F : maximum tractive force;
Q : payload of locomotive;
θ : angle of running roadway;
μ : drag coefficient of running locomotive, 0.3;
η B : circuit efficiency; when line for straight line, takes 0.8; the roadway curve each 15°reduce 0.01; the circuit efficiency reduces 0.06 when the maximum turning angle is 90°, take 0.74
(5) To choose locomotive power and the number of driving wheelset by the required locomotive traction.
(6) Locomotive number calculation
a round trip time:
Where
Ty :a round trip running time, min;
L : weighted average distance, min;
p v : locomotive running speed, m/s;
Ks : speed effect, 0.8;
Tf : loading and shunting auxiliary time, min.
The number of locomotive workbench:
Where
n : round trips each shift each locomotive;
Nn : the number of locomotive each shift;
A : maximum volume each shift, t;
Z : number of containers per train;
t : the working-time each shift locomotive;
G : payload weight of each container, t;
Kb : imbalance coefficient of train transportation, 1.2.
The key links of monorail hoist auxiliary transportation system in popularization and application
(1) Optimizing system design.
To realize transportation continuous by break through design mode. To ensure the monorail running space by designed roadway. The selection of rail and locomotives were based on the needs of actual production. [4]
(2) Optimized working procedure
In order to avoid duplication of labor, the relation between mine development and auxiliary transportation should integrate thinking. And mine development and monorail auxiliary transportation were designed at the same time.
(3) Perfecting supported facilities
According to the transportation of materials and persons, transshipping stations, gas station and repair stations were sated in proper places, material boxes and passenger cars were manufactured, and a synchronous communication system was established.
(4) Guaranteed running space
To ensure safe operation space of monorail some regulations should be taken. The regulations should be carried out in accordance to the follwing principles: the distance between rail of straight line and projecting point of roadway slope should be not less than 1.2m, the distance between rail of bend and projecting point of roadway slope should be not less than 2m.
(5) Strengthening post training
Monorail hoist transportation is a new technology of auxiliary transportation system which is advanced and technical. Effective measures should be taken, in such respects as post responsibility, improve the personnel quality. To ensure locomotive safe operation, monorail hoist should be scheduled maintenance.
References
[1] Zhuang Yan. Selection calculation of the monorail hoist in coal mine [J]. Mining & Processing Equipment. 2010, 38(5): 44- 46. (in Chinese)
[2] Rongli Zhang. Mining engineering design manual [M]. Coal Industry Press, 2002. (in Chinese).
[3] Junqing Zhang. Selection of overhead monorail design for auxiliary haulage of Youzhong Coal County[J]. China Coal. 2011, 37(5): 76- 78. (in Chinese)
[4] Yushui Liu. Several problems in the application of monorail [J]. Shandong Coal Science and Technology. 2010(1): 46- 47. (in Chinese)
中文譯文
煤礦單軌吊輔助運輸系統(tǒng)建設分析
摘要：為提高煤礦輔助運輸系統(tǒng)的效率，通過對單軌車輛的適應性和路段分析，以及機車選型計算，建立了單軌輔助運輸系統(tǒng)。提出了該系統(tǒng)推廣應用的關鍵環(huán)節(jié)。該系統(tǒng)對改善運輸環(huán)境，提高運輸效率，保障運輸安全具有重要的現(xiàn)實意義。
關鍵詞：單軌吊車；輔助運輸；路段；機車選型
簡介：隨著煤礦生產技術裝備的改進和發(fā)展，機械化水平迅速提高。但輔助運輸設施的落后狀況成為制約煤礦生產效率和經濟效益的主要因素。因此，實現(xiàn)輔助運輸機械化，開發(fā)可靠、經濟、實用的輔助運輸技術已成為技術目標的重點。
近年來，隨著煤礦經濟效益的提高，煤礦管理的重心已經轉移到安全管理上。 我國開始從國外引進單軌吊及其他先進的輔助運輸設備，旨在使輔助運輸中使用的人更少，環(huán)接更多。 單軌運輸作為一種新型的運輸方式，克服了其他機車運輸條件的限制，實現(xiàn)了在許多起伏不平的彎道中的使用。
單軌適用條件：
（1）?單軌機車在運輸物料時懸掛在巷道頂板或支護頂板梁上，不受底板變形（低鼓）和巷道積料的影響。當懸掛支承裝置懸掛在支承頂板梁上時，應安裝支承棚梁以張拉錨鏈鋼筋。在巷道頂板采用錨桿支護時，應根據(jù)機車類型和未來運輸設備的最大質量計算，選擇合適的錨桿或錨索，調整錨固長度。
（2）?單軌機車可用于水平和傾斜巷道。當用于傾斜隧道運輸時，巷道坡度通?！?8°。
（3）柴油機或蓄電池單軌機車具有靈活的特點。機車可在多條支路上實現(xiàn)物料、設備和人員的運輸。繩牽引單軌需要在轉角處安裝繩輪，不能在支路上運行。由于行車距離太長，列車的阻力、牽引繩阻力、軌道和支架的承載能力都需要提高。而單軌支撐、導向鋼絲繩和鋼絲繩張緊將變得更加復雜。
（4） 為了達到空氣的無損健康程度，因為柴油機單軌機車排放的煙氣和氣味很少，單軌運行的巷道需要足夠的空氣來稀釋有害氣體。
（5）?蓄電池單軌機車不存在柴油機單軌的缺點，但受到蓄電池容量的限制。而且電池單軌功率小，自重較大。單軌適用于牽引力較小、通風不良的巷道上運輸物料和人員。
單軌輔助運輸系統(tǒng)建設：
單軌適應性分析：
（1）安裝簡單，占用人員少，效率高。在地下運輸巷道中，單軌的尾部采用錨固件安裝。每根鋼軌的安裝只需要兩個錨桿、一對吊板和一條鏈條。它不僅安裝簡單，而且安裝后易于維護。只有兩個司機才能正常操作單軌。
（2）靈活性和廣泛的應用范圍。試驗條件對單軌車輛的影響很小，如底鼓巷道、幫肋剝落等，便于維護巷道和各種作業(yè)。通過道岔可實現(xiàn)多條巷道間的連續(xù)運輸。也可將綜采支架無需倒運至采煤工作面。
（3）?安全性高，適應性強。在由道岔和彎道連接的道路間設置單軌軌道，形成一套單軌網(wǎng)絡系統(tǒng)。一臺單軌機車可以服務于多條巷道和工作面，也可以多臺機車同時服務于一條巷道，從而可以及時完成更多的運輸任務。
單軌吊車斷面分析：單軌吊車運行時會左右擺動，上下擺動。在確定路段尺寸時，應考慮這些因素。圖1為路段結構示意圖。
圖1單軌吊車路段
根據(jù)圖1，你知道
L = 2L1 + L2
式中：L:運行寬度，mm；
L1:單側擺動范圍，150mm；
L2:單軌吊車寬度，mm
H = H1 + H2 + H3
式中：H：懸架距地面高度，mm；
H1：懸架距設備最低高度，mm；
H2：設備高度，mm；
H3：設備距地面高度，不小于200mm
機車選型條件如下：
（1）?機車選型計算前必須了解條件：1.運距；2.巷道坡度；3.運行軌道有無分支；4.需要運送的單件最大質量；5.是否運送人員。
（2） 根據(jù)已知單軌吊車的條件和適用范圍，選擇相應的機車進行計算。
（3） 在計算單軌吊車牽引力之前，應先確定單軌吊車單次最大運量、機車運輸能力、綜合經濟效益等。
（4） 牽引力計算：
式中：F：最大牽引力；
Q：機車有效載荷；
θ：走行車道角；
μ：走行機車阻力系數(shù)，取0.3；
ηB：線路效率，直線取0.8；每15°車道曲線減0.01；最大轉角90°時，線路效率減0.06，取0.74
（5） 根據(jù)所需機車牽引力選擇機車功率和驅動輪對數(shù)。
（6） 機車臺數(shù)計算：
往返時間：
式中：Ty: 往返運行時間，min；
L:加權平均距離，min；
PV:機車運行速度，m/s；
Ks:速度效應，0.8；
Tf:裝車調車輔助時間，min。
機車工作臺臺數(shù)：
式中：n：每班每機車往返；
Nn：每班機車臺數(shù)；
A：每班最大運量，t；
Z：每列車集裝箱臺數(shù)；
t：每班機車工作時間；
G：每箱有效載荷重量，t；
Kb：列車運輸不平衡系數(shù)，1.2。
單軌提升機輔助運輸系統(tǒng)在推廣和應用中的關鍵環(huán)節(jié)
（1）優(yōu)化系統(tǒng)設計。通過突破性的設計模式實現(xiàn)運輸?shù)倪B續(xù)性。 通過設計的車道確保單軌車的行駛空間。 鐵路和機車的選擇基于實際生產的需求。
（2）優(yōu)化的工作程序為避免重復勞動，礦山開發(fā)與輔助運輸之間的關系應綜合考慮。 同時設計了礦山開發(fā)和單軌輔助運輸。
（3）完善配套設施根據(jù)物資和人員的運輸情況，在適當?shù)牡胤皆O置轉運站，加油站和維修站，制造物資箱和乘用車，并建立同步通信系統(tǒng)。
（4）保證行駛空間為了確保單軌列車的安全運行空間，應遵守一些規(guī)定。?應按照以下原則執(zhí)行規(guī)定：直線軌道與巷道邊坡突出點之間的距離應不小于1.2m，彎頭軌道與巷道邊坡突出點之間的距離應不小于1.2m。?超過2m。
（5）加強崗位培訓單軌葫蘆運輸是輔助運輸系統(tǒng)的一項先進技術。?在崗位職責等方面應采取有效措施，提高人員素質。 為確保機車安全運行，應安排單軌葫蘆進行維護。
參考文獻：
[1]莊艷。?煤礦單軌提升機的選擇計算[J]。 采礦和加工設備。?2010，38（5）：44-46。[2]張榮利。 采礦工程設計手冊[M]。 煤炭工業(yè)出版社，2002。
[3]張俊清。?關鍵詞：尤中煤縣，輔助運輸，高架單軌鐵路設計選擇 中國煤炭。?2011，37（5）：76- 78.?
[4]劉玉水。 單軌鐵路應用中的幾個問題[J]。 山東煤炭科技。?2010（1）：46- 47。
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