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1、單單詞詞 名詞名詞 與海洋有關(guān)：與海洋有關(guān)：shore, shark, seaside, tide, seal, seaweed accommodation, target, lip, anecdote, telescope, teamwork, depth, cell, net, relationship, conservation, pension, dimension, flashlight, boundary, pensioner 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞 witness, yell, pause, dive, flee, drag, urge, abandon, jog, reflect, suck

2、, scare 形容形容詞詞 annual, pure, aware, vivid, neat, narrow, sharp, tasty, grey, shallow, steep, Antarctic, awesome 介詞介詞 opposite 短短語(yǔ)語(yǔ) 詞匯詞匯表表 help (.) out, be / become aware of, upside down, (be) scared to death 課文課文中中 hear of, sort out, call out, be terrified of, wake up 句式句式 1. without +動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing形式”作狀語(yǔ)

3、形式”作狀語(yǔ) 2. What +a/an +形容詞形容詞 +名詞名詞 +主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) +系系動(dòng)詞！動(dòng)詞！ 語(yǔ)法語(yǔ)法 復(fù)習(xí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(二二) 1. _ n. 軼事軼事; 奇聞奇聞 2. _ n. 目擊者目擊者; 證人證人; 證據(jù)證據(jù) vt. 經(jīng)歷經(jīng)歷; 見(jiàn)證見(jiàn)證; 出席出席; 觀察觀察 vi. 證明證明; 為為(宗教信仰宗教信仰)做見(jiàn)證做見(jiàn)證 3. _ n. 膳宿膳宿; 和解和解; 住處住處; 適應(yīng)適應(yīng) 4. _ n. 岸岸; 濱濱 5. _ adj. 近海的近海的; 離岸的離岸的; 海外的海外的 adv. 離岸地離岸地; 近海地近海地 anecdote witness accommoda

4、tion shore offshore (一一) 單單 詞詞 6. _ n. 嘴唇嘴唇; 唇狀物唇狀物 7. _ v. 驅(qū)策驅(qū)策; 鼓勵(lì)鼓勵(lì); 催促催促; 力陳力陳 8. _ n. & v. 放棄放棄; 拋棄拋棄; 放縱放縱 9. _ n. 鯊魚鯊魚; 貪婪的人貪婪的人; 放高利貸的人放高利貸的人; v. 詐取詐取; 詐騙詐騙 10. _ v. 慢跑慢跑; 輕推輕推 n. 慢跑慢跑; 輕推輕推; 顛簸顛簸 11. _ n. 海邊海邊 adj. 海邊海邊(的的); 海濱海濱(的的) 12. _ n. 網(wǎng)網(wǎng); 網(wǎng)狀物網(wǎng)狀物 13. _ n. 目標(biāo)目標(biāo); 對(duì)象對(duì)象 vt. 把把.作為目標(biāo)作為目標(biāo);

5、瞄準(zhǔn)瞄準(zhǔn) lip urge abandon shark jog seaside net target 14. _ n. 維維(數(shù)數(shù)); 方面方面; 側(cè)面?zhèn)让?15. _ vi. 思考思考 vt. 映射映射; 反射反射; 思考思考 16. _ adj. 純的純的; 純粹的純粹的; 純潔的純潔的 17. _ n. 細(xì)胞細(xì)胞 18. _ adj. 整齊的整齊的; 均勻的均勻的 19. _ n. 海藻海藻; 海草海草 20. _ adj. 狹窄的狹窄的; 有限的有限的 21. _ n. 閃光信號(hào)燈閃光信號(hào)燈; 手電筒手電筒 22. _ vt. & vi. 吮吸吮吸 23. _ vt. 拖拖; 拉拉;

6、扯扯 dimension reflect pure cell neat seaweed narrow flashlight suck drag 24. _ adj. 銳利的銳利的; 鋒利的鋒利的; 敏捷的敏捷的 25. _ adj. 好吃的好吃的; 可口的可口的 26. _ adj. & n. 灰色灰色(的的) 27. _ vt. 恐嚇恐嚇 vi. 受驚嚇受驚嚇 28. _ adj. 淺的淺的; 膚淺的膚淺的; 淺顯的淺顯的 29. _ adj. 陡峭的陡峭的 30. _ n. 界限界限; 分界線分界線 31. _ adj. 南極的南極的 32. _ adj. 使人敬畏的使人敬畏的; 令人畏懼

7、的令人畏懼的 sharp tasty grey scare shallow steep boundary Antarctic awesome 33. _ n. 潮水潮水; 潮流潮流 34. _ vi. 大叫大叫; 呼喊呼喊 n. 叫聲叫聲; 喊聲喊聲 35. _ vi. & n. 暫停暫停; 中止中止 36. _ n. 望遠(yuǎn)鏡望遠(yuǎn)鏡 37. _ n. 協(xié)作協(xié)作; 配合配合 38. _ n. 深深(度度); 深處深處 39. _ n. 海豹海豹; 封條封條; 印章印章 40. _ n. 養(yǎng)老金養(yǎng)老金; 退休金退休金 41. _ n. 領(lǐng)取養(yǎng)老金者領(lǐng)取養(yǎng)老金者 42. _ vi./n.跳水跳水;

8、潛水潛水; 俯沖俯沖 tide yell pause telescope teamwork depth seal pension pensioner dive 43. _ n. 年刊年刊; 年鑒年鑒_ adj. 每年每年的的; 按年度按年度; 計(jì)算的計(jì)算的 _ adv.一年一年一次地一次地 44. _ prep.在在對(duì)面對(duì)面 _ adj. 相對(duì)的相對(duì)的; 相反的相反的_v. 反對(duì)反對(duì) 45. _ vi. 逃離逃離; 逃跑逃跑_ (過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞) 46. _adj. 生動(dòng)的生動(dòng)的; 鮮艷的鮮艷的_ adv. 生動(dòng)地生動(dòng)地_ n. 清晰清晰 annual annual annually opp

9、osite opposite oppose flee fled vivid vividly vividness 47. _n. 關(guān)系關(guān)系_ n. 關(guān)關(guān)系系, 聯(lián)系聯(lián)系_ adj.比較的比較的_ adj. 相關(guān)的相關(guān)的, 聯(lián)系的聯(lián)系的_ v. 聯(lián)系聯(lián)系; 交往交往 48. _ n. 保存保存; 保護(hù)保護(hù)_ vt. 保護(hù)保護(hù); 保存保存 49. _ adj.意識(shí)到的意識(shí)到的 _ n. 意識(shí)意識(shí) _ adj. 沒(méi)意識(shí)到的沒(méi)意識(shí)到的 relationship relation relative related relate conservation conserve aware awareness u

10、naware 1. _ 親眼見(jiàn)證親眼見(jiàn)證 2. _ 分類分類; 收拾收拾; 整理整理 3. _ 早于早于; 在在前面前面 4. _ 朝朝瞄準(zhǔn)瞄準(zhǔn) 5. _ 調(diào)轉(zhuǎn)調(diào)轉(zhuǎn); 回轉(zhuǎn)回轉(zhuǎn) 6. _ 害怕害怕 7. _ 幫助某人擺脫困難幫助某人擺脫困難 witness sth. with ones own eyes sort out ahead of aim at turn around be terrified of help sb. out (二二) 短短 語(yǔ)語(yǔ) 8. _ 思考思考; 考慮考慮 9. _ 對(duì)對(duì)明白明白; 知道知道 10. _ 上下翻轉(zhuǎn)上下翻轉(zhuǎn) 11. _ 接近接近; 靠近靠近 12.

11、_ 嚇?biāo)懒藝標(biāo)懒?reflect on be aware of upside down get close to be scared to death 1. We ran down to the shore in time to see an enormous animal opposite us throwing itself out of the water and then crashing down again. see sb. doing sth. 看見(jiàn)某人正在干某事看見(jiàn)某人正在干某事 2. The sea was rough that day and it was difficul

12、t to handle the boat. It + be + adj. (for/of sb.)+ to do sth. 做某事是做某事是的的 (三三) 句句 式式 It seems + that從句”從句”, 其中其中it 是形式主語(yǔ)是形式主語(yǔ), that引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句。引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句。 3. It seemed that there was a surprise waiting for me around every corner as I explored small caves, 4. This was the call that announced there was about to

13、 be a whale hunt. 句中的句中的be about to表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作, 意意 為“正要為“正要/就要”就要”, 不與具體表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間不與具體表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間 狀語(yǔ)連用狀語(yǔ)連用, 常與常與when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。 1. witness n. 目擊者目擊者; 證人證人; 證據(jù)證據(jù) vt. 當(dāng)場(chǎng)見(jiàn)證當(dāng)場(chǎng)見(jiàn)證; 目擊目擊; 見(jiàn)證見(jiàn)證 I thought, at the time, that this was just a story but then I witnessed it with my own eyes many times. （

14、課文原句）（課文原句） 當(dāng)時(shí)我以為只是一個(gè)故事罷了，但是后來(lái)當(dāng)時(shí)我以為只是一個(gè)故事罷了，但是后來(lái)我親眼見(jiàn)過(guò)許多次。我親眼見(jiàn)過(guò)許多次。 (一一) 單單 詞詞 【歸納歸納】 witness sth. 當(dāng)場(chǎng)見(jiàn)到當(dāng)場(chǎng)見(jiàn)到; 目擊目擊; 見(jiàn)證見(jiàn)證 a witness to sth. 某事的證人某事的證人 bear/give witness to sth. 為為作證作證; 證明證明 witness to (doing) sth. 作證作證, 證明證明(做做)某事某事 1) He is a key witness in this case. 在這個(gè)案件中在這個(gè)案件中, 他是一個(gè)主要見(jiàn)證人。他是一個(gè)主要見(jiàn)證人

15、。 2) Did anyone witness the traffic accident? 有誰(shuí)目擊了這場(chǎng)交通事故？有誰(shuí)目擊了這場(chǎng)交通事故？ 3) The temples bear witness to the citys former greatness. 這些廟宇見(jiàn)證了這個(gè)城市以前的輝煌。這些廟宇見(jiàn)證了這個(gè)城市以前的輝煌。 4) He witnessed to having seen the man enter the room. 他證明看到那人進(jìn)了房間。他證明看到那人進(jìn)了房間。 2. pause v. 暫停暫停, 停頓停頓 Without pausing we jumped into t

16、he boat with the other whalers and headed out into the bay. （課文原句）（課文原句） 一刻不停地，我們和其他捕鯨人都跳進(jìn)漁一刻不停地，我們和其他捕鯨人都跳進(jìn)漁船，朝海灣方向駛?cè)ァ４?，朝海灣方向駛?cè)ァ?【歸納歸納】 pause for 因因而暫停而暫停 pause on (upon) sth. 仔細(xì)考慮仔細(xì)考慮 n. 停頓停頓, 間斷間斷 give someone pause 令人深思令人深思; 令人考慮令人考慮 3. drag v. 拖拖; 拉拉; 迫使迫使; 緩慢行進(jìn)緩慢行進(jìn) n. 拖拖; 拉拉; 累贅累贅; 阻力阻力 Within

17、 a moment or two, its body was dragged swiftly by the killers down into the depths of the sea. （課文原句）（課文原句） 過(guò)了片刻，鯨的尸體就被虎鯨們迅速拖向過(guò)了片刻，鯨的尸體就被虎鯨們迅速拖向深海中去了。深海中去了。 【拓展拓展】 drag away 將將硬拖走硬拖走 drag behind 落在后面落在后面 drag down 拖下去拖下去; 把身體拖垮把身體拖垮 drag through 緩緩地通過(guò)緩緩地通過(guò) drag up 向上拉向上拉 1) Drag up a chair and join

18、the conversation. 把椅子拉過(guò)來(lái)把椅子拉過(guò)來(lái), 加入我們的談話。加入我們的談話。 2) Its the high fever thats been dragging him down. 是這場(chǎng)高燒把他的身體拖垮的。是這場(chǎng)高燒把他的身體拖垮的。 3) I wanted to stay, but she dragged me off to help her shop. 我本想留下來(lái)我本想留下來(lái), 可她硬是把我拉走幫她買東可她硬是把我拉走幫她買東西。西。 4. urge vt. 催促催促; 極力主張極力主張; 驅(qū)策驅(qū)策 “Man overboard! Turn the boat ar

19、ound! urged George, shouting loudly. （課文原句）（課文原句） 喬治大聲喊道：“有人落水了！把船頭調(diào)喬治大聲喊道：“有人落水了！把船頭調(diào)回去！”回去！” 【歸納歸納】 urge sb./sth. on 催促某人催促某人/某物前進(jìn)某物前進(jìn) urge sb. to do sth. 催促某人做某事催促某人做某事 urge sb. into doing sth. 催促某人做某事催促某人做某事 urge that sb. (should) do sth. 極力主張極力主張, 強(qiáng)調(diào)強(qiáng)調(diào) 1) Brown urged her to reconsider her decis

20、ion. 布朗極力勸說(shuō)她重新考慮自己的決定。布朗極力勸說(shuō)她重新考慮自己的決定。 2) I urged that he (should) do his best. 我強(qiáng)調(diào)他要盡自己最大的努力。我強(qiáng)調(diào)他要盡自己最大的努力。 【注注】 urge 后跟后跟that 賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)常用賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)常用(should)+ 動(dòng)詞原形的虛擬語(yǔ)氣動(dòng)詞原形的虛擬語(yǔ)氣, 使用時(shí)請(qǐng)注意！使用時(shí)請(qǐng)注意！ 5. abandon vt. 放棄放棄; 遺棄遺棄; 拋棄拋棄; 離棄離棄; 逃離逃離 From Jamess face, I could see he was terrified of being abandoned by

21、 us. （課文原句）（課文原句） 從詹姆斯的臉上我能看出他非?？只?，從詹姆斯的臉上我能看出他非?？只?，生怕被我們遺棄。生怕被我們遺棄。 【歸納歸納】 abandon oneself to 沉溺于沉溺于 abandon the hope (of doing sth.) 放棄放棄(做某事的做某事的)希望希望 abandon doing sth. 放棄做某事放棄做某事 with abandon 放任的放任的, 放縱的放縱的 1) The cruel man abandoned his wife and child. 那個(gè)狠心的男人拋棄了他的妻兒。那個(gè)狠心的男人拋棄了他的妻兒。 2) Those w

22、ho abandon themselves to despair can not succeed. 那些自暴自棄的人無(wú)法成功。那些自暴自棄的人無(wú)法成功。 3) People were shouting and cheering with abandon. 人們興高采烈人們興高采烈, 縱情歡呼。縱情歡呼。 6. target n.目標(biāo)目標(biāo); 靶靶; 受批評(píng)的對(duì)象受批評(píng)的對(duì)象 vt. 把把作為攻擊目標(biāo)作為攻擊目標(biāo)/批評(píng)對(duì)象批評(píng)對(duì)象 First, not only target fish are caught in the net, but many other sea animals are fo

23、und hanging there. （課文原句）（課文原句） 首先，不但可以網(wǎng)到想要捉的魚，而且其首先，不但可以網(wǎng)到想要捉的魚，而且其他的海洋動(dòng)物也可以捕獲。他的海洋動(dòng)物也可以捕獲。 【歸納歸納】 set (sb.) a target for (給某人給某人)設(shè)定設(shè)定的目標(biāo)的目標(biāo) Our country has set a target for reducing the emission of carbon dioxide. 我國(guó)已制定了一個(gè)降低二氧化碳排放的目我國(guó)已制定了一個(gè)降低二氧化碳排放的目 標(biāo)。標(biāo)。 7. scare v. 恐嚇恐嚇, 使驚嚇使驚嚇 n. 驚恐驚恐, 驚嚇驚嚇 I t

24、old myself they werent dangerous but that didnt stop me from feeling scared to death for a moment! （課文原句）（課文原句） 我自言自語(yǔ)地說(shuō)它們并不危險(xiǎn)，但是這樣我自言自語(yǔ)地說(shuō)它們并不危險(xiǎn)，但是這樣一點(diǎn)也不能抑制我那怕得要死的心情。一點(diǎn)也不能抑制我那怕得要死的心情。 【歸納歸納】 be scared of 害怕害怕 be scared to do 害怕做害怕做 scare . away/off 把把嚇走嚇走 【拓展拓展】scared adj. 驚慌的驚慌的 相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于frightened be

25、scared to death/out of ones wits 被嚇得要死被嚇得要死; 被嚇得魂不附體被嚇得魂不附體 1) You scared me out of my mind, coming up behind me suddenly like that. 你這冷不防從背后過(guò)來(lái)你這冷不防從背后過(guò)來(lái), 真把我嚇?biāo)懒?。真把我嚇?biāo)懒恕?2) Ill see if I can scare up a meal from the scraps of food in the kitchen. 我去看看能否把廚房里的剩飯湊成一頓飯菜。我去看看能否把廚房里的剩飯湊成一頓飯菜。 3) The high p

26、rice is scaring away possible buyers. 價(jià)格昂貴價(jià)格昂貴, 把想買東西的顧客嚇跑了。把想買東西的顧客嚇跑了。 1. help.out 幫助某人擺脫困境幫助某人擺脫困境 Being helped out by the killer whales, the whalers were able to make a successful kill. （課文原句）（課文原句） 有了虎鯨的幫助，捕鯨人才有了一次成功有了虎鯨的幫助，捕鯨人才有了一次成功的捕殺。的捕殺。 (二二) 短短 語(yǔ)語(yǔ) 【拓展拓展】 help (sb.) (to) do sth. 幫幫(某人某人)做某

27、事做某事 cannot help doing sth. 禁不住做某事禁不住做某事 help oneself (to sth.) 自取自取, 自用自用 cant help but do sth. 不得不做某事不得不做某事 help sb. with sth. 幫助某人做某事幫助某人做某事 cant help (to) do sth. 不能幫著做某事不能幫著做某事 1) If you havent got time to finish, Ill help you out. 如果你來(lái)不及做完如果你來(lái)不及做完, 我會(huì)幫你擺脫困境。我會(huì)幫你擺脫困境。 2) Do you mind helping me

28、with this a minute? 你能抽點(diǎn)時(shí)間幫我一把嗎？你能抽點(diǎn)時(shí)間幫我一把嗎？ 3) I cant help wondering what happened to that little girl. 我忍不住想知道那個(gè)小女孩出了什么事。我忍不住想知道那個(gè)小女孩出了什么事。 2. be /become aware of 對(duì)對(duì)知道、明知道、明 白白; 意識(shí)到意識(shí)到. The first thing I became aware of was all the vivid colors surrounding me purples, reds, oranges, yellows, blues

29、 and greens. （課文原句）（課文原句） 我首先注意到的是我周圍那些鮮艷的色我首先注意到的是我周圍那些鮮艷的色彩彩紫色、紅色、橘黃、明黃、藍(lán)色和綠紫色、紅色、橘黃、明黃、藍(lán)色和綠色等。色等。 【拓展拓展】 aware多作形容詞多作形容詞, 意為“知道的意為“知道的; 察覺(jué)的”察覺(jué)的”, 常常接接 of +名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞-ing形式形式; 也可以接從也可以接從句句, 此時(shí)可以省略介詞此時(shí)可以省略介詞of, 其前常被副詞其前常被副詞well/quite/ fully 修飾。修飾。aware還可與還可與politically, environmentally等副詞連用等副

30、詞連用, 表示“有覺(jué)悟表示“有覺(jué)悟; 有有意識(shí)”。其名詞形式為意識(shí)”。其名詞形式為awareness, 意為“察覺(jué)意為“察覺(jué); 覺(jué)悟覺(jué)悟; 意識(shí)意識(shí)(+ of / that) 1) He said that the government was quite aware of the problem. 他說(shuō)政府很清楚這個(gè)問(wèn)題。他說(shuō)政府很清楚這個(gè)問(wèn)題。 2) She was not aware of having done wrong. 她沒(méi)有意識(shí)到做錯(cuò)了事。她沒(méi)有意識(shí)到做錯(cuò)了事。 3) He is a politically aware young man. 他是個(gè)政治上有覺(jué)悟的青年。他是個(gè)政治

31、上有覺(jué)悟的青年。 4) There is a general awareness that smoking is harmful. 人們普遍認(rèn)識(shí)到吸煙有害健康。人們普遍認(rèn)識(shí)到吸煙有害健康。 3. upside down 上下翻轉(zhuǎn)上下翻轉(zhuǎn) The yellow and green parrotfish was hanging upside down, and sucking tiny plants off the coral with its hard bird-like mouth. （課文原句）（課文原句） 黃綠相間的鸚嘴魚倒掛著，用它那像鳥嘴黃綠相間的鸚嘴魚倒掛著，用它那像鳥嘴一樣的硬嘴從

32、珊瑚上吸吮的微小植物。一樣的硬嘴從珊瑚上吸吮的微小植物。 【歸納歸納】 upside down 意為“底朝上意為“底朝上, 上下顛倒上下顛倒, 倒轉(zhuǎn)倒轉(zhuǎn), 亂亂七八糟”。七八糟”。如：如： The picture is hanging upside down. Thieves left the place upside down. 【拓展拓展】 turn . upside down 把把翻得亂七八糟翻得亂七八糟, 給給(某人的生活某人的生活)造成大的變化或混亂。造成大的變化或混亂。如：如： Mark turned the whole room upside down looking for h

33、is book. 1. We ran down to the shore in time to see an enormous animal opposite us throwing itself out of the water and then crashing down again. see sb. doing sth. 看見(jiàn)某人正在干某事看見(jiàn)某人正在干某事 【歸納歸納】 感官動(dòng)詞感官動(dòng)詞see, watch, notice, discover, observe, hear, smell等可跟動(dòng)詞等可跟動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ), 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing與賓語(yǔ)構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系與賓

34、語(yǔ)構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系, 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。行。 (三三) 句句 式式 2. The sea was rough that day and it was difficult to handle the boat. It + be + adj. (for/of sb.)+ to do sth. 做某事是做某事是的的 【歸納歸納】 在此句型中在此句型中, 如前面形容詞如前面形容詞(adj.) 指代事物、事指代事物、事情特征情特征, 如：如：important, easy, difficult, strange, necessary, important等等, 則后用則后用for; 如果為說(shuō)如

35、果為說(shuō)明人的性格、特征的形容詞明人的性格、特征的形容詞, 如如kind, polite, foolish, warmhearted, cruel等等, 則用則用of。 It seems + that從句”從句”, 其中其中it 是形式主語(yǔ)是形式主語(yǔ), that引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句。引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句。如：如： It seems that no one knows what has happened in the park. 似乎沒(méi)有人知道在公園里發(fā)生了什么事。似乎沒(méi)有人知道在公園里發(fā)生了什么事。 It seems to me that Mr. Brown will not come again. 在我看來(lái)布

36、朗先生不會(huì)再來(lái)了。在我看來(lái)布朗先生不會(huì)再來(lái)了。 3. It seemed that there was a surprise waiting for me around every corner as I explored small caves, 【拓展拓展】 There + seem to be +名詞”名詞”, 其中其中to be 可省可省略。略。seem 的單復(fù)數(shù)形式要根據(jù)后面作主語(yǔ)的的單復(fù)數(shù)形式要根據(jù)后面作主語(yǔ)的名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式而定。如：名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式而定。如： There doesnt seem to be much hope of our beating that team.

37、看來(lái)我們戰(zhàn)勝那個(gè)隊(duì)沒(méi)有多大希望?？磥?lái)我們戰(zhàn)勝那個(gè)隊(duì)沒(méi)有多大希望。 There seems no need to wait longer. 看來(lái)沒(méi)有再等的必要了。看來(lái)沒(méi)有再等的必要了。 4. This was the call that announced there was about to be a whale hunt. be about to表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作, 正要正要/就要”就要”, 不與具體表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用不與具體表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用, 常與常與when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。 1) Sit down, everyone. The film

38、s about to start. 大家坐下大家坐下, 電影馬上開始。電影馬上開始。 2) I was about to give up when the good news came. 當(dāng)好消息傳來(lái)時(shí)我正打算放棄。當(dāng)好消息傳來(lái)時(shí)我正打算放棄。 I. 用括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式填空。用括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式填空。 1. We felt at home with her and were impressed with the _ (deep) of her knowledge. 2. A(n) _ (abandon) baby was found in a box on the hospital st

39、eps. abandoned depth 3. The program will give young athletes the chance to _ (sharp) their skills. 4. I didnt like the soup, but all in all, the dinner was pretty _ (taste). 5. I wanted to ask her out but was _ (scare) that she might refuse. scared sharpen tasty II. 根據(jù)所給的漢語(yǔ)提示補(bǔ)全下列句子。根據(jù)所給的漢語(yǔ)提示補(bǔ)全下列句子。

40、1. To get the plant out of the pot, turn the pot _ (上下顛倒上下顛倒) and give it a gentle knock. 2. Ive often _ (幫助鮑勃擺幫助鮑勃擺脫困難脫困難) when hes short of money. upside down helped Bob out 3. He doesnt seem to _ (意識(shí)意識(shí) 到到) the coldness of their attitude towards his appeal. 4. As I opened the door, I found little

41、Ben was _ (歸類歸類) the bricks into different colors alone. be aware of sorting out 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)（二）被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)（二） 【歸納歸納】 1. 當(dāng)動(dòng)詞當(dāng)動(dòng)詞-ing形式的邏輯主語(yǔ)是其動(dòng)作的承形式的邏輯主語(yǔ)是其動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，動(dòng)詞受者時(shí)，動(dòng)詞-ing形式要用被動(dòng)式。動(dòng)詞形式要用被動(dòng)式。動(dòng)詞-ing的被動(dòng)式有兩種：一般式的被動(dòng)式，的被動(dòng)式有兩種：一般式的被動(dòng)式，即即being done，表示一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行或與謂，表示一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行或與謂語(yǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作；語(yǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作；完成式的被動(dòng)式，即完成式的被動(dòng)式

42、，即having been done，表示的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作表示的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作之前。之前。 2. 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing形式的被動(dòng)式在句中可以作主語(yǔ)、形式的被動(dòng)式在句中可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)。賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)。 e.g. 1) Being defeated by Jim was a terrifying experience. 2) I hate being bothered with silly questions. 3) The boy ran away for fear of being hurt. 4) The railway b

43、eing built will greatly benefit our city. 5) When Julia got to the meeting room, she heard her works being discussed. 6) Being accompanied by his father, the boy felt very happy. 7) Having been invited to speak, Ill start making preparations tomorrow. 【拓展拓展】 1. need, require, want表示“需要”時(shí)，后接動(dòng)表示“需要”時(shí)，

44、后接動(dòng)詞詞-ing形式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。形式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。如：如： The house needs / wants / requires repairing. = The house needs / wants / requires to be repaired. 2. be worth后接動(dòng)詞后接動(dòng)詞-ing形式的主動(dòng)形式表示被形式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。動(dòng)意義。如：如： The book is not worth reading. 3. 不定式的被動(dòng)式、動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)式、動(dòng)詞-ing形式的被動(dòng)式和過(guò)去分形式的被動(dòng)式和過(guò)去分詞都可作定語(yǔ)表示被動(dòng)意義，但所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)詞都可作

45、定語(yǔ)表示被動(dòng)意義，但所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間有所不同。生的時(shí)間有所不同。如：如： The problem to be discussed tomorrow is of vital importance. (to be discussed所表示的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作將所表示的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作將要發(fā)生要發(fā)生) The problem being discussed is of vital importance. (being discussed所表示的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生所表示的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生) The problem discussed yesterday is of vital importance. (discus

46、sed所表示的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生所表示的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生) 用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空。用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空。 1. The famous singer always wears sunglasses. Therefore, she can go shopping without _ (recognize). 2. The boss was happy to see new products _ (develop) after great effort. 3. David remembered _ (take) to France as a small child. being taken

47、 being recognized developed 4. The boy disliked _ (speak) to like that. 5. _ (test) several times, this new product will be put into mass production. 6. I have been invited to a party _ (hold) in our club next Sunday. 7. The drawer showed no signs of _ _ (touch). 8. The scientists designed a shirt t

48、hat never needs _ (wash). washing/to be washed being spoken Having been tested to be held having been touched/being touched 【寫作任務(wù)寫作任務(wù)】 假設(shè)你是李華，幾天前從某外資家電商場(chǎng)買假設(shè)你是李華，幾天前從某外資家電商場(chǎng)買了一臺(tái)電冰箱。使用后發(fā)現(xiàn)這臺(tái)冰箱存在門關(guān)不了一臺(tái)電冰箱。使用后發(fā)現(xiàn)這臺(tái)冰箱存在門關(guān)不緊、冷藏效果差的問(wèn)題。請(qǐng)你給本商場(chǎng)服務(wù)部負(fù)緊、冷藏效果差的問(wèn)題。請(qǐng)你給本商場(chǎng)服務(wù)部負(fù)責(zé)人寫一封投訴信，希望其給予調(diào)換或者安排維責(zé)人寫一封投訴信，希望其給予調(diào)換或者安排維修

49、人員上門維修。修人員上門維修。 如何寫投訴信如何寫投訴信 注意：詞數(shù)注意：詞數(shù)100左右。左右。 Dear Sir or Madam, _ _ _ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【寫作指導(dǎo)寫作指導(dǎo)】 這是一封投訴信。投訴信與普通書信格式這是一封投訴信。投訴信與普通書信格式一樣一樣, 但要注意的是寫投訴信是為了求得解決但要注意的是寫投訴信是為了求得解決問(wèn)題而不是泄憤問(wèn)題而不是泄憤, 因此寫信時(shí)一定要態(tài)度誠(chéng)懇、因此寫信時(shí)一定要態(tài)度誠(chéng)懇、禮貌委婉。投訴信一般包括以下幾點(diǎn)內(nèi)容：禮貌委婉。投訴信一般包括以下幾點(diǎn)內(nèi)容：寫信的目的、投訴的原因、希望得到的結(jié)果寫信的目的、投訴的原因、希望得到

50、的結(jié)果和表示感謝。和表示感謝。 針對(duì)這篇習(xí)作針對(duì)這篇習(xí)作, 可以把全文分為三段：可以把全文分為三段： 第一段：表明寫信的目的第一段：表明寫信的目的對(duì)購(gòu)買的對(duì)購(gòu)買的冰箱出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題進(jìn)行投訴。冰箱出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題進(jìn)行投訴。 第二段：投訴的原因以及希望得到的結(jié)果第二段：投訴的原因以及希望得到的結(jié)果冰箱門關(guān)不緊、冷藏效果差，希望調(diào)換或者安排冰箱門關(guān)不緊、冷藏效果差，希望調(diào)換或者安排維修人員上門維修。維修人員上門維修。 第三段：表示感謝。第三段：表示感謝。 【常用表達(dá)常用表達(dá)】 開頭：開頭： I am writing to make a complaint about / complain about . I

51、am writing to express my dissatisfaction / disappointment with . Im sorry to bother you but . 主體：主體： There are some problems with . that I wish to bring to your attention. Im really not happy . Im eager to know whether . Id like a full refund / a new one that . 結(jié)尾：結(jié)尾： I would appreciate it if you .

52、Im looking forward to . I do hope . 【參考范文參考范文】 Dear Sir or Madam, Im writing to complain about my disappointment with the refrigerator I bought from your store. After using it for two days, I found there was something wrong with the refrigerator. First, its door couldnt close tightly so that the ref

53、rigerator couldnt work well. Whats worse, the outer wall felt very hot and the food stored in it went bad quickly. Therefore, I am eager to know whether you can change it for a new one or send a repairman as soon as possible. I would appreciate it if you could take my complaint into consideration. I

54、 am looking forward to your early reply. Yours sincerely, Li Hua I. 用括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式填空。用括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式填空。 1. I wanted to ask her out but was _ (scare) that she might refuse. 2. They continued for another few kilometers until they reached a(n) _ (abandon) gas station. scared abandoned 3. The program will give

55、 young athletes the chance to _ (sharp) their skills. 4. These sausages are really _ (taste) where did you buy them? 5. One in five _ (pension) rely entirely on state benefits for their income. sharpen tasty pensioners II. 選用合適的單詞并用其正確形式填空。選用合適的單詞并用其正確形式填空。 annual, dive, opposite, pause, witness, ye

56、ll 1. There was a(n) _ in the conversation as everyone turned to say hello to Paul. No, he replied, without _ for thought. pause pausing annual, dive, opposite, pause, witness, yell 2. It is strange how two scientists studying the same problem can come to completely _ conclusions. My father is a ver

57、y calm person, but my mother is just the _. 3. Im sorry I _ at you last night. A great _ went up from the crowd. Liverpool had scored. opposite opposite yelled yell annual, dive, opposite, pause, witness, yell 4. I looked for Wymans picture in my high-school _. In the first half of the 1970s, the ec

58、onomy was growing at a(n) _ rate of 7 percent. 5. He signed the document in the presence of two _. The crash was _ by millions of viewers who were watching the race on TV. annual annual witnesses witnessed annual, dive, opposite, pause, witness, yell 6. The plane _ towards the ground and exploded in

59、 a ball of flame. The goalkeeper made a(n) _ for the ball, but couldnt stop it going in the net. dived dive III. 用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空。用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空。 1. The interview only took ten minutes, but it _ (feel) like hours. 2. The pop concert _ (expect) to attract over 20,000 people but only less than 5,000 atten

60、ded it. 3. The baby is sitting in his high chair, waiting _ (feed). felt had been/was expected to be fed 4. The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people _ (persuade) to eat more fruit and vegetables. 5. Your daughter has a good voice. Her interest in singing must _ (enco

61、urage). are persuaded be encouraged . 閱讀材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容閱讀材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容 （1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 The Great Barrier Reef is 1. _ 2,300-kilometer string of reefs along the northeast coast of Australia. It is home to well over 1,000 species of fish, over 100 types of shark, and 2. _ (dozen) of

62、 types of whale and dolphin. At least 2 million people visit it each year, a dozens 3. _ is worth some $6 billion to the Australian economy. But 4. _ is said that large areas of the reef are suffering from bleaching. Coral bleaches (turns white) when water is too warm for too long. The coral polyp (

63、珊瑚蟲珊瑚蟲) spits out the algae (海藻海藻) that live inside it and its flesh 5. _ (become) transparent. Algae provide the coral with 90% of its energy, which it becomes so without the algae it 6. _ (eventual) starves. Furthermore, as small fish can no 7. _ (long) use the coral as shelter, the bigger fish th

64、at feed on them abandon the coral and move on. Becoming aware of 8. _ serious the situation is, the Australian government has now promised $1 billion to help out. The money is to be spent on clean energy projects and 9. _ (reduce) pollution. eventually longer how reducing But environmentalists say the government is dragging its feet. They are urging the government to tax fossil fuel mining companies in order 10. _ (make) them pay for the damage their industry has caused. to make