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1、 衢州學院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(論文)外文翻譯 譯文： 根據(jù)洗衣機的創(chuàng)新設(shè)計，TRIZ理論 第18屆工業(yè)工程與工程管理國際學術(shù)會議 摘 要 TRIZ是以沖突解決理論為指導(dǎo)，根據(jù)其所應(yīng)用的設(shè)計過程和技術(shù)沖突為解決方法，針對滾筒式洗衣機中存在的不足之處，創(chuàng)造出新的可行性設(shè)計方案。從新的角度出發(fā)，以及相關(guān)的軟件設(shè)計并理想化分析，從而獲得新型滾筒式洗衣機，設(shè)計出一個具有創(chuàng)新意義的方法 關(guān)鍵詞：洗衣機，解決沖突，TRIZ，創(chuàng)新設(shè)計。 一、 引言 隨著生活水平的提高以及生活節(jié)奏的不斷加快，洗衣機作為一種替代手工洗衣服的家用電器已成為我們生活中必

2、不可缺少的物品，并且現(xiàn)代工業(yè)也加快了洗衣機的發(fā)展。隨著科學技術(shù)的進一步發(fā)展，更多洗衣機的出現(xiàn)給我們帶來了全新的生活方式。 近年來，隨著人力資源問題的沖突，以及不可再生能源的日益減少。隨著人們環(huán)保意識和節(jié)能意識的不斷提高，環(huán)境保護以及節(jié)能型洗衣機得到了越來越多人的關(guān)注，并且這些已成為洗衣機的發(fā)展趨勢。用理論指導(dǎo)洗衣機TRIZ創(chuàng)新設(shè)計，可以設(shè)計出符合消費者需求的洗衣機產(chǎn)品。 二、 利用沖突解決矩陣實現(xiàn)創(chuàng)新 當我們解決技術(shù)方面等問題，提高系統(tǒng)的屬性，使其它屬性讓系統(tǒng)再退化，然后使它們產(chǎn)生一些矛盾系統(tǒng)[1]，安切洛蒂已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)通過一個新技術(shù)特征，再深入研究這方面技術(shù)矛盾，對于任何一對矛盾，都可

3、以發(fā)現(xiàn)其特征描述，所以包括矛盾特征描述技術(shù)，技術(shù)創(chuàng)新，創(chuàng)新的解決方案，該解決方案的過程中解決的技術(shù)問題是在40原則基礎(chǔ)上再確定過程[2]。 我們必須在以解決問題的原則基礎(chǔ)上，為解決這方面問題，并提出相應(yīng)具體方法的具體條件來解決這些問題。為確定一個技術(shù)需要解決的問題，需要解決的技術(shù)問題和矛盾描述的術(shù)語給出了相互矛盾的領(lǐng)域。之后，將描述的術(shù)語轉(zhuǎn)化為沖突和矛盾，一般來說，這些術(shù)語會選擇標準矛盾的技術(shù)特點。技術(shù)特點決定的是一般問題和選擇解決方案的原則。一個原則必須根據(jù)具體的使用這個原則問題產(chǎn)生的具體解決方案后才實現(xiàn)，對于一個比較復(fù)雜的問題，一個原則往往是不夠的，對原有系統(tǒng)功能的原則往往是提高發(fā)展方向

4、。在改善的過程中，深入思考這方面問題，往往經(jīng)驗是必要的[3] 三、 設(shè)計實例 對于滾筒式洗衣機的市場，清潔水平和服裝磨損度往往是第一標準[4]，然后是其他功能方面。隨著滾筒式洗衣機的對應(yīng)以及這些問題的內(nèi)容增加技術(shù)的發(fā)展可以解決。滾筒式洗衣機的多樣化和智能化的發(fā)展也是一個發(fā)展趨勢，只有各種不同的硬件和軟件的升級，才可以更好的迎合消費者的需要，使得洗衣上更加方便?，F(xiàn)在的滾筒式洗衣機基本上都是單一的，都是簡單的功能，提供的服務(wù)也非常單調(diào)有限，但是如果滾筒式洗衣機各方面功能增加，那么相應(yīng)的洗衣機的復(fù)雜性也隨之增加，那么洗衣機的功能和智能化就會更加提高，操作方面和矛盾也隨之增加。綠色設(shè)計及環(huán)保設(shè)計在

5、近幾年的口號已經(jīng)越來越受重視，綠色環(huán)保的設(shè)計趨勢也是一個重要的設(shè)計走向，也將是洗衣機的多用性和一個智能處理方面[5]。 現(xiàn)在使用沖突解決矩陣來分析使得這些問題得到解決。首先在39個標準工程參數(shù)和確定技術(shù)選擇特定的參數(shù)，如適應(yīng)性和多用途等參數(shù)的增加，使得裝置變得更加復(fù)雜，根據(jù)TRIZ理論，復(fù)雜的解決方案是：15動態(tài)29號液壓結(jié)構(gòu)37來系統(tǒng)替代熱膨脹。 如果滾筒式洗衣機自動化的提高，以至于操作性降低，根據(jù)沖突解決矩陣的形式，解決的辦法是：1號12號34號相同的水平分割放棄修復(fù)3號的局部變化。 因此，適應(yīng)性和多用途的自動化提高，所以使得的復(fù)雜性降低。設(shè)備的增加，可操作性是減少、形狀、結(jié)構(gòu)的穩(wěn)定

6、性也將受到巨大的影響。 根據(jù)分析原理，以及發(fā)明理論。1號，3號的局部變化，28號機械系統(tǒng)的替代品。34和恢復(fù)原理使得它把針對方案解決[6] 分割原則：理想的整合分裂的綠色環(huán)保洗衣機必須使用分割原理達到投入產(chǎn)出環(huán)境保護和有效利用的實現(xiàn)洗衣機，濾水系統(tǒng)，水系統(tǒng)，水儲存桶等二分區(qū)。環(huán)保洗衣機達到完全綠化投入產(chǎn)出的凈水器，應(yīng)根據(jù)設(shè)置，濾水器，存儲設(shè)備，連接到每個其他相關(guān)分割相互獨立的裝置，但在水桶的廢水經(jīng)過處理后的洗衣機，過濾后的水也可以處理水的桶再次使用。通過對滾筒洗衣機的各個問題分割成一個個小問題，使得問題變得更加具體和容易解決，再通過整合，使得這個大問題被有效解決。根據(jù)這一思想，得出以下草圖

7、繪制完成這樣的想法。 局部變化的原則：產(chǎn)品創(chuàng)新和技術(shù)突破需要匹配相應(yīng)的變化，局部的變化，包括功能洗衣機，水桶，內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)的儀表板，承重輪和其他地方的變化。根據(jù)這個想法，和外部造型，在繪制圖達到這樣的效果：儀表盤顯示是各種自動化功能和水等各種相關(guān)的環(huán)境設(shè)計的關(guān)鍵，內(nèi)置發(fā)射機和泵改變位置，綠色設(shè)計所引發(fā)的排水設(shè)計風格一致是洗衣機輪的變化。通過對局部產(chǎn)生變化這個原則，洗衣機就會出現(xiàn)成千上萬種款式，使得人們對洗衣機的選擇更加多樣化。 機械系統(tǒng)的替代原則：洗衣機環(huán)保功能目前在市場上還不完全定位，洗衣機機械系統(tǒng)的環(huán)保概念將帶來新的設(shè)計理念，通過對機械系統(tǒng)的替換，洗衣機的功能將會變得更加智能化、合理化、使

8、得不可能實現(xiàn)的效果變得可能，讓從未想過的事出現(xiàn)在人們眼前。其中做洗衣機的環(huán)保功能不僅是資源利用最終投入產(chǎn)出的綠化，而是合理、有效的利用資源，目前英國利茲大學的研究人員發(fā)明了一種新的無水滾筒洗衣機類型，這種洗衣機不僅去除洗衣效果好，去污漬，節(jié)能效果是相當驚人的，只是比平時少2%水和電的量可以完成清潔任務(wù)，其工作原理是使衣服濕許多的塑料球混合后，滾在一起。在這個過程中，水溶解污漬，使它從服裝，塑料顆粒負責污漬吸收，從而完成衣物的清潔。 拋棄與修復(fù)原理：洗衣機產(chǎn)生的水一般直接排放，洗衣機水的使用的每一個環(huán)節(jié)都能夠合理利用環(huán)境保護，對洗衣機內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)造和水過濾循環(huán)裝置，實現(xiàn)循環(huán)廢棄修復(fù)工藝，洗手盆機

9、械過濾-吸附管防垢系統(tǒng)終于到了，使衣服洗干凈再利用水的廢水過濾罐儲存，泵送槽內(nèi)使用后，從水桶外罐內(nèi)的小盒子后再使用水，廢水排放沖洗廁所，清洗拖把等。也可以對其他方面使用這個原則，使得每個方面都能實現(xiàn)多樣化，也使得洗衣機更加接近人們所需所想。 設(shè)計集成環(huán)保洗衣機，是從多功能、實用、環(huán)保、經(jīng)濟、節(jié)能等方面考慮。你可以改變衛(wèi)生間環(huán)境使得洗衣機得到保護，通過對水量的控制，最后骯臟的水流量也可以沖洗拖地、澆花等，機械系統(tǒng)通過CAN replacement實現(xiàn)遺棄常用水的清晰度變化。 最終的解決方案的設(shè)計提供了以下的新機器，這臺洗衣機：結(jié)合水池，水箱，機械過濾器裝置的綜合設(shè)計，結(jié)合水循環(huán)的觀點，從而

10、最大限度的通過節(jié)水來投入產(chǎn)出完全綠色理念的水處理和特征。通過對節(jié)水方面的設(shè)計，自動計算一定一量每次的進水量和漂洗次數(shù)從而達到節(jié)水的效果。所以這臺新的滾筒式洗衣機在市場上超過一般滾筒式洗衣機體現(xiàn)了綠色環(huán)保，更加節(jié)能和智能化操作，減少排放的特點，是一個新型的洗衣機體現(xiàn)，是A股市場中綠色電力的洗衣機。 四、 結(jié)論 在激烈的市場競爭下，企業(yè)生存和發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵是設(shè)計創(chuàng)新，不斷提高他們的生產(chǎn)原理，生產(chǎn)出目前客戶需求的產(chǎn)品。洗衣機行業(yè)更多的基礎(chǔ)和發(fā)展，應(yīng)充分了解產(chǎn)品特性，掌握市場的動態(tài)趨勢的基礎(chǔ)上，未來先進的創(chuàng)新理論參考，實現(xiàn)創(chuàng)新設(shè)計，最終贏得市場和未來[7]。 參考文獻 [1] Zhao-qua

11、n Jian Industrial design methodology. Beijing: the first l version of Beijing institute of university press, 2000. [2] Run-Hua Tan innovative design problem solving theory TRIZ: invention. beijing: machinery industry press, 2002. [3] JianGao, Zhi-Yong Yang Yu-DongWei, the platen washing machine M

12、SNADAMS. Based on the dynamic characteristics study mechanical design, 2008 (7). [4] Guo-Yu Liu originality and express product shape. shanghai: Shanghai peoples art publishing house, 2004. [5] Xin-Jun Zhao. Technology innovation theory and application. The first edition. Beijing: chemical indu

13、stry press, 2004. [6] Ming-Lang Yang Xiao-Dan Yang, “based on the theory of domestic handset TRIZ innovative design” .journal of packaging engineering, 2005 (2) : 140-141. [7] Emily M Smith From Russia with TRIZ Mechanical Engineer—ing New York Mar 2003 [8] Todd WillJams St Paul Reversability of

14、 the 40 Principles of Problem Solving TRIZ Journal 1998 [9] Veit Kohnhauser Use of TRIZ in the Development Process TRIZ Journal 1999 原文： Based on the Theory of TRIZ in Innovation Design of the Washing Machine Proceedings of 2011 IEEE the 18th International Conference on Industrial

15、 Engineering and Engineering Management(Volume 3) Abstract-As TRIZ conflict resolution theory as the guide, according to its application design process and technology conflict resolution methods, aimed at reverse-force cylinder washer which exist in the traditional shortcomings, and feasible desi

16、gn scheme of innovation. From a new Angle, and related software idealize analysis designed, so as to obtain new roller-type washing machine, a new method of design of innovation Keywords - washing machine, TRIZ, conflict resolution, innovative design. I. INTRODUCTION With the improvement of liv

17、ing standards and life rhythm speeding up, the washing machine has become indispensable to our life items as an alternative to manual washing clothes people of household appliances. Modern industrial also accelerates the pace of washing machine developed. Along with the further development of scien

18、ce and technology, more suitable washing machine bring us many new way of life for using. And in recent years, as human and resource problems conflict, with the people environmental protection consciousness and energy-saving consciousness unceasing enhancement, environmental protection and energy

19、saving of washing machine by the people get more and more attention, become the development trend of the washing machine. Using the theory instruction washing machine TRIZ innovative design, can design that meets consumer demand competitive washing machine products. II. USE CONFLICT RESOLVING MATR

20、IX REALIZE INNOVATION When we solving technical problems, the improve system and an attribute,will often make system in other attributes deterioration, then they generate system contradictions[1]A1tshuller has already found 39 technical characteristics through the in-depth study of contradictions,

21、 any one technology can be a pair of contradictions of characteristics description: and also found, by including a couple technology characteristics description contradiction of any technology innovation, this innovative solutions in the process of solution is that 40 principle solving technical pro

22、blems in the principle to determine the process [2] . When solving problems we must be based on the principle and provided to solve problems, and puts for ward the specific conditions of the specific method to solve problems. As to the problem identified a technology, with the contradictions in the

23、 field of technology problem describing the term given contradictory. Later, will the descriptions translated into conflict, in general terms by these general term selection criteria contradictions technical characteristics. Technical characteristic decision is general problem and choice available

24、solution principles. Once a principle must be selected according to specific after using this principle problem to produce a specific solution. For a complicated problem, one principle is not enough, the principle of the original system function is to improve the direction of development. In improv

25、ing the process, the problem of deep thinking, experience are needed [3] . III. DESIGN EXAMPLE For the platen washing machine on the market for clothes, clean level andclothing wear degrees is the first criteria[4], along with the development of technology increase of the content of washing mach

26、ine corresponding to these problems can be solved. The diversification of platen washing machine and the intelligent development also one of the trend, only various different hardware and software upgrades, and can better cater to the needs of the consumers. Nowplaten washing machine is single, simp

27、le function, the providing services also is very limited, but if increase the washing machine functions, the corresponding the complexity of the washing machine can increase, and increase the washing machine function and more intelligent, operational aspects machine with thecontradiction and additio

28、ns. The slogan of green design in recent years have put much more attention, the green environmental protection design trend is alsoan important design towards, also be washing machine multi-purpose gender and one of the intelligent processing aspect [5] . Now use conflict resolution matrix to ana

29、lyze these problems. First in 39 standard engineering parameters and determine technology select a specific parameters, if adaptability and multi-purposes increased, the device became complicated, according to the complexity of the theory, solution is : NO.15 dynamic NO. 29 hydraulic structure NO.3

30、7 thermal expansion NO.28machine system alternative. If automation improves, and then operability is reduced, accordin to solve the conflict matrix form, solution is: NO. 1 segmentation NO. 12 same level NO. 34 abandon and repair NO. 3 local changes. Thus, adaptability and multi-purposes and auto

31、mation improve, and so willlead to the complexity of the device increased, operability is reduced,and shape,structure stable will also be affected. After analyzing the principle, according to the invention theory. 1 division,NO.3 local change, NO. 28 mechanical system alternative, NO. 34 abandon a

32、nd restoration principle it puts forward the solutions [6] . Segmentation principle: the ideal integration split green environmental washing machine to reach input-output environmental protection and effective utilization is achieved must using segmentation principle, washing machine, water system

33、of filter water system, the second partition of water storage barrels. Environmental washing machine to reach input-output completely greening water purifier, should be based on the set, water filter, storage devices, each device connected to each other and relevant segmentation independent, but for

34、 wastewater treatment in the water barrel after washing machine, filtered water can also treated in water bucket again use. According to this idea, and drew the followingsketch and make rendering to complete such ideas. Local change principle: product innovation and technological breakthrough nee

35、d to match the corresponding change topical, washing machine of local changes including by function, bring the internal structure of the water barrel, dashboard, the load bearing wheel and other local change. According to the idea, and the external modeling, after the rendering try to achieve such e

36、ffect: dashboard display various automation function and water and so on various related environmental design key, built-in transmit engine and pump change in position,green design triggered draining and design style is consistent washing machine wheels of change. Mechanical system substitution pr

37、inciple: the washing machine nowadays on the market is incomplete orientation of environmental protection function, washing machine mechanical system for environmental washing machine substitute will bring in new design concept, do the washing machine environmental protection function not only ult

38、imate is resources use input-output greening, and is reasonable and effective utilization of recourses, the current British Leeds university researchers invented a new type of anhydrous platen washing machine, this washing machine not only laundry effect, can remove good in all types ofbesmirch, and

39、 energy-saving effect is quite amazing, just less than usual 2% of the amount of water and electricity can finish cleaning task, its working principle is to make clothes in wet with lots of plastic after ball mixing, tumbling together. In this process, the water dissolved besmirch and make it from

40、clothing, plastic pellets is responsible for besmirch to absorb, thus completing the clothes clean. Abandon and restoration principle: lavabo or washing machine produces water general directly discharge, to make environmental protection of its water washing machine using each link can reasonable

41、use up, after analyzing insidethe washing machine structure and water filtering circulation device of tectonic,achieve the idea of circulating water for abandoned repair process wastewater water passes through, lavabo mechanical filtering - adsorption pip - anti-scalingsystem - finally arrived, will

42、 was tank storage of waste water filter for washing clothes clean reuse water, after pump pumped in tank inside and use, water after use within the tank again to small box from outside of the waterbarrel, the wastewater discharge last may to flush the toilet, rinse mop, etc. According to the

43、idea of doing rendering, and explains the whole water utilization of various aspects of the repair process abandoned. The design concept of integrated environmental protection washing machine that is muti-function, practical, environmental protection, economy. Can treat as avatory, environmental pr

44、otection platen washing machine, second water filter water machine, finally the dirty water discharge can also rinse mop, etc. Themechanical system through above replacement can achieve ordinary utilization of water of clarity standards. The ultimate solution design gives the following new machines

45、, this washing machine: combine sink, water tank, mechanical filter device designed synthetically, combining the viewpoints on water cycle, thus maximum through watertreatment and characteristics of water-saving water to the idea of input-output completely green. So this new machines on the market m

46、ore than the washingmachine manifested the green environmental protection, energy saving and emission reduction of intelligent operation, the features, is a new type of washing machine of practical, will bring a share market the washer for green power. IV. CONCLUSION In the intense market competi

47、tion, the key for the enterprise survival and development is design innovation to continuously and improve their production principle to produce the product for customers demands nowadays. If the washing machine industry to the more foundation and develops forward, should be fully acknowledge the pr

48、oduct characteristics, handle the future on the basis ofdynamic market trends, advanced creative theory reference, realize innovative design, finally win the market and its future [7] . REFERENCES [1] Zhao-quan Jian Industrial design methodology. Beijing: the first l version of Beijing institut

49、e of university press, 2000. [2] Run-Hua Tan innovative design problem solving theory TRIZ: invention. beijing: machinery industry press, 2002. [3] JianGao, Zhi-Yong Yang Yu-DongWei, the platen washing machine MSNADAMS. Based on the dynamic characteristics study mechanical design, 2008 (7). [4]

50、 Guo-Yu Liu originality and express product shape. shanghai: Shanghai peoples art publishing house, 2004. [5] Xin-Jun Zhao. Technology innovation theory and application. The first edition. Beijing: chemical industry press, 2004. [6] Ming-Lang Yang Xiao-Dan Yang, “based on the theory of domestic

51、 handset TRIZ innovative design” .journal of packaging engineering, 2005 (2) : 140-141. [7] Emily M Smith From Russia with TRIZ Mechanical Engineer—ing New York Mar 2003 [8] Todd WillJams St Paul Reversability of the 40 Principles of Problem Solving TRIZ Journal 1998 [9] Veit Kohnhauser Use of TRIZ in the Development Process TRIZ Journal 1999